题目内容

【题目】阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

China has ambitious plans to reduce single-use plastics by 2025. China’s National Development and Reform Commission is taking a number of measures 1 (design) to cut the production and use of plastics over the next five years. At the end of 2020,non- Biodegradable (非生物降解的) plastic bags 2 (ban) in supermarkets and malls in major cities. The ban will also apply 3 food delivery services, which use vast amounts of the plastics. Food delivery and takeaway services will stop 4 (use)single-use plastic straws and cutlery (餐具) nationwide. China will encourage 5 use of alternative materials such as non-plastic products and biodegradable shopping bags.

Single-use plastics are one of the world’s 6 (big) sources of plastic pollution. They 7 (become) a part of daily life and a part of our throwaway culture for decades. China set a goal of reducing overconsumption in order to get rid of our reliance on single-use plastics. Previous regulations on plastic use, in 2008, cut production of 8 (rough) 67 billion plastic bags. The United Nations said it’s urgent that all countries adopt 9 (policy) similar to those China is introducing. It said the world cannot cope with the amount of plastic waste we produce. 10 we must rethink is the way we manufacture, use and manage plastics.

【答案】

1designed

2will be banned

3to

4using

5the

6biggest

7have become

8roughly

9policies

10What

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国国家发展和改革委员会正在采取一系列措施,旨在在未来五年内减少塑料的生产和使用。到2020年底,主要城市的超市和商场将禁止使用不可降解的塑料袋。该禁令也将适用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服务。这一举措也得到了联合国的认可。

1考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式,且与逻辑主语measures构成被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。故填designed

2考查动词时态和语态。根据上文At the end of 2020可知应用一般将来时,且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be banned

3考查介词。句意:该禁令也将适用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服务。结合句意表示“适用于”,短语为apply to。故填to

4考查非谓语动词。句意:在全国范围内,食品外卖服务将停止使用一次性塑料吸管和餐具。表示“停止(正在做的)某事”应用stop doing sth.。故填using

5考查冠词。句意:中国将鼓励使用非塑料产品和可降解购物袋等替代材料。use为名词,此处表示特指“替代材料”的使用,应用定冠词the。故填the

6考查最高级。句意:一次性塑料是世界上最大的塑料污染源之一。结合句意表示“世界上最大的”,应用形容词最高级。故填biggest

7考查动词时态。根据后文for decades可知应用现在完成时,且主语为they,故助动词用have。故填have become

8考查副词。句意:2008年出台的有关塑料使用的规定,减少了大约670亿个塑料袋的生产。此处修饰后文67 billion应用副词roughly,表示“大约”。故填roughly

9考查名词的数。句意:联合国表示,当务之急是所有国家都采取类似中国的政策。policy为可数名词,前面没有冠词,故应用复数形式。故填policies

10考查连接词。句意:我们必须重新思考的是我们制造、使用和管理塑料的方式。此处为主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指代“必须重新思考的事情”,应用what引导,句首字母要大写。故填What

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At one point along an open road, I came to a crossing with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I drove near the light, it turned red and I made a stop. I looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile at any direction.

I started wondering why I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policeman around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going thorough it.

Much later that night, the question of why I’d stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it’s part of a contract (契约) we all have with each other. It’s not only the law, but it’s an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we don’t go through red lights.

Trust is our first inclination (倾向). Doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. The whole construction of our society depends on mutual (互相) trust, not distrust.We do what we say we’ll do; we show up when we say we’ll show up;and we pay when we say we’ll pay. We trust each other in these matters, and we’re angry or disappointed with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them.

1Why did the author feel impatient while driving?

A.He came across too many traffic lights.B.He got tired of driving too long.

C.He was lonely on the road.D.He was slowed down by a truck.

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A.Stopping still.B.Driving through it.

C.Looking around for other cars.D.Checking out for traffic police.

3The event made the author strongly believe that ________.

A.traffic rules may be unnecessary

B.doubting others is human nature

C.patience is important to drivers

D.a society needs mutual trust

4Why was the author proud of himself?

A.He kept his promise.

B.He held back his anger.

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All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting systems, this governs the sleep/wake cycle and is therefore one of the main processes which govern sleep behaviour. Typically, the preferred sleep/wake cycle is delayed in adolescents, which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the “night owl” schedule of sleep.

This is opposed to the “early bird” schedule, and is a kind of disorder where the individual tends to stay up much past midnight. Such a person has great difficulty in waking up in the mornings. Research suggests that night owls feel most alert and function best in the evenings and at night. Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls” and only 10 percent can be classified as “early birds” ------ the other 70 percent are in the middle. Although this is clearly not true for all students, for the ones who are true night owls, this gives them an excellent excuse for missing their lectures which unfortunately fall before midday.

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B.Students are very tired on Monday mornings.

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D.Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays.

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A.Most students prefer to get up late in the morning.

B.Students don’t sleep well because of alerting systems.

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3Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “classified”?

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4What does the text mainly talk about?

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