题目内容
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some 36 it highly, believing that it is 37 for social progress and prosperity. Others say that 38 is bad, that it sets one person against another; that it 39 unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the 40 that their self-worth relied on how well they 41 at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and –death affairs. In their single-minded 42 of success, the development of many other human qualities is 43 forgotten.
44 , while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take a(n) 45 attitude. In a culture valuing only the winner and 46 to the ordinary players, they strongly 47 competition. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or 48 success. By not trying, they always have a(n) 49 :“I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter 50 I really didn’t try.” 51 , this belief is the same as 52 of the true competitors trying to prove themselves. Both are based on the 53 belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in 54 with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解) 55 a new meaning in competition.
36.A.benefit B.influences C.value D.impress
37.A.cheerful B.meaningful C.comfortable D.responsible
38.A.competition B.ability C.knowledge D.challenge
39.A.runs into B.leads to C.comes from D.begins with
40.A.promise B.belief C.dream D.task
41.A.planned B.performed C.delivered D.practiced
42.A.pursuit B.memory C.behalf D.search
43.A.shyly B.cheerfully C.sadly D.faithfully
44.A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.However D.Afterwards
45.A.proper B.suitable C.confident D.opposite
46.A.paying no attention B.pays less attention C.paid more attention D.pays no attention
47.A.excuse B.blame C.charge D.trust
48.A.enjoy B.apply C.receive D.achieve
49.A.opinion B.explanation C.excuse D.reason
50.A.unless B.so C.while D.because
51.A.Firmly B.Naturally C.Unfortunately D.Clearly
52.A.that B.one C.it D.this
53.A.mistaken B.different C.single D.common
54.A.consequence B.comparison C.connection D.common
55.A.we can discover B.can we discover C.can discover D.we discover
36—40:CDABB 41—45:BACCD 46—50:ABDCD 51—56:DAABB
解析:
本文为议论文。文中提到作者身边对competition(竞争)的不同观点。一种是拼尽全力赢得比赛的人,他们认为输赢是生死攸关的事情,只有获胜才能体现个人价值。另一种人极力反对竞争,他们认为人们竞争压力过大,导致人际关系不友好,而且这些人极力逃避努力奋斗,认为如果尽力去做而没有成功会导致自己不被别人承认,因此他们不做努力,以此做为失败的借口,“我没有去努力,因此失败也没什么了不起!”作者对这两种态度运用了“sadly”和“mistaken”来评论,并在结尾表示,只有这种对成功的恐惧缓解,才能体会竞争的真正含义。
36.C value此处为动词,意为“重视,看重”
37.D be responsible for“对…负责”。意思为“他们相信,是竞争带来了社会的进步和繁荣。本题易误选B。
38.A 由前文可知,另一部分人认为竞争是不好的。
39.B lead to“导致”。竞争会导致人际关系不友好。
40.B hold the belief持有这样的观点。
41.B 他们的个人价值取决于他们在网球和其它技巧方面的表现(perform)得如何。
42.A in the (…) pursuit of success对成功的追求。in search of 寻找; in memory of 为纪念..; in behalf of为…的利益。本题易误选BC。
43.C 忘记培养的人类的其它素质是令人悲哀的事情。
44.C 根据上文可以看出,此处为转折之意。
45.D 根据前文意思,后面应说“另一些人持有相反的观点。受前文lost in the desire的影响,本题易误选A。
46.A 根据前面的only可以看出后面应是相反内容。句意为”只重视获胜者而不关注普通的选手。”
47.B 根据下文可以看出应选blame“责备,谴责”。句意为“那些人强烈谴责竞争”本题易误选A。
48.D achieve (one’s) success取得胜利。
49.C 从下文可知:用不去尝试/努力(怕失败),以此做为失败的借口。本题易误选A。
50.D 根据上文可以看出前后是因果关系。
51.D 根据后面的the same可以看出本题应选D。本题易误选C,如选C,与the same不符。
52.A 此处that=the belief。that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个;one指代单数可数名词,泛指同类事物中的一个。本题易误选C。
53.A 两者都是错误的观点。
54. B in comparison of“与……比较”; in consequence of... 的结果, 因为...的缘故, 由于;in common with如同一样;in connection with 与...有关系
55.B only修饰状语且放在句首时,主句谓语要倒装。
Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called MoneyandtheMeaningofLife. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our daytoday life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value in life.
He says that our relation with others often becomes clearly defined when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you have a very good friend. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Or it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn't. This person may say that he has a certain feeling, but if it is not carried out in the money world, there is something less real about it.
Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.
Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich?
Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I do not know much. All I am is rich.
People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
1.The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money ________.
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A.is a good way to test your friendship |
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B.will do harm to your friendship |
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C.will strengthen your friendship |
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D.is a good way to break off your friendship |
2.What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview?
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A.He does not feel that he is well educated. |
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B.He does not think that he is a very important person. |
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C.He does not think that being rich is worth so much attention. |
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D.He does not consider himself to be very successful. |
3.What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book?
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A.Money is an end. |
B.Money is a means. |
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C.Money is everything. |
D.Money is unimportant. |
4.Which of the following might the author disagree with?
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A.Money is important in modern society. |
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B.The meaning of life does not completely lie in money. |
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C.Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness |
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D.Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth. |
We lived in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people think that craft(手艺) no longer exists.
One of the ways these people wrongly support their view is by pointing to 100-year-old homes which are still solid, and arguing that it is the craftsmanship that is responsible for their durability(持久性). “Homes in those days were well-built,” they say. No doubt these homes were well-built, but what these people have done is mix up the quality of material used in the house with the quality of the craftsmanship.
Homes today could be built to last just as long as those old homes if people were willing or able to pay the price. For example, more people can no longer afford solid oak stairways, although they were once fairly common in older homes. Nor can they afford the high labor cost of employing a carpenter to build the stairway. Yet if someone can pay the high cost, there are still plenty of carpenters around able to make those stairways. And not only would these carpenters know how to build them, they would probably do a better job than carpenters of old.
One thing the modern carpenter has which enables him to do a better job is much more advanced tools. Such tools as laser beams and power planes help them lay out a house better and make more precision cuts on the wood. Also, it is not uncommon any more to find carpenters with college degrees and carpenters with a solid knowledge of mathematics, which would enable them to deal with more difficult house designs.
The problems of modern quality, then, really boils down to the problem of material, for the modern carpenter is just as able to produce craftsmanship as the carpenter of fifty years ago, but only if given proper material.
1. Compared to the carpenters in the past, modern carpenters are _______.
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A.more successful |
B.more learned |
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C.more imaginative |
D.more hardworking |
2. What does the underlined word “they” (paragraph 2) refer to?
carpenters who are fond of oak stairways.
carpenters who have college degrees.
people who think highly of carpenters of old.
people who think that modern material is of low quality.
3. What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?
People in the past preferred to use oak to build stairways.
It is now expensive to employ a carpenter.
Modern houses last as long as the old one.
Good carpenters still exist in modern times.
4. What would be the best title for the text?
Is Craft Dead?
Craft, Back to life?
History of craftsmanship
Carpenters Today and Yesterday