题目内容
20.In 1999,twelve percent of public elementary schools in the United States required students to wear uniforms.Just three years later,the amount was almost double that.A study of six big-city Ohio public schools showed students who were required to wear uniforms had improved graduation,behavior and attendance rates.Academic performance was unchanged.
Some high schools in Texas have also joined in the movement.Yet studies find mixed results from requiring uniforms.And some schools have turned away from such policies.
Supporters believe dressing the same creates a better learning environment and safer schools.The school district in Long Beach,California,was the first in the country to require uniforms in all elementary and middle schools.The example helped build national interest in uniforms as a way to deal with school violence and improve learning.
Findings in Long Beach suggested that the policy resulted in fewer behavior problems and better attendance.But researcher Viktoria,who has looked at those findings,says they were based only on opinions about the effects of uniforms.
She says other steps taken at the same time to improve schools in Long Beach and statewide could have influenced the findings.The district (the area marked by government) increased punishments for misbehavior.And California passed a law to reduce class sizes.
In Florida,for example,researcher Sharon found that uniforms seemed to improve behavior and reduce violence.In Texas,Eloise found fewer discipline problems among students required to wear uniforms,but no effect on attendance.
Sociologist David has studied school uniform policies since1998.He collected the reports in the book.In his own study,he found that reading and mathematics performance dropped after a school in Pennsylvania(宾夕法尼亚州)required uniforms.
Political and community pressures may persuade schools to go to uniforms to improve learning.But David and others believe there is not enough evidence of a direct relationship.In fact,he says requiring uniforms may even increase discipline problems.
32.Which of the following researchers are NOT supporters of school uniform policies?D
A.Viktoria and Sharon.
B.Sharon and David.
C.Eloise and Sharon.
D.Viktoria and David.
33.The underlined word"misbehavior"in the sixth paragraph probably meansB.
A.serious crime
B.bad performance
C.absence for class
D.action against wearing uniforms
34.What can we infer from the passage?A
A.More work is needed to get better information about uniform's effect.
B.The number of schools requiring uniforms in the U.S.will become less sharply.
C.Wearing uniforms has little to do with behavior and learning.
D.Politicians and communities won't vote for uniform policies.
35.What's the main idea of this passage?D
A.More and more students are required to wear uniforms in the U.S.
B.Wearing uniforms contributes to good academic performance.
C.Researchers in the U.S.argue for school uniform policies.
D.Evidence for school uniform polices in the U.S.is seen as weak.
分析 美国越来越多的学校要求学生穿校服,本文展现了对于这一个现象的不同观点.
解答 32.D,细节理解题,根据第五段中But researcher Viktoria,who has looked at those findings,says they were based only on opinions about the effects of uniforms.和第八段he found that reading and mathematics performance dropped after a school in Pennsylvania (宾夕法尼亚州) required uniforms.可知Viktoria and David不支持穿校服这一政策.故选项D正确.
33.B,词义猜测题,结合第六段punishments for…及第七段 researcher Sharon found that uniforms seemed to improve behavior and reduce violence.一句可知misbehavior此处意为"坏的表现".故答案选B.
34.A,细节理解题,根据最后一段中But David and others believe there is not enough evidence of a direct relationship.In fact,he says requiring uniforms may even increase discipline problems.可知还需更多努力来研究要求穿校服所带来的影响.故答案A正确.
35.D,主旨大意题,通读全文可知.美国越来越多的学校要求学生穿校服,本文展现了对于这一个现象的不同观点,有些人觉得穿校服能给学生带来好处,但由最后一段But David and others believe there is not enough evidence of a direct relationship.In fact,he says requiring uniforms may even increase discipline problems.可知,要求穿校服所带来的影响可能是消极的,故答案D正确.
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题,首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.最后,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.
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