“Cell phone is a American usage.but British speakers always use “mobile phone ．A．normalB．commonC．formalD．usual 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

IMAGINE if there was a device that could do everything for you – wake you up every morning, chat with you and type your e-mails.
The piece of technology in question would be smart, able to tell you about the weather and where the nearest restaurants are.
The good thing is you no longer need to wonder, because something like this already exists. And its name is Siri.
Siri is a voice recognition application designed for Apple products and the concept has been around for almost a year.
When Siri first came out it could only speak English, but now it has “learned” lots of new languages, including Chinese, Cantonese and Taiwanese, reported The Wall Street Journal. So, you can give it orders in your mother tongue.
But how could a cell phone or a computer “hear” what you are saying and understand it? This is all because of voice recognition technology.
When you speak, your voice creates vibrations (振动) in the air – a bit like waves in the water when you throw a rock into the lake. The microphone receives the vibrations and the computer changes them into digital data that is then divided into many parts. They are analyzed one by one to see what pronunciations each part stands for. The computer then puts these pronunciations together into possible words according to its built-in dictionary.
But figuring out the words is far from enough; building words into meaningful sentences is the most difficult part. The computer has to compare what it hears to a large library of known phrases and sentences to determine what the user is saying.
However, people don’t always talk in the most standard way and sometimes make grammatical mistakes. This is why traditional voice recognition software always requires you to remember keywords and to speak in a certain way.
Fortunately, Siri isn’t like that. It’s not just “voice recognition”; it’s “natural language understanding (NLU)”. You can ask it things like “Do I need an umbrella today?” and it will know that you are asking about the weather, according to ABC News.
“The key thing is NLU – understanding what you mean and what you want,” Neil Grant from Nuance, a software company in the US, told The Guardian. “Historically, you had to learn a huge long list of commands . As NLU progresses, you can say what you want in a way that’s natural to you.”
【小题1】What is the function of the first two paragraphs?

Teens who become addicted to their cell phones may be placing their health at risk by harming their ability to sleep well，a new Swedish study suggests.
"The message is that teenagers who use their cell phones excessively are much more stressed, much more restless, much more tired, and have a great tendency to develop sleep deprivation(剥夺) as a result of their calling habits, " said the study author Dr. Gaby Bader.
He focused on the experiences of 21 healthy Swedish boys and girls between the ages of 14 and 20. The teens kept what the authors described as "regular working/studying hours" and were not previously diagnosed with any particular sleep irregularity．
He observed that the above-15 call group kept more irregular sleeping hours than the lower-use group，had more difficulty falling asleep，more difficulty waking up，and experienced more sleep disruptions（扰乱）．
Bader said that among young people，a relatively recent technological invention like the cell phone has quickly become existed nearly everywhere，giving rise to considerable pressure to keep in touch. And this pressure can develop into an addiction，with serious negative results for teenager health.
"We see more and more people--especially the young generation-- who grew up with these kinds of items and gadgets in their hands," Bader said. "And they become dependent on the technology. So，we have to teach young people to be structured. To know when to have the cell phone on，and when to switch it off. To avoid becoming the slave of technology，instead of the master. "
Dr. Mary Carskadon expressed little surprise with the finding. " Interpersonal（人际的）contact is one of the things that's best at keeping us awake，" she observed. "And so，a young person receiving cell phone texts or phone calls is going to have more deep disturbances. And they are going to be tired and restless，and probably，as a result，going to use more stimulants（兴奋剂）．And judgment is not always the best in our teenage years. So, that's where I think parental attention to this issue may be useful. "
72. Teens who become addicted to their cell phones will become    ．
A. too anxious to relax.               B. unable to stay still.
C. unable to have real rest.             D. excited to forget sleep.
73. What we can learn from the sixth paragraph is that    ．
A. more teens know how to make technology serve them
B. teens used to be taught how to use technology
C. we should make use of technology rather than be in the control of it
D. the young generation depends less on the technology to grow up
74. According to Dr. Mary Carskadon，how to deal with the problem?
A. Teenagers should judge how to use their phones.
B. Teenagers should reduce their interpersonal contact.
C. Teenagers should switch their phones off.
D. Parents should give more attention to children's use of phones.
75．What's the passage mainly about?
A. Too much phone time has a bad effect on teens' sleep.
B. Too many cell phone calls have cost teens too much.
C. Few cell phone calls will damage teens' friendships.
D. Too little cell phone time improves teens' attention at class.

Turns out we aren’t good at walking and talking at the same time, according to a study of pedestrians （行人） on their cell phones．

Nearly one-third of pedestrians （29．8% ） were distracted （分散注意力） by their mobile devices while crossing the street, say researchers of a study published online in the journal Injury Prevention．

Just as drivers who text, talk on cell phones, or adjust MP3 players increase their risk of losing control of their vehicles, pedestrians distracted by their conversations or their devices also put themselves at higher risk of getting into an accident．

During the summer of 2012, scientists in Seattle, Wash． , studied 1,102 pedestrians at 20 crossroads seeing the city * s highest number of pedestrian injuries over the past few years．

They watched how pedestrians crossed the street @ whether they looked both ways or obeyed the crossroad signal @ and also recorded how long it took pedestrians to do so． Distractions included listening to music with headphones, using a cell phone or earpiece to talk on a cell phone, text messaging, and talking with another person．

Overall, researchers found the most common distraction among pedestrians was listening to music （11．2%）, followed by text messaging （7．3%）, and using a handheld phone（6．2%）． But the most absorbing distraction was texting． Compared to pedestrians who were not distracted, those who were texting took 1．87 seconds longer to cross and were four times more likely to not look where they were going, disobey traffic lights, or cross outside of the crosswalk． While the study did not track injuries related to these trends, previous studies have linked such activities to a higher risk of being injured while crossing the street．

Combined with the rise in the use of mobile devices, especially smart phones, the results raise concerns that multi-tasking while walking may be a rising concern for pedestrians． And that danger may only climb, as the number of wireless devices has already exceeded the population of the United States． Last year, roughly 1,152 people wound up in the emergency room to treat injuries caused by using a cell phone or electronic device, the Consumer Product Safety Commission told the Associated Press in July． Those numbers may be underestimated, however, because patients may not always admit that they were using their phones along with other activities such as walking or driving when they were hurt．

1.The scientists did their study at the 20 crossroads in order to _____．

A．attract more attention B．see more injuries

C．record more samples D．find more pedestrians

2.According to the research, while crossing the street the most dangerous activity for apedestrian is _____．

A．talking on a phone B．texting messages

C．listening to music D．disobeying traffic lights

3.The underlined word "exceeded" is closest in meaning to "____"．

A．gone beyond B．greatly influenced

C．accelerated the increase of D．drawn the attention of

4.Which might be the best title of the passage?

A．Walk and don't Talk

B．Prevention of Distraction

C．Look both ways while crossing the street

D．Cell phones lead to injuries

III. 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

One student took a box of chicken to class，another carried on a cell phone 36 and still another whistled loudly every time the 37 turned his back.

Reform school? No. College.

More and more, professors say, they are coming across 38 students in their classrooms. Many of today’s young scholars (学者) arrive late, leave 39 , talk loud or take care of personal 40 such as paying bills during class.

Why are the students behaving badly?

“Because they can,” said a student of University of North Texas. “A lot of the time, the professors let them get 41 with it.”

Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms—and even 42 taking some of the blame for bad behavior. They say that rude students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire 43 .

People are 44 when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in 45 education, says Dr Gerald Amanda, a counselor at City College of San Francisco. They 46 some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to 47 will behave more politely.

Dr Amanda believes that society in 48 has become more tolerant (容忍的) of rude behavior and 49 people in power, including professors, no longer 50 standards for 51 . That leads to a growing imprudence (轻率行为) 52 some college students. “There’s a great 53 of bad behavior in the world around them, and young people see it and 54 disrespect,” said Dr Amanda, 55 that sometimes students “have no idea that they are being rude.”

36．A. line B. conversation C. message D.picture

37．A. professor B. student C. president D. classmate

38．A. hardworking B. cheating C. rude D. selfish

39．A. late B. early C. noisily D. quietly

40．A. feeling B. interest C. computer D. business

41．A. away B. down C. along D. back

42．A. enjoy B. hate C. start D. avoid

43．A. school B. company C. society D. class

44．A. delighted B. surprised C.interested D.encouraged

45．A. better B. more C. higher D. younger

46．A. expect B. hope C. forbid D. wish

47．A. work B. college C. 1earning D. knowledge

48．A. all B. time C. charge D. general

49．A. why B. how C. whether D. that

50．A. change B. break C. set D. reach

51．A. teaching B. politeness C. thinking D. progress

52．A. about B. for C. behind D. among

53．A. deal B. number C. many D. sum

54．A. prepare B. grow C. develop D. improve

55．A. speaking B. adding C. warning D. wishing

Part B: Reading Comprehension 20%

A

Backpacks are convenient. They can hold your books, your lunch, and a change of clothes, leaving your hands free to do other things. Someday, if you don’t mind carrying a heavy load, your backpack might also power your MP3 player, keep your cell phone running, and maybe even light your way home.

Scientists from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Mass., have invented a backpack that makes electricity from energy produced while its wearer walks.

The backpack’s electricity-creating powers depend on springs used to hang a cloth pack from its metal frame. The frame sits against the wearer’s back, and the whole pack moves up and down as the person walks. A mechanism with gears(传动装置) collects energy from this motion and transfers it to an electrical generator.

Surprisingly, the researchers found, people walk differently when they wear the springy packs. As a result, wearers use less energy than when carrying regular backpacks. Also, the way the new packs ride on wearers’ backs makes them more comfortable than standard packs.

The backpack could be especially useful for soldiers, scientists, mountaineers, and emergency workers who typically carry heavy backpacks. These people often rely on global positioning system(GPS) receivers, night-vision goggles(夜视镜), and other battery-powered devices to get around and do their work. Because the pack can make its own electricity, users don’t need to give up space in their packs to lots of extra batteries.

For the rest of us, power-generating backpacks could make it possible to walk, play video games, watch TV, and listen to music, all at the same time. Electricity-generating packs aren’t on the market yet, but if you do get one eventually, just make sure to look both ways before crossing the street!

65. The passage introduces a new kind of ______ backpack.

A．electronic	B．electricity-producing
C．electron-generating	D．electricity-controlling

66. The new backpack makes use of ______ to produce power.

batteries placed at the bottom of the frame

the motion of the pack while the wearer walks

energy the wearer consumes for carrying the pack

the collective motion of a mechanism and some gears

67. From the passage, we can infer that ______.

the backpacks of mountaineers may become smaller in the future

the new backpack can hardly be produced due to its potential danger

the new backpack will someday replace MP3 players and cell phones

the backpack will also provide electricity for lighting our houses

68. An enormous disadvantage of power-generating backpacks might be that ______.

they may stop working at any time

it takes quite a while to have the energy transferred

they may distract the wearer’s attention from road safety

they will be extremely heavy with the mechanism

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