Lack of sleep can make you fat, while getting enough of it may prevent obesity . Many researches from Columbia University in New York found that you can lose more weight while you are sleeping, if you 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

Lack of sleep can make you fat, while getting enough of it may prevent obesity (肥胖症). Many researches from Columbia University in New York found that you can lose more weight while you are sleeping, if you get enough sleep. A study of more than 6,000 people showed that adequate sleep at night protected them against obesity. On the other hand, lack of sleep promoted obesity. Obesity rates were 73 percent higher in people who slept only two to four hours per night compared to normal sleepers and 23 percent greater in people who got only six hours of sleep.

Inadequate sleep activates the appetite control center in the hypothalamus (in the lower part of the brain) and influences hormones that make you hungrier. Sleeping deprivation (剥夺)decreases physical and mental performance and puts the brakes on your training program. The National Sleep Foundation recommends establishing regular sleep patterns to help you get the rest you need. Avoid common causes of insomnia, such as drinking coffee before bedtime, worrying about money or relationships late at night, or watching disturbing TV shows in the evening.

Taking a short 20-minute nap (小睡) or exercising late in the afternoon will help you sleep at night. Establish healthy sleep patterns by going to bed at the same time each night and don’t turn on any light bulb in your bedroom while you are sleeping. Get exposed to light in the morning. The above tips will help you establish (建立) normal sleep-wakeful cycles. See a sleep specialist if you suffer from insomnia or sleep apnea (temporary absence of breathing during sleep).

53. What would be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of proper sleep

B. Lose weight by getting enough sleep

C. How to have sound sleep

D. Lack of sleep can do you great harm

54. If you have inadequate sleep, you will _____.

A. feel bored with life

B. have less appetite for food

C. fail to work as efficiently as usual

D. not feel like working

55. Which of the following can help us improve our sleep quality?

A. Exposure to light in the morning.

B. Going to sleep very early every day.

C. Watching lots of interesting TV shows.

D. Taking a short nap just before sleep.

本文是说明文。适当的睡眠可以帮助减肥，而睡眠不足可以导致肥胖。

53. B。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍充足的睡眠可以帮助减肥，并介绍了如何拥有充足的睡眠，因此B项作为文章的标题最佳。

54. C。细节理解题。由文章第二段Sleeping deprivation decreases physical and mental performance and puts the brakes on your training program可知，睡眠不足会导致人们在体力和智力方面表现不佳。

55. A。细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，早上见到光亮可以使我们形成好的睡眠规律。

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The World Health Organization says obesity rates are rising in Pacific island countries. So, too, are health problems linked to being overweight.
The WHO says a major reason for the rising obesity rates is an increase in imported foods. It says many Pacific islanders have replaced their traditional diets of vegetables and fruits with imported processed foods.
Dr.Temu Waqanivalu is with the World Health Organization’s South Pacific office in Suva, Fiji.He says many of the imported products lack nutritional value.
Temu Waqanivalu said: “In some of the places, you’d be amazed to see how a bottle of Coke is cheaper than a bottle of water. I think that represents the kind of offenvironment we’ve created that doesn’t really encourage or make lifestyle choices an easy choice for the population.”
And a lack of physical activity among many Pacific islanders only adds to the obesity problem.
The WHO says more than 50 percent of the population is overweight in at least ten Pacific island countries. The rate is as high as 80 percent among women in the territory（领地）of American Samoa. Fiji had the lowest obesity rate at 30 percent.
In all, almost ten million people live in Pacific island countries. The WHO estimates that about 40 percent of them have health disorders related to diet and nutrition.
Diabetes（糖尿病）rates are among the highest in the world. Forty-seven percent of the people in American Samoa have diabetes. So do 44 percent of the people in Tokelau, a territory of New Zealand.
By comparison, the diabetes rate is 13 percent in the United States, a country that has its own problems with rising obesity.
Officials also note an increase in nutritional problems like anemia and not enough vitamin A in the diets of Pacific islanders. Dr. Waqanivalu says treating conditions related to obesity and diet puts pressure on limited health resources and budgets.
【小题1】The main reason why obesity rates are rising in many Pacific islanders is ________.

A．the change of society

B．the change of eating habits

C．the change of life style

D．lack of exercise

【小题2】Imported products lack nutritional value but people love to buy them because they are ________.

【小题3】How many people living in Pacific island countries have health disorders?

【小题4】The percentage of diabetes rates in American Samoa is ________.

Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor（接任者）to Lawrence Summers .
The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.
“This is a great day, and a historic day for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated teacher, and a wonderful human being.”
Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.
Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues.
Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.

1,3,5

Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania.

“Teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she’s so solid.”
【小题1】Which might be the best title for the passage?

A．Harvard named its 1st female president.

B．History of Harvard University changed.

C．Debates on female equality ended

D．Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.

【小题2】Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?

A．She is the 28th president of Harvard University.

B．She is a famous scholar from the American South.

C．She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University

D．She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.

【小题3】Lawrence Summers held the view that .

A．women cannot achieve as much as men in management

B．women cannot hold important positions in society

C．women can match men in science jobs

D．few women make top scientists owing to genes

【小题4】The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means .

【小题5】This passage probably appears in a .

Harvard University named historian Drew Gilpin Faust as its first female president on Sunday, ending a lengthy and secretive search to find a successor to Lawrence Summers.
The seven-member Harvard Corporation elected Faust, a noted scholar on History of the American South and dean of Harvard’s Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, as the university’s 28th president.
“This is a great day, and a historic day, for Harvard,” James R. Houghton, chairman of the presidential search committee, said in a statement. “Drew Faust is an inspiring and accomplished leader, a superb scholar, a dedicated teacher, and a wonderful human being.”
Her selection is noteworthy given the heated debates over Summers’ comments that genetic differences between the sexes might help explain the lack of women in top science jobs.
Faust has been dean of Radcliffe since 2001, two years after the former women’s college was combined into the university as a research center with a mission to study gender issues.
Some professors have quietly groused that the 371-year-old university is appointing a fifth president who is not a scientist. No scientist has had the top job since James Bryant Conant retired in 1953; its last four have come from the fields of classics, law, literature and economics.
Faust is the first Harvard president who did not receive a degree from the university since Charles Chauncy, a graduate of Cambridge University, who died in office in 1762. She attended the University of Pennsylvania.
“Teaching staff turned to her constantly,” said Sheldon Hackney, a former president of the University of Pennsylvania and historian who worked closely with Faust. “She’s very clear. She has a sense of humor, but she’s very strong-minded. You come to trust in her because she’s so solid.”
【小题1】Which might be the best title for the passage?

A．Harvard named its first female president.

B．History of Harvard University changed.

C．Debates on female equality ended.

D．Drew Gilpin Faust, a famous woman historian.

【小题2】Which is NOT true about Drew Gilpin Faust?

A．She is the 28th president of Harvard University.

B．She is a famous scholar from the American South.

C．She isn’t a graduate from Harvard University.

D．She was head of Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study.

【小题3】The underlined word “groused” in the 6th paragraph means____ .

【小题4】This passage probably appears in a____ .

Tears came into this mother’s eyes when she talked about waking up her son. Every morning, her ten-year-old boy puts up one finger with his eyes still closed, begging for one more minute to sleep.

Why is he so sleepy? Because, like thousands of student “early birds” in China, he has to get up before 6 a.m. every morning.

School students usually need eight to ten hours’ sleep a night. But in Shanghai, it’s reported that 90% of the students do not get enough sleep. And studies show that without a good night’s sleep, students seem to be weaker than they should be. Many become near-sighted as a result.

Li Ming, a student at Qinghua High School, said that he usually goes to bed after 11 p.m. But when he has exams coming up, he can stay up as late as midnight. This “night bird” lifestyle has made many students nod off in class. Li Ming said that it is during afternoon classes that he feel most sleepy. “My parents are usually happy to see me studying so late,” he said. “They think I work very hard and they make me cups of coffee.”

However, not all parents are happy about this. “My daughter gets up so early. She looks tired and it really hurts me.” said one of the parents. Why don’t so many students get enough sleep? Now many members of society began to think about it.

1.Why did the ten-year-old boy’s mother talk about waking up her son with tears in her eyes?

A. Because her son’s lack of sleep hurt her but she had to wake him up.

B. Because her son wasn’t good at lessons.

C. Because she thought her son was too lazy.

D. Because her son was badly ill.

2.Which is NOT the result of lack of sleep?

A. The body’s weakness. B. Nodding off in class.

C. Near-sighted eyes. D. Poor academic developments.

3.How does Li Ming’s mother feel to see him studying late?

A. Sorry. B. Worried. C. Not unhappy. D. Angry.

4.Which one is True according to the passage?

A. All the parents hope their children stay up.

B. No students complain about their lack of sleep.

C. Most students watch TV or play computer games deep into night.

D. Some parents are worried about the fact that most of the students don’t have enough sleep.

In 1982, Steven Callahan was crossing the Atlantic alone in his sailboat when it struck something and sank．He got into a life boat, but his supplies were 21 ．His chances of surviving were small． 22 when three fishermen found him 76 days later, he was alive —much 23 than he was when he started, but alive．

His 24 of how he survived is fascinating．His cleverness —how he 25 to catch fish, how he evaporated（蒸发） sea water to 26 fresh water—is very interesting．

But the thing that 27 my eye was how he managed to keep himself going when all hope seemed lost, and there seemed no 28 in continuing the struggle．He was starved and 29 worn-out．Giving up would have seemed the only possible choice．

When people 30 these kinds of circumstances, they do something with their minds that gives them the courage to keep going．Many people in 31 desperate circumstances 32 in or go mad．Something the survivors do with their thoughts helps them find the courage to carry on 33 difficulties．

"I tell myself I can 34 it," wrote Callahan in his book．-Compared to what others have been through, I'm fortunate．I tell myself these things over and over, 35 up courage．．．"

I wrote that down after 1 read it．It 36 me as something important．And I've told myself the same thing when my own goals seemed 37 off or when my problems seemed too terrible．And every time I've said it, I have always come back to my 38 ．

The truth is, our circumstances are only bad 39 to something better．But others have been through the much worse, that is, in comparison with what others have been through, you're fortunate．Tell this to yourself over and over again, and it will help you 40 through the rough situations with a little more courage．

1.A．full B．rich C．few D．enough

2.A．And B．Yet C．Still D．Thus

3.A．thinner B．stronger C．worse D．healthier

4.A．attitude B．assumption C．instruction D．account

5.A．assisted B．tended C．managed D．intended

6.A．make B．absorb C．select D．replace

7.A．attacked B．caught C．froze D．cheated

8.A．operation B．taste C．message D．point

9.A．firmly B．completely C．hardly D．generally

10.A．deal B．defend C．survive D．observe

11.A．similarly B．differently C．gradually D．commonly

12.A．pull B．take C．break D．give

13.A．for the lack of B．in the face of C．in exchange for D．as a result of

14.A．handle B．carry C．follow D．inspect

15.A．rolling B．using C．building D．making

16.A．defeated B．recommended C．introduced D．struck

17.A．far B．long C．ever D．even

18.A．feelings B．senses C．ideas D．influences

19.A．related B．measured C．contributed D．compared

20.A．see B．cut C．get D．think

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