Question

Have you ever intended to be fully absorbed in your work but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day? According to the survey made by a famous university in the USA, most people have the experience.

“People often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks,” says Peter Bregman, the head of the survey. “They sometimes have a feeling to escape from what’s difficult or boring, so they jump out,” he says. The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain’s emotional center. Any strong emotion —quarrels with colleagues, problems at home —can interrupt our attention. Studies over the last decade have shown that too much work to do at a time can easily lead to distraction.

Refocusing is hard for many people. Robert Epstein suggests the following, “Stop and listen to some soft music for a few minutes. Find a good friend or a teacher and say out your matter on your mind. Go for a short walk or take a deep breath, where you breathe in deeply, count to five slowly, hold it and breathe out very slowly. This can blow out all the tension and the unwanted in your mind to restore your focus.”

Take more control by structuring your time and becoming more aware of your behaviors.“Setting the phone alarm to go off every hour is my way of creating awareness,”Mr. Bregman says.“You have to inform yourself that you’ve lost focus in order to do something about it.” Starting the day with a to-do list is also important, such as when to eat, when to go to the gym or take a walk. But if it’s overly ambitious, you will put yourself in a state of anxiety, which makes it hard for the brain to concentrate. “Choosing three or four things as your priority (优先) for the day allows your brain to settle down and focus,” he says.

1.According to the passage, which is NOT the reason why some people can be distracted from their work?

A. They don’t want to be devoted to their work.

B. They are disturbed by the Internet and other things.

C. They can’t find interest in their work.

D. They feel their work is too hard for them.

2.Which incident might not interrupt your attention?

A. You were scolded by your teacher.

B. You had words with your good friend.

C. You went to school at six as usual.

D. Your mother and father had a quarrel.

3.According to Robert Epstein, how can we refocus on what we should do?

A. Listen to rock music for some time.

B. Turn to your good friends or teachers for help.

C. Run around the playground for some time.

D. Take a breath from time to time.

4.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “restore”in the passage?

A. recover B. reform

C. release D. react

Answer 1

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一则论说文，分析了人们无法集中注意力工作或学习的原因并提出了几条提高注意力的建议。

1. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的后半部分“but found yourself distracted (走神) by e-mail, the Internet and other things throughout the day?”可知B项是人们走神的原因之一；根据第二段的第一句“People often lose their concentration when they are bored, of course, but also when they are engaged in challenging tasks”可知C项和D项也是人们走神的原因，只有A项“他们不想认真工作”没有提到，故选A。

2.推理判断题 根据第二段的倒数第二、三句“The part of the brain devoted to attention is connected to the brain’s emotional center. Any strong emotion —quarrels with colleagues, problems at home —can interrupt our attention. ”可知，被老师责备、与好朋友吵架及父母亲争吵都可能让人分神，而C项“如往常六点去学校”不会影响情绪，故选C。

3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的几点建议可知，要想重新集中注意力，可以听些舒缓的音乐而非摇滚乐，深呼吸一次，做些不剧烈的运动如散散步，向老师或好友倾诉等，排除A、C、D三项，故选B。

4. 词义猜测题。根据本段的内容可知，听音乐等的一系列动作可以放松紧张情绪，能让你的注意力重新回来，因此A 项“从...中恢复”符合题意，选A。

考点：考查日常生活类短文阅读