题目内容
of the world's water too salty to salty to be drunk or be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of
water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems
strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world's agricultural industries
experience constant water shortages.
Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of
water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is
also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost
and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be
transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of
its own water to supply its farming requirements.
This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉).
In Texas, farmers' overuse of irrigation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the
Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry
valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.
Saudi Arabia's attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping of huge quantities of irrigation
(灌溉) water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas,such reserves can only
decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.
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| Advertising is a form of communication that uses all kinds of media, and is visible everywhere these days. Typical customers of advertising companies are other companies, or businessmen, who want to persuade potential customers to buy more of what they make or sell. But there are other kinds of customers. Some organizations spend large sums of money on advertising a political party or other group that sells what is not, strictly speaking, a product or service. Such non - profit organizations are not typical advertising customers, and they prefer ways of spreading knowledge, changing attitudes, and improving society. Many advertisements are designed to increase sales of products and services by either improving brand image or, in the case of non - profit organizations, expressing ideas. In order to achieve th~s, advertisements will often pass on truthful information while delivering their messages. Every major medium is a means of delivering these messages, including television, radio, cinema, magazines, newspapers, video games, the Internet and billboards (大幅广告牌). Advertising will usually be created and. placed by an advertising agency on behalf of company or other organization. Spending on advertising has increased greatly in recent years. In 2006, spending was estimated at $155 billion in the United States and $385 billion worldwide; the latter is expected to reach more than $500 billion by 2010. While advertising can be seen as a necessity for economic growth and social development, it is not without social costs. Advertisement emails and other forms of junk mail have become so popular that ~they have become a major burden to users of I nternet email services, as well as a financial burden on Internet email service providers.
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