题目内容

阅读理解。
     Green-space facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment.
Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject has to start with
the proof of this idea. At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than
on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of green-space in
the urban environment is a first step on the right way; this does not mean, however, that enough details
are known about the functions of greenspaces in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants (居民)
are using these spaces.
     The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been
used in town-and-country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate (不成比例的) attention
for forms of recreation far from home, whereas (但是) there was relatively little attention for improvement
of recreative possibilities in the direct neighborhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this
is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for
activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street door
of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design
of these has to be such that more obligatory(强制性的) activities can also have a recreative aspect.
     The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the
children cannot be allowed to play in the streets, because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping
you can nowhere find a spot of enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself
at home after the street door of your house is closed after you.
1. According to the author, the importance of greenspaces in the urban environment ____.
A. is still unknown
B. is being closely studied
C. is usually neglected
D. has been fully recognized
2. The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation has led to ____.
A. the disproportion of recreation facilities in the neighborhood
B. all of the recreation facilities far from home
C. relatively little attention for recreative possibilities
D. the improvement of recreative possibilities in the neighborhood
3. The author suggests that the recreative possibilities of greenspaces should be provided ____.
A. in special areas
B. in the suburbs
C. in the neighbourhood of the home
D. in gardens and parks
4. The author says "more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect" to ____.
A. suggest that obligatory activities don't need to serious
B. show that recreation activities are very important
C. show how recreation activities have spread wildly
D. suggest how to offer recreation activities around home
5. Why would someone only feel himself at home according to the last paragraph?
A. One lives the very best standard of living.
B. There are too many distractions outside his home.
C. There are few recreations around his house.
D. One needs the street door of his house to be opened always.
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阅读理解。
     A new weapon is on the way in the fight against smoking in Europe. Soon when smokers buy cigarettes,
they might see a shocking photo of a blackened lung or a cancer patient staring back at them from the packet.
     Some boys may think of smoking as cool and sexy. Their friends won't agree when they see their packets
of cigarettes lying on the table. The European Union announced on October 22, that it had chosen 42 photos
that showed the damage cigarettes could do to the body. It called on member nations to put these pictures on
packets to discourage young smokers. To catch the attention of teenagers, the special packets warn of
long-term medical dangers, like cancer. Short-term effects, like bad skin, are also on the list.
     "The true fact of smoking is disease, death and horror. That is the message we should send to the young,"
said David Byrne, an EU health official. "Hopefully these pictures will shock students out of their love for
cigarettes."
     The EU head office hoped the pictures would work better than current written warnings on packs of
cigarettes. The warning included "smoking kills" and "smoking can lead to a slow and painful death."
     So far, Ireland and Belgium have shown interest in the photos. Canada has used similar pictures and
warnings on cigarette packs since 2000. The country has recently seen a fall in the number of smokers.
According to studies, smoking is the single biggest cause of avoidable death in EU. Every year more than
650,000 smokers die, more than one person a minute.
1. What would be the best title for the text?
A. New Ways to Stop Smoking.
B. Pictures to Shock Smokers.
C. New Packers of Cigarettes. 
D. Dangers of Smoking.
2. We can learn from the test that _____.
A. The EU countries have put the new warning method into practice
B. only a small number of the EU countries have used the new warning method
C. the new warning method has worked in some EU countries
D. countries in the EU still use the old warning method
3. Which country is most successful in stopping smoking?
A. Ireland.
B. Belgium.
C. Canada.
D. EU
4. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph suggests that _____.
A. It's hard to stop smoking in EU
B. deaths caused by smoking could have been avoided
C. smoking is the biggest cause of deaths in EU
D. EU has the largest number of deaths caused by smoking
阅读理解。
     To get an extra 14 years of life, don't smoke, eat lots of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly
and drink alcohol in a proper amount. That is according to a study published this Monday in the Public
Library of Science Medicine Journal.
     After tracking more than 20,000 people aged 45-79 years in the United Kingdom from about
1993-2007, Kay-Tee, Khaw of the University of Cambridge and his colleagues found that people who
adopted these four healthy habits lived an average of 14 years longer than those who didn't.
     "We've known for a long time that these behaviors are good things to do, but we've not seen this
benefit before," said Susan Jebb, head of Nutrition and Health at Britain's Medical Research Council."The
benefit was also seen regardless of whether or not people were fat and what social class they came from."
     Study participants (参与者) scored a point each for not smoking, regular physical activity, eating five
servings of fruits and vegetables a day and moderate alcohol intake.
     Public health experts said they hoped the study would inspire governments to introduce policies helping
people to adopt these changes. But because the study only observed people rather than testing specific
changes, it would be impossible to conclude that people who suddenly adopted these healthy behaviours
would surely gain 14 years.
     "We can't say that any person could gain 14 years by doing these things," said Doctor Tim Armstrong,
a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization." The 14 years is an average across the
population of what's theoretically (理论上) possible."
     "Most people know that things like a good diet matter and that smoking is not good for them", Susan
Jebb said,"We need to work on providing people with much more practical support to help them change."
1. Which of the following doesn't belong to the four healthy habits?
A. Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day.
B. Doing proper exercise in the morning every day.
C. Having a cigarette before going to bed every day.
D. Drinking alcohol in the proper amount every day.
2. We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. the study observed people as well as tested specific changes
B. Susan Jebb did not take part in the study
C. there is no need for people under 45 adopt these good habits
D. only those from first class can benefit from these healthy behaviours
3. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Governments should take measures to help people change their bad habits.
B. People aged 45-79 have bad habits in the United Kingdom.
C. All the people are well aware of the harm of their bad habits.
D. People have adopted the four healthy habits after knowing they're good.
4. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Smoking and Drinking Cuts You 14 Years
B. Healthy Habits Could Gain You Extra 14 years
C. A New Way of Keeping Healthy
D. Smoking and Drinking Harms Your Health
阅读理解。
     If international leaders were as united as the scientific community on climate change, global warming might
be a thing of the past. "The world's scientists have spoken clearly and with one voice," UN Secretary General
Ban Ki Moon said, "I expect the world's policymakers to act the same."
     Unfortunately, the global political community is a long way from speaking with one voice on anything, and
climate change is no exception. We'll know for sure next week,when environment and energy ministers from
around the world meet on the Indonesian island of Bali for the UN's climate change conference. The summit
(首脑会议) has been held nearly every year since 1992, when the UNFCCC (《联合国气候变化框架公约》)-
the document that has since guided international work on global warming-was agreed on. It was at the 1997
conference that the Kyoto Protocol was passed, but since then, there has been little progress.
     This year's talks will be the most important international environmental discussions in over a decade. The
Kyoto Protoco-which requires developed nations who have agreed on the solution to cut their greenhouse gas
emissions (排放) to about 5% below their 1990 levels by 2012-comes to an end in just five years. The world
needs to begin immediately at Bali the process of preparing another document like Kyoto to be ready by the
end of 2012. Otherwise, we'll be faced with a global vacuum (真空状态), just at the very moment when
greenhouse emissions must begin falling in order to avoid dangerous climate change.
     The good news is that, just last week,150 top global corporations approved a request calling for necessary
cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, a business position that was unthinkable just a year ago. Australia-a Kyoto
holdout, like the U.S.-has just elected a new prime minister with a strong environmental record who says he'll
support the protocol. The U.S. Congress and representatives have also stepped in and taken their own steps
on climate change.
     "There is a building sense that enough time has been wasted and that it is time to act," said Jennifer
Haverkamp, international counsel for Environmental Defense.
1. The passage was written to tell us that _____.
A. developed countries should cut their greenhouse gas emissions
B. international leaders should be united to work on climate change
C. greenhouse emissions are beginning to fall to avoid global warming
D. there has been little progress since the Kyoto Protocol was passed
2. This year's talks will be the most important international environmental discussions in over a decade
    because _____.
A. no such summit will be held again before the end of 2012
B. people in the world have been faced with a global vacuum
C. the solution in the Kyoto Protocol isn't practical and it isn't in effect now
D. a new document needs to be prepared before the Kyoto Protocol ends
3. The underlined word "holdout" in paragraph 4 probably means _____. 
A. one supporting to do something
B. one saying something may happen
C. one keeping on doing something
D. one keeping refusing to do something
4. Which is the correct order,according to the events in the passage?
    a. The Kyoto Protocol was passed.
    b. The Kyoto Protoco1 will come to an end.
    c. The first summit was held and the UNFCCC was agreed on.
    d. The UN's climate change conference will be held on the island of Bali.
    e. 150 top global corporations approved a request calling for cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
A. c-a-e-d-b
B. e-d-c-b-a
C. c-a-b-d-e
D. a-c-d-e-b
5. What we can infer from the passage is that _____.
A. the ex-prime minister of Australia was against the Kyoto Protocol
B. leaders will soon unite in acting and no time will be wasted in talking
C. Ban Ki Moon expects the world's policymakers to act like scientists
D. international leaders will speak clearly with one voice at the Bali summit
阅读理解。
     All too often, a choice that seems sustainable (可持续的) turns out on closer examination to be problematic.
Probably the best example is the rush to produce ethanol (乙醇) for fuel from corn. Corn is a renewable
resource-you can harvest it and grow more, almost limitlessly. So replacing gas with corn ethanol seems like
a great idea.
     One might get a bit more energy out of the ethanol than that used to make it, which could still make ethanol
more sustainable than gas generally, but that's not the end of the problem. Using corn to make ethanol means
less corn is left to feed animals and people, which drives up the cost of food. That result leads to turning the
fallow land -including, in some cases, rain forest in places such as Brazil-into farmland, which in turn gives
off lots of carbon dioxide (CO) into the air. Finally, over many years, the energy benefit from burning ethanol
would make up for the forest loss. But by then, climate change would have progressed so far that it might not
help.
     You cannot really declare any practice "sustainable" until you have done a complete life-cycle analysis of its
environmental (环境的) costs. Even then, technology and public keep developing, and that development can
lead to unforeseen and undesired results. The admirable goal of living sustainably requires plenty of thought on
an ongoing basis.
1. What might directly cause the loss of the forest according to the text?
A. The growing demand for energy to make ethanol
B. The increasing carbon dioxide in the air
C. The greater need for farmland
D. The big change in weather.
2. The underlined word "it" in the second paragraph refers to "_____."
A. the energy benefit
B. the forest loss
C. climate change
D. burning ethanol
3. The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is _____.
A. impractical
B. acceptable
C. admirable
D. useless
4. What does the author mainly discuss in the text?
A. Technology
B. Sustainability
C. Ethanol energy
D. Environmental protection
阅读理解。
(I)
     Recently, a solar powered plane took to the sky for the first time. It had passed an important test on the
way to travel around the world.
     The plane took off from an airport in Switzerland at 45 km an hour It slowly rose above the fields and
into the sky. During the 90-minute flight, the plane did several turns. It climbed nearly l.6 km above the
countryside.
     Engineers plan to test a night flight before July. Then they will use the results of the tests to build a second
plane. They plan to travel around the world in that plane in 2012. The plane flies at 70 km an hour. That is
faster than a bike and slower than a car. The pilots will keep the plane in the air for up to five days at a time.
(II)
     Cities and states with more sidewalks and bike paths tend to have slimmer residents than locations where
people must rely on vehicle transportation, according to a new study.
     The study shows active travel has significant health benefits, people who live in areas that are more
conductive (有益的) to walking and cycling are more likely 'to engage in these forms of active transport.
Researchers analyzed data from all 50 US states and 47 largest US cities, along with international data from
14 countries. Results showed that walking and cycling rates could explain more than half of the differences
in obesity rates among countries.
     The US doesn't measure up well in the study, coming in at No. 12 out of 14 0n percent-age of trips adults
take by bike or on foot. Australia came in last.
     The researchers suggest that in addition to infrastructure (基础设施) improvements, cities and states
should create restrictions on car use, such as car-free zones, reductions in motor vehicle speeds, and limit
more expensive car parking.
1. What information can we get from the first passage?
A. The first flight of the plane last 90 minutes.
B. The second plane will be bigger and fly faster.
C. The plane will fly for at most five hours at a time.
D. The plane uses no fuel and goes faster than a car.
2. The main purpose of the second passage is to _____.
A. promote a new way of car traveling
B. teach us how to keep residents slimmer
C. tell us people in "active cities" are slimmer
D. compare the living level of developed countries
3. It can be inferred from the second passage that _____.
A. Americans would take trips by car rather than by bike or on foot
B. all the US states and largest cities are involved with this survey
C. more expensive car parking can contribute to improve infrastructure
D. the number of bikes in Australia may be the greatest of the 14 countries
4. Which column of a newspaper may the two passages come from?
A. Food and Safety.
B. Science and health.
C. Culture and Communication.
D. Sports and Entertainment.
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
     Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys
spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
     Body image is a person's opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 1.____
You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections. 
     2.____ Here are some ideas:
     Recognize your strengths. Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well?
Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be
basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like
drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing acting. 3.____.
     Exercise regularly. Exercise can help you look good and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形)
don't just happen 4.____. A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week.
Working out can also lift your spirits.
     Respect your body! Practicing good habits-regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin;
wearing clean clothes, and so on-can help you build a positive body image. 
     5.____ You body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit (智慧), and all the
other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over.
A. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you're good at.
B. Be yourself.
C. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.
D. Just explore talents that you feel good about.
E. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.
F. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?
阅读理解。
     Jim suffered heart problems. In conversation he expressed little joy and it seemed that his life was drawing
to a close.
     When his heart problems led to operation, Jim went through it successfully, and a full recovery was
expected. Within days, however, his heart was not beating properly. Jim was rushed back to operation, but
nothing was found to explain the cause of his illness. He died on the operating table on the day before his 48th
birthday.
     Dr. Bruce Smoller, a psychologist, had had many conversations with him, and the more he learned, the
stranger he realized Jim's case was. When Jim was a child, his father, a teacher, suffered a heart attack and
stayed home to recover. One morning Jim asked his father to look over his homework, promising to come
home from school at noon to pick it up. His father agreed, but when Jim returned his father had died. Jim's
father was 48.
     "I think all his life Jim believed he killed his father," Dr. Smoller says. "He felt that if he had not asked him
to look at his homework, his father would have lived. Jim had been troubled by the idea. The operation was
the trial he had expected for forty years."Smoller believes that Jim willed himself not to live to the age of 48.
     Jim's case shows the powerful role that attitude plays in physical health, and that childhood experiences
produce far-reaching effect on the health of grown-ups. Although most cases are less direct than Jim's, studies
show that childhood events, besides genes, may well cause such midlife diseases as cancer, heart disease and
mental illness.
1. Jim was sent back to operation because _____.
[     ]
A. his heart didn't work well
B. he expected a full recovery
C. his life was drawing to a close
D. the first one wasn't well performed
2. What made Dr. Smoller feel strange about Jim's case?
[     ]
A. Jim died at a young age.
B. Jim died on the operating table.
C. Both Jim and his father died of the same disease.
D. Jim's death is closely connected with his father's.
3. From Smoller's words, we can infer that _____.
[     ]
A. Jim's father cared little about his study
B. Smoller agreed that Jim did kill his father
C. Jim thought he would be punished some day
D. Smoller believed Jim wouldn't live to the age of 48
4. Which of the following could have strong effect on one's physical health according to the text?
    a. One's genes.
    b. One's life in childhood.
    c. One's physical education.
    d. The date of one's birthday.
    e. The opinions one has about something.
[     ]
A. a, b, d
B. a, b, e
C. a, c, e
D. b, c, d
5. Which of the following is true?
[     ]
A. Both Jim and his father died at the age of 48.
B. Jim often asked his father to do his homework.
C. Jim was believed to kill his father.
D. Most childhood events can cause cancer, heart disease and mental illness.

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