题目内容
Many of the world's pollution problems have been 1 by the crowding of large groups of people into cities．Supply for the 2 of the people leads to 3 pollution by industry．If the 4 increase in human population 5 at the present rate，there may be much greater harm． Some scientists speak of the 6 in number of people as“population pollution．”
About 2000 years ago，the world 7 was probably about 250 million． 8 reached a billion in 1850．By 1930the population was two billion．It is 9 three and a half billion．It is 10 to double by the year 2005．If the population continues to grow at the same 11 ， there would be 25 billion people in the world a hundred years from now．
Man has been using the earth's 12 more and more rapidly over the years．Some of them are almost 13 ．Now many people believe that man's greatest 14 is how to control the growth of his population．The 15 in the world will not support the human population，in time to come，if the 16 rate of increase continues． 17 there is over crowding in the 18 and hunger in some countries． Can man's rate of increase 19 ？Many people believe that human survival in the future depends on the answer 20 the question．
1．A．made B．caused C．led D．worked out
2．A．needs B．satisfies C．service D．lacks
3．A．farther B．less C．further D．better
4．A．harmful B．small C．slow D．rapid
5．A．stops B．continues C．slows down D．adds to
6．A．increase B．reduce C．quality D．quantity
7．A．people B．situation C．population D．land
8．A．They B．You C．We D．It
9．A．now B．in the past C．in the future D．then
10．A．hoped B．expected C．wished D．looked forward to
11．A．time B．year C．rate D．period
12．A．place B．oil C．mines D．resources
13．A．missed B．rich C．gone D．enough
14．A．problem B．power C．plan D．idea
15．A．food B．electricity C．energy D．materials
16．A．past B．present C．future D．slow
17．A．Already B．Yet C．Still D．Often
18．A．villages B．mountains C．cities D．farms
19．A．continue B．exist C．fall D．keep
20．A．in B．of C．to D．for
1．B。世界污染问题由大量人口涌入城市引起。
2．A。人们涌入城市后，对人们进行需求供应时引起了污染。
3．C。further意思是“更进一步的”。人们涌入城市，需求供应加剧了城市污染。
4．D。rapid increase迅速的增长。
5．B。如果人口以目前迅速增长的比率发展下去，……。
6．A。全文讲了人口增长与污染的关系，因此此空填increase。
7．C。根据空后的250million，此空填 population。
8．D。It指the world population。
9．A。根据上下文，此空所讲的是现在的情况。
10．B。这个数字是人们的猜测和料想，因此选expected。
11．C。前面介绍了各个时期的人口数量的增长，接下来作者说，“如果以这个比率增长的话，……”
12．D。resources意思是“资源”，它包括coal，oil和mines。
13．C。这些能源中的一部分已经枯竭。gone在这里为形容词，意思是“用完了的”。
14．A。人类最大的问题是如何控制人口的增长，这也是作者通过上述分析得出的结论。
15．D。选项A有较大的干扰性，通过上下文我们得知，人口再增长，不仅仅是食物、电和能源而且还有许多东西都不能满足人们的需要，因此materials为最佳答案。
16．B。the present rate of increase目前的增长比率。
17．A。能源危急的情况已经（already）出现。
18．C。从短文的第一句Many of the world's pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into cities．得此答案。
19．A。人口的这种增长比率还会持续下去吗？
20．C。the answer to the question这个问题的答案。
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
【小题1】What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
| A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned. |
| B．Land in the West was hard to manage. |
| C．Some railroad stops remained underused. |
| D．Land grants went into private hands. |
| A．The use of money and power. |
| B．The transmission of power. |
| C．The conservation of solar energy. |
| D．The selection of an ideal place. |
| A．Disapproving. | B．Approving. | C．Doubtful. | D．Cautious. |
| A．How the Railways Have Affected the West |
| B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced |
| C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West |
| D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled |
As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电)and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
【小题1】What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?
| A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned. |
| B．Land in the West was hard to manage. |
| C．Some railroad stops remained underused. |
| D．Land grants went into private hands. |
| A．The use of money and power. |
| B．The transmission of power. |
| C．The conservation of solar energy. |
| D．The selection of an ideal place. |
| A．Disapproving. | B．Approving. | C．Doubtful. | D．Cautious. |
| A．How the Railways Have Affected the West |
| B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced |
| C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West |
| D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled |