As the sea ice melts sooner each swimmer,polar bears are forced to come ashore earlier and face food shortages they have stored enough fat to last them through the season. [ ]A.beforeB.unlessC.sinceD. 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

As the sea ice melts sooner each swimmer,polar bears are forced to come ashore earlier and face food shortages _____ they have stored enough fat to last them through the season.

[ ]

A.before
B.unless
C.since
D.until

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根据短文内容，从下边的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

A . The different structure of blue holes.????????

B. Why scientists are interested in blue holes.????????

C. How a blue hole comes into being.

D. Blue holes exploring is becoming popular.

E. Rules to obey when diving into blue holes.

F. The general definition of a blue hole.

1.______________

??? A blue hole is a flooded sea cave with a hole that opens up at the land's surface. These cave systems form in carbonate rock, often on islands. Some blue holes have very special rock formations and water chemistry. Far below sea level, they contain some of the harshest environments on Earth, with no oxygen and no light. Yet these areas are filled with life forms that have adapted to the extreme conditions.

2.___________

??? Blue holes get their name from the color some have when seen from the air. The color is usually a reflection of the sky on the water. Blue holes are the result of erosion in which water breaks down rock. Rain falling thousands of years ago contained chemicals which slowly wore away at the limestone landmass. These holes later filled with sea water as the sea level changed. The rising and falling of sea levels and the mixture of salt and fresh water further wore away at these cave formations.

3.___________

??? These flooded cave systems can be found in the ocean, or they can be found inland. Ocean caves are affected by tides, so they always have water movement. But blue holes on land are very still. They have several layers of water, chemicals, and bacteria. The top layer of fresh water comes from rainfall. This layer acts like a cap on top of the layered mixture, and keeps out oxygen from the atmosphere. The fresh water floats on a denser layer of saltwater. Underneath this is a layer of poisonous hydrogen sulfide, produced by bacteria living in the water. Underneath this layer is anoxic seawater -- water that does not contain any oxygen.

4.___________

??? Information gathered from these blue holes is helping scientists to increase their understanding of biology, archaeology and geology. But exploring these blue hole environments brings danger as well as discovery. Scientists are interested in these caves because oxygen-free conditions there are similar to those on Earth long ago, before oxygen existed on our planet. But there are many difficulties involved in diving into blue holes.

5.___________

One reason blue holes have not been fully explored is that they can be extremely dangerous. There are many safety rules that divers must follow to help ensure their survival. First, divers must have training and experience to swim in these caves. Divers who explore a cave for the first time must establish a thin rope called a guideline. This line helps them to safely enter and exit the cave without getting lost.

阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答案卡相应的位置上（请注意每题的词数要求）。

Jack London was born in San Francisco in 1876．He was abandoned by his father， “Professor” William Henry Chaney，a fortune telling person，and raised in Oakland by his mother Flora Wellman，a music teacher．London’s stepfather，John London，whose surname he took，was a failed storekeeper. London’ youth marked by poverty. At the age of the he became a crazy reader, and borrowed books from the Oakland Public Library, where Ina Coolbirth told him to read the works of Flaubert, Tolstoy and other major novelists.

After leaving school at the age of 14，London worked as a seaman，rode in trains as a wanderer and adopted socialistic views as a member of the protest armies of the unemployed．In 1894 he was arrested in Niagara Fails and put into prison for wandering． These years made him determined to raise himself out of poverty but they also gave later materials for such works as The Sea Wolf（1 904），which partly came from his horrible experiences as a sailor in the Pacific Ocean．

Without having much formal education，London spent much time in public libraries reading fiction，philosophy，poetry，political science，and at the age of 19 got admittance to the University of California in Berkeley．During this period he had already started to write．London left the school before the year was over and went to seek his fortune in the Klondike gold rush of 1 89 7．His attempt was unsuccessful．London spent the winter near Dawson City，suffering from illness．In the spring he returned to San Francisco with his notebook full of plans for stories．For the remainder of 1 89 8 London again tried to earn his living by writing．London’s first novel，The Son of the Wolf，appeared’in 1900．By 1904 Jack London was the author of 10 books．The Son of the Wolf got a wide audience as did his other Alaska stories，The Call of the Wild（1903），White Fang（1906），and Burning Daylight（1910）．Jack London died on November 22，1916．

1.What did Ina Coolbirth tell London in the Oakland Public Library?（Within 15 words）

2.Why were London's horrible experiences as a sailor good for him?（Within 12 words）

3.What was wrong with London near Dawson City?（Within 5 words）

4.What is London’s first novel?（Within 5 words）

5.How is the text developed?（Within 5 words）

Pete Richards was the loneliest man in town on the day that little Jean Grace opened the door of his shop.

Pete's grandfather had owned the shop until his death. Then the shop became Pete's. The front window was full of beautiful old things: jewelry of a hundred years ago, gold and silver boxes, carved figures from China and Japan and other nations.

On this winter afternoon, a child stood there, her face close to the window. With large and serious eyes, she studied each piece in the window. Then, looking pleased, she stepped back from the window and went into the shop. Pete himself stood behind the counter. His eyes were cold as he looked at the small girl. “Please,” she began, “would you let me look at the pretty string of blue beads in the window?” Pete took the string of blue beads from the window. The beads were beautiful against his hand as he held the necklace up for her to see.

“They are just right,” said the child as though she were alone with the beads. “Will you wrap them up in pretty paper for me, please? I've been looking for a really wonderful Christmas present for my sister.”

“How much money do you have?” asked Pete.

She put a handful of pennies on the counter. “This is all I have,” she explained simply. “I've been saving the money for my sister's present.”

Pete looked at her, his eyes thoughtful. Then he carefully closed his hand over the price mark on the necklace so that she could not see it. How could he tell her the price? The happy look in her big blue eyes struck him like the pain of an old wound.

“Just a minute,” he said and went to the back of the shop. “What's your name?” he called out. He was very busy about something.

“Jean Grace,” answered the child.

When Pete returned to the front of the shop, he held a package in his hand. It was wrapped in pretty Christmas paper.

“There you are,” he said. “Don't lose it on the way home.”

She smiled happily at him as she ran out of the door. Through the window he watched her go. He felt more alone than ever.

Something about Jean Grace and her string of beads had made him feel once more the pain of his old grief. The child's hair was as yellow as the sunlight; her eyes were as blue as the sea. Once upon a time, Pete had loved a girl with hair of that same yellow and with eyes just as blue. And the necklace of blue stones had been meant for her.

But one rainy night, a car had gone off the road and struck the girl. After she died, Pete felt that he had nothing left in the world except his grief. The blue eyes of Jean Grace brought him out of that world of self-pity and made him remember again all that he had lost. The pain of remembering was so great that Pete wanted to run away from the happy Christmas shoppers who came to look at his beautiful old things during the next ten days.

When the last shopper had gone, late on Christmas Eve, the door opened and a young woman came in. Pete could not understand it, but he felt that he had seen her before. Her hair was sunlight yellow and her eyes were sea-blue. Without speaking, she put on the counter a package wrapped in pretty Christmas paper. When Pete opened the package, the string of blue beads lay again before him.

“Did this come from your shop?” she asked.

Pete looked at her with eyes no longer cold. “Yes, it did,” he said.

“Are the stones real?”

“Yes. They aren't the best turquoise(绿松石), but they are real.”

“Can you remember to whom you sold them?”

“She was a small girl. Her name was Jean. She wanted them for her sister's Christmas present.”

“How much were they?”

“I can't tell you that,” he said. “The seller never tells anyone else what a buyer pays.”

“But Jean has never had more than a few pennies. How could she pay for them?”

“She paid the biggest price one can ever pay,” he said.

For a moment there was no sound in the little shop. Then somewhere in the city, church bells began to ring. It was midnight and the beginning of another Christmas Day.

“But why did you do it?” the girl asked.

Pete put the package into her hands.

“There is no one else to whom I can give a Christmas present,” he said. “It is already Christmas morning. Will you let me take you to your home? I would like to wish you a Merry Christmas at your door.”

And so, to the sound of many bells, Pete Richards and a girl whose name he had not yet learned walked out into the hope and happiness of a new Christmas Day.

1.When Pete saw Jean Grace, he was ______.

A. very enthusiastic, hoping for some business to be done

B. cold but he still served the young customer

C. cold, unwilling to serve the young customer

D. very warm to the young customer though he did not want to sell anything to her

2.Pete did not say the price of the necklace because ______.

A. the seller never tells anyone else what a buyer pays

B. he priced the necklace too high

C. he knew it would disappoint the girl

D. he didn't want to sell the necklace

3.The eyes of Jean Grace brought Pete out of his world of self-pity and he ______.

A. tried to forget the memory of his sweetheart

B. began to look at the world optimistically

C. remembered his lost love

D. no longer felt the pain in him

4.A young woman came into the shop because ______.

A. she was afraid that there might be some mistake

B. she thought that the stones she had bought were not real

C. she was not sure if she could get more stones like those

D. she did not like what she had once bought

5.By saying “She paid the biggest price one can ever pay,” Pete meant that Jean Grace .

A. gave the most money for the necklace

B. gave all she had with her for the necklace

C. appreciated the value of the necklace

D. wanted to have the best thing in the shop

6. At the end of the story we see that Pete _____.

A. found another girl that he could trust

B. met someone who truly loved him

C. found a place to go at last

D. regained his ability to love

As ________ as the sky is your mind. As deep as the sea is your kindness.

A．broad B．aboard C．abroad D．board

He was an old man who fished alone in a boat in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish the boys parents had told him that the old man was now definitely salao and he finally would be so. The boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff(鱼钩) and harpoon(鱼叉) and the sail that as rolled around the mast(桅杆). The sail was patched with flour bags and, rolled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.

The old man was very thin with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches(斑点) of the skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased scars from handing heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert. Everything about him was old expect his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.

“Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the boat was pulled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.” The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

“No,” the old man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?

“Yes,” the boy said. “Can I offer you a beer on the Terrance and then we’ll take the stuff home.”

“Why not?” said the old man, “between fisherman.”

55. The underlined word “salao” in the first paragraph probably means ________.

A. lonely B. unlucky C. selfish D. stubborn

56. The boy left the old man and went in another boat to fish because _______.

A. the old man preferred to fish alone B. the old man was poor

C. the boy’s parents ordered him to D. the old man’s sail suggested a permanent defeat

57. After reading this passage, we may safely conclude that ________.

A. the old man was insistent and not afraid of failure

B. the boy’s papa had confidence in everything

C. the old man caught big fishes because he had some doubts about the old man

D. the boy obeyed his father because he had some doubts about the old man

58. What might happen after the last paragraph?

A. The old man and the boy might go to fish with other fishermen.

B. The old man might go to have a drink with the boy.

C. The old man and the old might go to enjoy beer at the old man’s home.

D. The old man might go to tell the boy’s papa about the secrets between fishermen.

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