题目内容
Charlie Chaplin is irresistible (无法抵御) because he is one of the first and most enduring (持久的) movie
stars, because he quickly gained creative and financial control (创作权和财政权) of his movies, because he
invented such a fascinating (引人入胜的) series of comic (喜剧的) films, because he experienced such a
stormy personal life, and because his 40-year filmmaking career in the United States was such a rollercoaster
ride of boom and bust.
Every few weeks outside the movie theater in virtually any American town in the late 1910s,stood the life-
size card board figure of small tramp-outfitted in tattered (破旧的), baggy (肥大的) pants, a cutaway coat
and vest(背心), impossibly large, worn-out shoes, and a battered derby (扁顶) hat-bearing the inscription (印
象) "I am here today." An advertisement for a Charlie Chaplin film was a promise of happiness, of that precious,
almost shocking moment when art delivers what life cannot.
In a 1995 worldwide survey (调查) of film critics, Chaplin was voted the greatest actor in movie history.
He was the first, and to date the last, person to control every aspect of the filmmaking process-founding his
own studio, United Artists, with Douglas Fairbanks, Mary Pickford, and D.W. Griffith, and producing, casting
(演员挑选人), directing, writing, and editing the movies he starred in.
In the first decade of the twentieth century, when weekly movie going was a national habit, Chaplin more
or less invented global recognizability (世人的赞扬) and helped turn an industry into an art. In 1916, his third
year in films, his salary of $10 000 a week made him the highest paid actor-possibly the highest paid person-in
the world.
By 1920, "Chaplinitis" accompanied (伴随) by a flood of Chaplin dances, songs, dolls, comic books and
cocktails, was rampant. Filmmakers Mack Sennett thought him "just the greatest artist who ever lived". Other
early admirers included George Bernard Shaw, Marcel Proust, and Sigmund Freud. In 1923 Hart Crane, who
wrote a poem about Chaplin, said his pantomime"represents the futile gesture (无用的) of the poet today".
Later in the 1950s, Chaplin was one of the icons of the Beat Generation. From 1981 to 1987, IBM used the
Tramp as the logo to advertise its venture (冒险精神) into personal computers.
He has been called the single most influential artist in the history of motion pictures; certainly no other
movie star enjoyed the international, iconographic (象征性的) status (地位) he attained early in the silent era
and maintained (保持) well past the coming of sound. And certainly no other creative talent did as much as he
to elevate (提高) screen comedy to a high art.
of motion pictures?
In my view ____________________________________________________________________________
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| Advertising is a form of communication that uses all kinds of media, and is visible everywhere these days. Typical customers of advertising companies are other companies, or businessmen, who want to persuade potential customers to buy more of what they make or sell. But there are other kinds of customers. Some organizations spend large sums of money on advertising a political party or other group that sells what is not, strictly speaking, a product or service. Such non - profit organizations are not typical advertising customers, and they prefer ways of spreading knowledge, changing attitudes, and improving society. Many advertisements are designed to increase sales of products and services by either improving brand image or, in the case of non - profit organizations, expressing ideas. In order to achieve th~s, advertisements will often pass on truthful information while delivering their messages. Every major medium is a means of delivering these messages, including television, radio, cinema, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet and billboards (大幅广告牌). Advertising will usually be created and. placed by an advertising agency on behalf of company or other organization. Spending on advertising has increased greatly in recent years. In 2006, spending was estimated at $155 billion in the United States and $385 billion worldwide; the latter is expected to reach more than $500 billion by 2010. While advertising can be seen as a necessity for economic growth and social development, it is not without social costs. Advertisement emails and other forms of junk mail have become so popular that ~they have become a major burden to users of I nternet email services, as well as a financial burden on Internet email service providers.
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