题目内容

 What a mess! please put your books________, or mom will be upset.

A. in sight                B. in public          C. in addition          D. in order

D
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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　Brazil has become one of the developing world's greatsuccesses at reducing population growth— but more by acci-dent than design．While countries such as India have madejoint efforts to reduce birth rates,Brazil has had better resultwithout really trying,says George Marfine at Harvard．

　　Brazil's population growth rate has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960．to 1.93% a year between1981 and 1990．and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average．Martine says this figure may have fallen stillfurther since 1990．an achievemebt that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries．

　　Martine puts it down to,among other things,soap operas and instalment（分期付款）plans introduced in the 1970．s．Both played an important,although indirect,role in lowering the birth rate．Brazil is one of the world's biggest produecrs of soap operas．Globo,Brazil's most popular television net-work．shows three hours of soaps six nights a week,while three others show at least one hour a night．Most soaps are based on wealthy characters live the high life in big cities．

　　“Although they have never really tried to work in a mes-sage towards the problems of reproduction（生育）,they describe middle and upper class values-not many children,different attitudes towards sex,women working,”says Martine．“They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and madepeople conscious of other patterns of hohaviour and other val-ues．which were put into a very attractive package．”

　　Meanwhile,the instalment plans tried to encourage thepoor to become consumers（消费者）．“This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption wasincompatible（不能共存的）with unlimited reproduetion,”says Martine．

(1)

According to the passage,Brazil has cut back its population growth ________

[　　]

A．

by educating its citizens

B．

by careful family planning

C．

by developing TV programmes

D．

by chance

(2)

According to the passage,many Third World coun tries ________

[　　]

A．

haven't paid enough attention to birth control

B．

would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate

C．

have great difficulty controlling their population

D．

make no use of TV plays in family planning

(3)

Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil's birth rate because ________

[　　]

A．

they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B．

they have gradually changed people's way of life

C．

people are drawn to their attractive package

D．

they popularize government's birth control measures

(4)

What is Martine's conclusion about Brazil's population growth ________

[　　]

A．

The increase in birth rate will raise consumption．

B．

The desire for consumption helps to rednce birth rate．

C．

Consumption patterns and reproduction patterns areincompatible．

D．

A country's production is limited by its population growth．

Brazil has become one. of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint ef??forts to reduce birth rates, Brazil had better results without re??ally trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil’s population growth rate dropped from 2. 99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1. 93% a year between 198 land 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 chil??dren on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (肥皂剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in low??ering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest produc??ers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television net??work, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

Although they have never really tried to work in a mes??sage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe mid??dle and upper class values: not many children, women work??ing, says Martine. They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious (有意识的) of other patterns of behaviour and other values, which were put into a very attrac??tive package.

Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. " This led to an enormous change in consumption (消费) patterns and consumption was incom??patible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction," says Mar??tine.

9. According to the passage, Brazil has lowered its population growth ________.

A. by educating its citizens                B. by careful family planning

C. by developing TV programmes                     D. by chance

10. According to the passage, many Third World countries

A. haven’t given much attention to birth control

B. would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate

C. haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population

D. haven’t realized the importance of TV plays in family planning

11. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate be??cause ________.

A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life

C. people are drawn to their attractive package

D. they popularize birth control measures

12. What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth?

A. The increase in birth rate will increase consumption.

B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.

C. Consumption goes with reproduction.

D. A country ‘s production is limited by its population growth.

Brazil has become one. of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint ef??forts to reduce birth rates, Brazil had better results without re??ally trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil’s population growth rate dropped from 2. 99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1. 93% a year between 198 land 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 chil??dren on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (肥皂剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in low??ering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest produc??ers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television net??work, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

Although they have never really tried to work in a mes??sage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe mid??dle and upper class values: not many children, women work??ing, says Martine. They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious (有意识的) of other patterns of behaviour and other values, which were put into a very attrac??tive package.

Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. " This led to an enormous change in consumption (消费) patterns and consumption was incom??patible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction," says Mar??tine.

according to the passage, Brazil has lowered its population growth ________.

A. by educating its citizens                 B. by careful family planning

C. by developing TV programmes                     D. by chance

according to the passage, many Third World countries

A. haven’t given much attention to birth control

B. would soon join Brazil in controlling their birth rate

C. haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population

D. haven’t realized the importance of TV plays in family planning

Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate be??cause ________.

A. they keep people sitting long hours watching TV

B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life

C. people are drawn to their attractive package

D. they popularize birth control measures

What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth?

A. The increase in birth rate will increase consumption.

B. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.

C. Consumption goes with reproduction.

D. A country ‘s production is limited by its population growth.

Feeling blue about world ? “Cheer up.” Says science writer Matt Ridley.”The world has never been a better place to live in, and it will keep on getting better both for humans and got nature.”

Ridley calls himself a tat ional optimist—tactical .because he’s carefully weighed the evidence optimistic .because that   offence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good .And this is what he’s set out to prone from unique point of view in his most recent book. The Rant anal Opting  .He views mankind as grand enterprise that .on the whole .has done little but progress for 100.000 years. He backed his finding with hard gathered though years of research.

Here’s how he explains his views.

Shopping fuels invention

It is reported that there are more than ten billion different producers for sale in London alone. Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty .our own generation has access to more nutritious food .more convenient transport .bigger houses, better ears .and of course, more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we there things to make other things, This more we specialize and exchange, the better off we’ll be.

2) Brilliant advances

 One reason we are richer, healthier, taller, cleverer, longer-lived and freer than ener before is that the four most basie human needs -food, clothing, fuel and shelter- have grown a lot cheaper. Take one example. In 1800 a candle providing one hour’s light cost six hours’ work. In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes’ work to pay for. In 1950 it was eight seconds. Today it’s half second.

3) Let’s not kill ourselves for climate change

Mitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welface as climate change itself. A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village, where the use of fassil-fuel(化石燃料) electrieity is forhidden by well meaming members of green polucal movements trying to save the world, is just as great a tragedy as a child that mes in a flood caused by climate change. If chmaic change proves to be xxxx, but cutting carbon canses realparn, we may well find that we have stopped a nose bleed by putting a tournquet(止血带) around our necks.

1.What is the theme of Ridley’s most recent book?

A. Weakness of human nature.

B. Concern about climate change.

C. Importance of practical thinking.

D. Optimism about human progress.

2.How does Ridley look at shopping?

   A. It encourages the creation of things.

   B. It results in shortage of goods.

   C. It demands more fossil fuels.

   D. It causes a poverry problem.

3.The candle and lamp example is used to show that     .

   A. oil lamps give off more light than candles

   B. shortening working time brings about a happier life.

   C. advanced technology helps to produce better candles.

   D. increased production rate leads to lower cost of goods.

4.What does the last sentence of the passage imply?

   A. Cutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.

   B. Overreaction to cliamate change may be dangerous.

   C. People’s health is closely related to climate change.

   D. Careless medical treatment may cause great pain.

 

Brazil has become one. of the developing world’s great successes at reducing population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint ef?forts to reduce birth rates, Brazil had better results without re?ally trying, says George Martine at Harvard.

Brazil’s population growth rate dropped from 2. 99% a year between 1951 and 1960 to 1. 93% a year between 198 land 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2. 7 chil?dren on average. Martine says this figure may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.

Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (肥皂剧) and installment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect, role in low?ering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the world’s biggest produc?ers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil’s most popular television net?work, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others show at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based on wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.

Although they have never really tried to work in a mes?sage towards the problems of reproduction, they describe mid?dle and upper class values: not many children, women work?ing, says Martine. They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and made people conscious of other patterns of behaviour and other values, which were put into a very attrac?tive package.

Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to encourage the poor to become consumers. " This led to an enormous change in consumption patterns and consumption was incom?patible (不相容的) with unlimited reproduction," says Mar?tine.

1. According to the passage, Brazil has lowered its population growth ________.

A. by educating its citizens　 B. by careful family planning

C. by limiting birth rate         　　　　 D. by chance

2. According to the passage, many Third World countries

A. are unwilling to control the birth rate.

B. are willing to join Brazil in controlling their birth rate soon

C. haven’t yet found an effective measure to control their population

D. haven’t realized the importance of TV plays in family planning

3. Soap operas have helped in lowering Brazil’s birth rate be?cause ________.

A. they educate people.

B. they have gradually changed people’s way of life

C. people are drawn to their attractive package

D. they popularize birth control measures

4. What is Martine’s conclusion about Brazil’s population growth?

A. The desire for consumption helps to reduce birth rate.

B. The increase in birth rate will be controlled.

C. Consumption goes with reproduction.

D. A country ‘s production is limited by its population growth.

　 5. According to the passage, soap operas show that they have ____in the middle class.

　 A. one or two babies.　　　 B. many babies　　　 C. only a boy　 D. only a girl

 

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