题目内容
Eric is the only one of the boys who _____ a driving license.
A. has B. have
C. is having D. are having’
A
Have you ever been in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your mind was a million miles away? You probably felt sorry and made up your mind to pay attention and never have daydreaming again. Most of us from earlier school days have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time.
“ On the contrary,” says L.Giambra, an expert in psychology（心理学）, “ daydreaming is quite necessary. Without it, the mind couldn’t get done all the thinking it has to do during a normal day… .
You can’t possibly do all your thinking with a conscious（有意识的） mind. Instead, your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time. Daydreaming then may be one way that the unconscious states of minds have silent dialogues.”
Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance of daydreams or even considered them harmful. At one time daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illness. They did not have a better understanding of daydreams until the late 1980s. Eric Klinger, a professor of psychology, is the writer of the book Daydreaming. Klinger says, “we know now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we organize our lives, learn from our experiences, and plan for our futures… Daydreams really are a window on the things we fear and the things we long for in life.”
Daydreams are usually very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams which may be hard to understand. It’s easier to gain a deep understanding of your life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine your sleep dreams carefully. Daydreams help you recognize the difficult situations in your life and find out a possible way of handling them.
Daydreams cannot be predicted; they move off in unexpected directions which may be creative and full of useful ideas. For many famous artists and scientists, daydreams were and are a main source of creative energy.
So the next time you catch yourself daydreaming, don’t stop. Just pay attention to your dream. It may be more important than you think.
【小题1】In what way are daydreams different from sleep dreams?
| A．Daydreams help to develop an unconscious mind. |
| B．Daydreams are not so easy for us to control and direct. |
| C．Daydreams help us to handle more difficult situations |
| D．Daydreams are easier for us to understand. |
| A．our fears and longings in life are shown in our daydreams |
| B．we may study our experiences just through our daydreams |
| C．daydreaming is one of the important ways that we recognize our lives |
| D．we should be able to tell our futures by having daydreams |
| A．daydreaming is more helpful than sleep dreams |
| B．many artists and scientists are famous because they have daydreams |
| C．professor Eric Klinger has a better idea than L. Giambra |
| D．daydreaming with an unconscious mind will do good to health |
| A．Daydreaming was once regarded as a cause of mental illness. |
| B．Experts began to have a better understanding of daydreams in the late 1980s. |
| C．Scientists believe that we can know daydreams before having them. |
| D． Many well-known artists gained energy of creation from daydream |
Now, there is a growing movement to pay the students in American schools---in some cases, even just for coming to class.
Students at one school in New Mexico can earn up to three hundred dollars a year for good attendance. In Baltimore, Maryland, high scores in state graduation tests can be worth more than one hundred dollars. And a New Jersey school system plans to pay students fifty dollars a week to attend after---school tutoring programs.
Schools that pay students can be found in more than one---fourth of the fifty states. Other schools pay students with food or other rewards.
Robert Schaefer is a public education director. He says paying students may improve performance in the short term, but students develop false expectations for the future. He sees a lack of long term planning in these programs because of the pressure on schools to raise test scores.
Public schools need to show improvement under the education reform law. Low---performing schools may lose their federal money; teachers and administrators(行政人员) may lose their jobs. Often these schools are in poor neighborhoods where getting students to go to school can be a continual problem.
Critics(评论家) say paying students sends a message that money is the only valuable reward. But some students say it makes school more exciting. And some teachers have reported getting more requests for extra help.
In two thousand four, the city schools in Coshocton, Ohio, launched a program. They wanted to see if paying elementary school students as much as one hundred dollars would help in passing the state exams.
Now, Eric Bettinger of Case Western Reserve University (EUCWRU) has reported mixed results. Math scores increased, but only white students were able to get paid. And there was no evidence of higher scores in reading, social studies and science. Official will decide later this year whether to continue the program.
【小题1】Paying students who show improvement in tests __________.
| A．has been done in most American schools |
| B．is becoming a growing practice in the USA |
| C．is not very popular with teachers |
| D．only aims at high scores at school |
| A．is a very excellent teacher |
| B．thinks highly of paying students |
| C．thinks students will show improvement in study in the future |
| D．thinks people should make a careful plan for the paying program |
| A．EBCWRU has got great success in its paying program |
| B．not all the students in EUCWRU have made progress in all subjects |
| C．only students who study math can get paid |
| D．EBCWRU will go on with the paying program |
| A．persuade teachers to give students more prizes |
| B．tell people how to become an excellent student |
| C．introduce something about American paying students program |
| D．explain the advantages of American paying students program |