Question

Play is the basic business of childhood, and more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being．From earliest infancy （婴儿）, every child needs opportunity and the right material for play, and the main tools of play are toys．The main function of toys is to suggest, encourage and assist play．To succeed in this, they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again．Therefore, it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child’s development.
In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities, is largely determined in the first three years of his life．So a baby’s ability to benefit from the right play materials should not be underestimated．A baby who is encouraged, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully．
The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds．Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws and construction toys; painting, scribbling and making things; sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games for learning to play and get on with others．
By the third stage of play development—from five to seven or eight years old— the child is at school．But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school．It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys．
Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child．But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning．Toys are still interesting and valuable, which lead up to new hobbies, but their significance has changed —to a child of nine or ten years old, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun

1. 1.
   60. The writer wants us to understand that a child______.
   1. A.
      cannot grow up without toys
   2. B.
      matures through play
   3. C.
      uses toys as friends
   4. D.
      has to be taught how to play
2. 2.
   61. According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents______.
   1. A.
      determine his character
   2. B.
      will not change after the age of three
   3. C.
      partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
   4. D.
      to a large extent determine the choice of toys
3. 3.
   62. The passage tells us that children are the most curious when they are about______.
   1. A.
      two years old
   2. B.
      one year old
   3. C.
      six years old
   4. D.
      four years old
4. 4.
   63. The article is about______.
   1. A.
      the importance of play
   2. B.
      the importance of books
   3. C.
      the relationship between play and work
   4. D.
      children’s speech development

Answer 1

BCDA
试题分析
1.细节题题干：作者想让我们理解一个小孩___
选B（通过玩耍逐渐成长），答案依据：more and more in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being 重要作用其实就是通过玩耍逐渐成长（概念转换）
的考察对于细节题。应该确定答案出现的区域，进而从段位和段首往中间查找，缩小答案区域。最后进行句意或概念转换，通常在原文以原句或同义句形式出现。此题的答案在原文中以同义句形式出现。
2.细节和推理题干：根据本文可知，孩子从父母那里遗传而来的能力____
选C 答案依据：research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities ，is largely determined in the first three years of his life（概念转换，正反两面叙述同一问题）
A选项无中生有  B选项偷换概念 原文是：目前对婴儿成长研究报告表明：一个孩子可能会达到的标准，通常是指不超过自己从父母那里遗传来的能力范围内，很大程度上在3岁之前就已经决定了。反过来说：就是孩子从父母那里遗传来的能力在一定程度上决定了孩子可能达到的标准。D选项无中生有
对于细节题。应该确定答案出现的区域，进而从段位和段首往中间查找，缩小答案区域。最后进行句意或概念转换，通常在原文以原句或同义句形式出现。此题的答案在原文中以同义句形式出现。
3.细节题试题分析：题干：文章告诉我们，儿童有很强的好奇心在他们____几岁时
选D 答案依据：The next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds
三到五岁，好奇心没有边界，说明儿童有很强的好奇心。
4.主旨题题干：这篇文章是关于____
通读全文可知，全篇文章都围绕玩耍和孩子的成长为中心展开，所以是玩耍的重要性。
考点;考察报告类短文
点评：该篇文章主要讲述了玩耍和儿童成长的重要性，多以细节题考察为主，作答时，应提高阅读的速度和寻找答案区域和缩写答案区域的能力。考生在作答此类型题，应以细节为主。