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The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for ______ he could find about Mark Twain.

A. wherever B. whatever C. however D. whichever

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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Long, long ago people couldn’t write and they had no books. But they had stories. People learned the stories by heart and taught new ones to one another. Sometimes it was hard to remember them all. __1.______

The ancient Egyptians wrote their stories on something made from papyrus (纸沙草) plants. People in other places learned to use papyrus from the Egyptians. _____2.____ So, parchment (羊皮纸), made from goatskin, later took its place.

In ancient China books looked a little different. People there used ink to write on bamboo or silk. And then they invented paper. Made of trees, paper was easier and cheaper to make than papyrus or parchment. ______3.______ Papermaking later spread to the West, but there was a big problem with these early books. Every single one had to be copied and written by hand.

______4.____ They carved (雕刻) a page of words into a piece of wood or stone. They could then print the page by spreading ink on the wood or stone and putting it against paper. But it wasn’t until a German printer invented movable, metal letters that books became fast and easy to make. The letters could be used to print copy after copy, and the letters put together again and again to print different pages of words.

______5.____ Once a luxury (奢侈品) only the rich could buy, they soon became a treasure everyone could enjoy.

A. But papyrus grew mainly in Egypt.

B. It took years to finish making just one book.

C. Finally books could be printed by the thousands.

D. Things grew a little easier when writing was invented.

E. Its surface was smoother and better for writing on too.

F. Books in the West didn’t change for a long time after that.

G. The Chinese were the first to think of a way to speed things up a little.

Summer camps for children of all ages are being offered in 2016 by Extended Studies at the University of Nevada. Reno (UNR). Registration for camp sessions (时间段) is available online and also by phone.

Kids University

June 16 - August 1, 2016. Kids University is a summer day camp for kids entering 2nd through 8th grades and features week-long camp sessions in the arts, writing, science, math, literature, history, web design, cultural exploration, sports and games, and many more. There are both full-day and half-day sessions. Fees (费用) are from $140-$160 per week. The phone numbers is (800) 233-8926. Sessions are Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 5:30 pm.

Wolf Pack Sports Camps

June - August, 2016. Summer Wolf Pack Sports Camps are offered for 9th through twelfth grade children. The camps are hosted by Nevada Wolf Pack coaching teachers and players. The sports offered include baseball, basketball, football, soccer, softball, track and field, and volleyball. Full-day, half-day, and overnight Wolf Pack camps are available. Time tables and fees vary with each camp. Visit Nevada Wolf Pack camps for details, session descriptions, and registration information, or call (775) 784-4050.

Lake Tahoe Music Camp

July 6 - 12, 2016. The 59th Lake Tahoe Music Camp invites middle school through high school student musicians to participate in a week of music-making, workshops, performances and fun, The camp is led by award-winning UNR teachers and local educators, professional jazz musicians and more. The fee is $550 per camper. Information is available online or by calling (775) 784-4046.

Learn more about other camp information like Girl Scout Camp, etc by calling (800) 233-8928. Because of limited space, registrations are accepted on a first-come, first-served basis.

1.If a kid has many interests, he will probably participate in ___________

A. Wolf Pack Sports Camps B. Girl Scout Camp

C. Kids University D. Lake Tahoe Music Camp

2.It can be inferred from Wolf Pack Sports Camps that ___________

A it lasts for a month

B. it offers six kinds of sports

C. it is fit for kids who have time at night

D. its fees are very high

3. The music camp will invite middle and high school students __________

A. who only like to listen to music

B. who have never learned music

C. whose dream is to become a musician

D. who are expert in music

4.If you need the information about Girl Scout Camp, you' ll call __.

A. (775) 784-4050 B. (800) 233-8928

C. (775) 784-4046 D. (800) 233-8926

Loneliness is like a disease, and what's worse, it's contagious．It can spread from one person to another, according to the recent research that stresses the power of one person's emotions to affect even people he doesn’t know．

The new analysis, involving 4,793 people who were interviewed every two years between 2005 and 2015, showed that a friend of a lonely person was 52％ more likely to develop feelings of loneliness by the time of the next interview．A friend of that person was 25％ more likely, and a friend of a friend of a friend was 15％ more likely．

“Loneliness is not just the property of an individual．It can be transmitted across people—even people you don't have direct contact with,” said John T．Cacioppo, a psychologist of the University of Chicago who led the study published in the December issue of the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology．

Loneliness has been linked to medical problems, including depression, sleep problems and generally poorer physical health．Identifying some of the causes could help reduce the emotion and improve health, experts said．

Although the study did not examine how loneliness spreads, Cacioppo said another research has provided clues．“Let's say for whatever reason you get lonely．You then interact with other people in a more negative fashion．That puts them in a negative mood and makes them more likely to interact with other people in a negative fashion and they minimize their social ties and become lonely,” Cacioppo said．

According to Cacioppo, loneliness spread more easily among women than men, perhaps because women were more likely to express emotions．

Lonely people become less and less trusting others．This makes it more and more difficult for them to make friends－and more likely that society will reject them．Therefore, it is important to recognize and deal with loneliness．Cacioppo emphasizes people who have been pushed to the edges of society should receive help to repair their social networks．

1. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ______.

A. Loneliness is actually a kind of disease．

B. More and more people are suffering from loneliness.

C. Loneliness spreads in social networks．

D. Emotions are only transmitted between friends.

2.According to Cacioppo, lonely people________．

A. will probably be deserted by society

B. are more likely to trust others

C. are less likely to be rejected by friends

D. rely heavily on others

3.The word “minimize” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”.

A. increase B. keep

C. create D. reduce

4.Which should lonely people do to get rid of loneliness?

A. Refuse the help given by others.

B. Admit and try to solve it.

C. Interact with others more negatively.

D. Express emotions more often.

After the quarrel, I tried to fix the misunderstanding between us, but all my efforts seemed ______.

A. in need B. in peace C. in vain D. in trouble

Exactly ______ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

A. whether B. why C. how D. when

The origins of the apple tree are in Asia. We know that 8,500 years ago apples were being grown and eaten in ancient Jericho, a city near the Jordan River. In some parts of the ancient world apples could only be afforded by royalty (王室成员) and their courts, and were a popular dessert as long ago as 4,500 years. Now the apple is the most popular fruit in the world.

You probably know that there’s a tradition for students to bring shiny apples to their favorite teachers. But why?

No one knows for sure. The idea of "an apple for the teacher" has been with us since the late 1800s. Perhaps the custom grew out of the fact that apples are ripe (成熟的) in September, when the school year usually begins. In earlier times, students, particularly those in rural areas, could pick apples from trees on their way to school. They were easy gifts for children to give.

However, the lovely practice took on a dark note if the other children thought the gift-giver was trying to buy the teacher into giving him or her better grades. "Apple polisher" came to mean someone who tries to please a superior (上级) in return for special treatment. It was a popular college slang (俚语) term in the 1920s, but the term isn’t used much any more.

It’s true that apples can be very attractive. The apple is America’s favorite fruit, as shown in the phrase, "as American as Mom and apple pie".

After all, who ever says, "A banana a day keeps the doctor away" or "You’re the banana of my eye"? And who brings a banana to his or her teacher? Nobody.

1.What do we learn about the apple from the passage?

A. It has been popular worldwide since 8,500 years ago.

B. It has been a popular dessert for about 4,500 years.

C. The origins of the apple tree are in America.

D. Everyone could enjoy this fruit in the ancient world.

2.Why did students give their teachers apples?

A. Apples were ripe when the school year began.

B. Apples were the most popular fruit.

C Apples were expensive enough as gifts.

D. Teachers liked to get apples from students.

3.Which of the following is TRUE about the phrase "apple polisher"?

A. It is used to praise someone for his / her performance.

B. It is still as popular nowadays as before.

C. It may mean something good or bad, depending on the situation.

D. It refers to someone who wants to please a leader.

4.What do we learn from the last two paragraphs?

A. Apples are related to mothers in America.

B .Apple is a popular word, and used in many phrases.

C. Apples are attractive because of many stories.

D. Nobody wants to use the word banana.

下面文章中有3处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项（A、B、C和D）中选出符合各段意思的小标题，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

How to control embarrassing moments

Have you ever done something embarrassing? At that moment, you probably wished you could disappear into air. Good news? You can keep the damage to the minimum. Here’s some help.

1.

You are staring at a handsome boy so hard that you walk into a wall. You dropped all your books. The best thing you can do? If you’re not hurt seriously, laugh it off. Say like “Hey, I can teach you to do that if you want to!” By laughing at yourself, you show people you’re confident and still in control of the situation.

2.

Some situations are not suitable for laughing off. Your underwear falls out of your backpack. You pass gas while giving a speech. Making a joke would call more attention to what happened. What now? You can just pretend nothing happened and go on what you were doing, or you can say “Oh, that was awkward” and then move on.

3.

Some embarrassing situations may embarrass yourself and make someone else feel bad. You imitate (模仿) your teacher’s accent just as the teacher walks in. Making a joke or running away won’t make you look better. Instead, apologize, “I’m so sorry about that.” It may make things right again.

A. Apologize

B. Move on

C. Laugh it off

D. Run away

阅读下列短文,从短文后所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The ________ is that countries around the world have growing mountains of _______ because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.

How did we _______ a throwaway society?First of all,it is now easier to _______an object than to spend time and money to repair it. _______ modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and _______.

Another cause is our _______of disposable(一次性的) products.As _______ people, we are always looking for _______ to save time and make our lives easier.Companies _______ thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and cameras,to name a few.

Our appetite for new products also _______to the problem.We are _______ buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that _______ is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we _______ useful possessions to make room for new ones.

All around the world,we can see the _______ of this throwaway lifestyle.Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger.To _______the amount of rubbish and to protect the _______,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. _______,this is not enough to solve(解决) our problem.

Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions _______ throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about _______ .Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.

1.A.key B.reason C.project D.problem

2.A.gifts B.rubbish C.debt D.products

3.A.face B.become C.observe D.change

4.A.hide B.control C.replace D.withdraw

5.A.Thanks to B.As to C.Except for D.Regardless of

6.A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful

7.A.love B.lack C.prevention D.division

8.A.sensitive B.kind C.brave D.busy

9.A.ways B.places C.jobs D.friends

10.A.donate B.receive C.produce D.preserve

11.A.adapts B.returns C.responds D.contributes

12.A.tired of B.addicted to C.worried about D.ashamed for

13.A.newer B.stronger C.higher D.larger

14.A.pick up B.pay for C.hold onto D.throw away

15.A.advantages B.purposes C.functions D.consequences

16.A.show B.record C.decrease D.measure

17.A.technology B.environment C.consumers D.brands

18.A.However B.Otherwise C.Therefore D.Meanwhile

19.A.by B.in favour of C.after D.instead of

20.A.spending B.collecting C.repairing D.advertising

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