City officials are hoping to use the power of dog droppings. San Franciscans already recycle more than 60% of their dogs’ droppings, but in this dog-friendly town, such wastes make up nearly 4% of re 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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City officials are hoping to use the power of dog droppings. San Franciscans already recycle more than 60% of their dogs’ droppings, but in this dog-friendly town, such wastes make up nearly 4% of residential waste, or 6,500 tons a year.

Within the next few months, Norcal Waste, a company that collects San Francisco’s wastes, will begin a trial program under which it uses biodegradable (生物分解的) bags and dog-waste carts to pick up droppings at a popular dog park.

The droppings will be thrown into a machine called a methane digester (沼气处理机), which is basically a tank in which bacteria feed on droppings for weeks to create methane gas.

The methane could then be piped directly to a gas stove, a steam heater, an air turbine or anything else powered by natural gas. It can also be used to produce electricity.

Someone doubts whether this plan is practical. But Norcal Waste spokesman, Robert Reed points to San Francisco’s creative food composting (混合肥料) program, which began 10 years ago. It is a proof that an unusual idea can work in this forward-thinking city. Norcal Waste collects 300 tons of food left over after meals per day from homes and restaurants and changes it into a rich fertilizer sold to grape farms and organic farms.

Methane digesters are nothing new. The technology was introduced in Europe about 20 years ago, and more than 600 farm-based digesters are in operation there. Nine are in use on California cow farms, and chicken and pig farms elsewhere in the United States also use them.

“The main obstacle is probably getting communities around the country the courage to collect dog droppings, to give value to something we’d rather not talk about,” Brinton, a recycling and composting consultant, said. “San Francisco is probably the king of pet cities. This could be an advantage of it, which is very important.”

Some other experts believe energy production from dog droppings must become more attractive economically before it gets popular. Landfill space is relatively cheap, and natural gas and electricity also remain fairly inexpensive. However, Reed said confidently, “Now, the city authorities asked us to look at dog waste specifically.”

61. How many dogs’ droppings can be recycled at present per year in San Francisco?

A. About 6,500 tons. B. About 169,000 tons.

C. About 260 tons. D. About 3,900 tons.

62. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. there are many pets that are treated well in San Francisco

B. Norcal Waste is a company of refuse (垃圾) treatment, which collects dog wastes only

C. most of the farms in Europe use Methane digesters

D. Brinton doesn’t feel optimistic about the collection of dog droppings in San Francisco

63. The underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 7 most probably means .

A. interest B. effect C. difficulty D. purpose

64. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. San Francisco is a city full of innovation.

B. Dog droppings can be changed into methane gas in several days.

C. It is the first time to utilize animal waste in San Francisco.

D. Utilizing dog droppings presently is more economical than the landfill.

65. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?

A. Animal wastes collection by Norcal Waste

B. Changing dog droppings into energy

C. Methane digester technology in San Francisco

D. A dog droppings composting program

【小题1】D

【小题2】A

【小题3】C

【小题4】A

【小题5】B

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the city lies the famous beautiful mountain.

A. 40 miles southeast of B. To 40 miles southeast of

C. Southeast 40 miles to D. To southeast 40 miles of

Strange things were happening in the 51 in northeast Hebei Province. For three days the 52 in the village wells rose and fell. Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep 53 in them. A smelly gas came out of the cracks. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jumped out of ponds. People saw bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could be heard outside Tangshan even when no 54 were in the sky. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed 55 that night.

At 3:42 am everything began to 56 . It seemed that the world was at an end! Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century 57 . It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometers away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters 58 cut across houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from holes in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen 59 seconds a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured during the 60 . Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. The 61 of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

But how could the 62 believe it was natural? Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. All of the city’s hospitals, 75% of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. No wind, however, could blow them away. Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for 63 . The railway tracks were now useless pieces of 64 . Tens of thousands of cows would never give 65 again. Half a million pigs and millions of chickens had died. Sand now filled the wells instead of water. People were 66 . Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were 67 to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.

All hope was not lost. The army sent 150,000 68 to Tangshan to help the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands of people were 69 . The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. To the north of the city, most of the 10.000 miners were rescued from the coalmines. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by train, truck and plane. Slowly, the city began to 70 again.

A. city B. school C. bookstore D. countryside

A. fish B. water C. pigs D. chicken

A. cracks B. holes C. pictures D. colours

A. cars B. truck C. ship D. planes

A. as usual B. as follows C. as to D. as for

A. run B. fly C. shake D. stop

A. ended B. continued C. began D. went

A. high B. wide C. round D. away

A. terrible B. lovely C. happy D. ordinary

A. meeting B. class C. rain D. earthquake

A. number B. house C. money D. goods

A. workers B. teachers C. survivors D. death

A. playing B. digging C. sleeping D. traveling

A. wood B. plastics C. steel D. paper

A. milk B. water C. Cola D. birth

A. pleased B. shocked C. frightened D. interested

A. hard B. easy C. ready D. expensive

A. volunteers B. soldiers C. farmers D. students

A. helped B. killed C. injured D. trapped

A. shake B. die C. build D. breathe

A boy came to a wise man living in a beautiful palace to learn about the secret of happiness. The wise man 31 with everyone in his palace, and the boy had to wait for long before his 32 . But the wise man told him he had no 33 to explain the secret of happiness then. He 34 the boy a teaspoon(茶匙) that held some drops of oil and said, “Please 35 the palace and return in two hours, but 36 this spoon without allowing the oil to spill (洒出).”

The boy wandered around, keeping his eyes 37 the spoon. After two hours, he returned.

“Well”, asked the wise man, “Did you see the wonderful 38 hanging in my dining hall? Did you see the 39 it took the gardener ten years to create? ”The boy’s 40 turned red. He said his only 41 was not to spill the oil.

“Then go back and 42 my palace”, said the wise man, “You cannot 43 a man if you don’t know his house”.

Relieved (放松下来),the boy picked up the 44 and returned to his exploration of the palace; this time observing all of the works of art and all the 45 in the garden. Upon returning to the wise man, he described in 46 everything he had seen.

“But where are the drops of oil I gave you?” asked the wise man. Looking 47 at the spoon he held, the boy saw the oil was 48 .

“Well, this is the only 49 I can give you”, said the wise man, “The secret of happiness is to see all the wonders of the world and 50 to forget the drops of oil on the spoon”.

A. argued B. talked C. fought D. played

A. duty B. place C. turn D. distance

A. time B. room C. ability D. idea

A. bought B. made C. lent D. handed

A. get through B. look around C. tear down D. build up

A. carry B. hide C. weigh D. test

A. covered with B. reminding of C. escaping from D. fixed on

A. designs of dishes B. works of art

C. vegetables of seasons D. carpets of colors

A. garden B. palace C. city D. hall

A. eyes B. hands C. face D. nose

A. business B. concern C. interest D. regret

A. find B. reach C. protect D. observe

A. trust B. greet C. cheat D. hate

A. chance B. spoon C. oil D. way

A. stones B. marks C. mystery D. beauty

A. trouble B. order C. detail D. return

A. down B. up C. over D. out

A .hot B. cold C. frozen D. gone

A. gift B. news C. advice D. reward

A. also B. even C. never D. always

Princeton University

Location

The University is in Princeton, New Jersey. It is an hour's train ride south of New York City and an hour's train ride north of Philadelphia.

Students

There are 4,600 undergraduates (本科生). There are also 1,900 post-graduate students, but Princeton is unusual among universities in having a student body made up largely of undergraduates.

Faculty

Princeton has about 700 full-time faculty members (教员). There are another 300 or so part -time and visiting faculty. All faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.

Degrees

Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees: the bachelor of arts (A.B.) degree and the bachelor of science in engineering (B.S.E.) degree.

Academic Year

An academic year runs from September to late May and lasts two terms (fall and spring). A normal course load is four or five courses per term, although many students take extra courses.

Residences

Princeton provides housing for all undergraduate students. Freshmen and second-year students are required to spend their first two years in one of five colleges. Each college has its own dining hall, common rooms and computer centers.

Fees and Expenses (Academic Year 2004-2005)

Tuition (学费): $29,910

Room and board: $ 8,387

Other expenses (books, telephone, etc.): $ 3,083

Total: $ 41,380

How many kinds of faculty members are there in Princeton University?

A. Four. B. Three. C. Two. D. One

In Princeton University, an undergraduate will pay at least ________ for the Academic

Year 2004-2005 besides tuition.

A. $11,470 B. $ 52,850 C. $ 41,380 D. $ 8, 387

In what way is Princeton University different from other American universities according to the text?

A. All the faculty members at Princeton are expected to teach and research.

B. It provides housing for all undergraduate students.

C. Its students are mainly undergraduates.

D. It has five colleges.

Which of the following is NOT true?

A. It's about an hour's train ride from Princeton University to the north of New York City.

B. Undergraduates should spend their first two years in one of five colleges.

C. An academic year lasts about nine months in Princeton University.

D. Princeton offers two undergraduate degrees.

Where do most writers get their ideas? For Yoshiko Uchida, it all began with Brownie, a five-month-old puppy. So excited was Yoshiko by Brownie’s arrival that she started keeping a journal, writing about all the wonderful things Brownie did and the progress he made.

Soon she was writing about other memorable events in her life, too, like the day her family got their first refrigerator. She also began writing stories, thanks to one of her teachers. Yoshiko wrote stories about animal characters such as Jimmy Chipmunk and Willie the Squirrel. She kept on writing, sharing the kitchen table with her mother, who wrote poems on scraps of paper and the backs of envelopes.

Yoshiko grew up in the 1930s in Berkeley, California. Her parents, both of whom had been born in Japan, provided a loving and happy home for Yoshiko and her sister. They also provided a stream of visitors to their home who later found their way into Yoshiko’s stories. One visitor who later appeared in several of Yoshiko’s stories was the bad-tempered Mr. Toga, who lived above the church that her family attended. Mr. Toga would scold anyone who displeased him. The children all feared him and loved to tell stories about how mean he was and how his false teeth rattled (咯咯响) when he talked.

Yoshiko also included in her stories some of the places she visited and the experiences she had. One of her favorite places was a farm her parents took her to one summer. The owners of the farm, showed Yoshiko and her sister how to pump water from the well and how to gather eggs in the henhouse. They fed the mules that later pulled a wagon loaded with hay while Yoshiko and the others rode in the back, staring up at the stars shining in the night sky. Yoshiko, who lived in the city, had never seen such a sight. As Yoshiko gazed up at the stars, she was filled with hope and excitement about her life. The images of that hayride stayed with her long after the summer visit ended, and she used them in several of her stories.

The experiences Yoshiko had and the parade of people who marched through her young life became a part of the world she created in over twenty books for young people, such as The Best Bad Thing and A Jar of Dreams. Because of such books, we can all share just a little bit of the world and the times in which this great writer grew up.

The author tells about Mr. Toga’s false teeth in Paragraph 3 in order to ____________.

A. show health care was not good enough in Berkeley during the 1930s

B. provide an interesting detail in Yoshiko’s life and stories

C. show Yoshiko’s young life was difficult and frightening

D. tell about a beloved relative who helped Yoshiko learn how to write

In Paragraph 4 “the stars” probably refer to ____________.

A. family relationships B. terrors in the night

C. limitless possibilities D. sacrifices to benefit others

What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?

A. Yoshiko loved to write about parades.

B. Yoshiko met many interesting people.

C. Yoshiko liked to go for long walks with others.

D. Yoshiko preferred to talk to her pets instead of to people.

What is the main idea of this story?

A. People who live in the city should spend as much time as they can in the country.

B. Writers like Yoshiko Uchida must communicate with as many writers as possible.

C. Those who move to the United States often miss their homelands for many years.

D. Writers like Yoshiko Uchida look to the richness of their lives for material.

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