We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us don’t do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give an effective speech.

So, you have to give a speech and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank Goodness, it’s over. I’m just not good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”

Cheep up! It doesn’t have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of your time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use pictures, charts, and graphs if they help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads, and don’t talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.

Just remember: Be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. And be yourself. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to-person contact with your audience.

If you follow these simple steps, you will see that you don’t have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you volunteer to make more speeches! You’re not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.

1.The main idea of this article is ________ .

A.that you can improve your speaking ability

B.that a poor speaker can never change

C.to always make a short speech

D.that it is hard to make a speech

2.Paragraph 2 implies that ________ .

A.many people don’t prepare for a speech

B.many people are happy to give a speech

C.many people are afraid of giving a speech

D.many people talk too long

3.The phrase “talk over their heads” means ________ .

A.speak too loudly

B.look at the ceiling

C.look down upon them

D.use words and ideas that are too difficult

4.All of the following statements are TRUE except ________ .

A.few people know how to make good speeches

B.a lecturer does not need to organize his speech

C.research is important in preparing a speech

D.there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability

One of the most popular and enduring myths about depression is that depressed people are sad all the time—and that by extension, people who are happy can’t be experiencing depression, even if they say they are. It is a mistaken version of depression. Depression doesn’t make you sad all the time.

When I’m having a depressive feeling, I’m not walking around in black clothes, and weeping. I go out with friends. I play jokes. I keep working, and have friendly chats with the people I work with. I read books. Above all, I experience moments of happiness. Yet I feel a strange conflicting pressure. On the one hand, I feel like I need to engage in a sort of sadness for people to understand that I really am depressed and that each day is a struggle for me. Because that way I will appear suitably sad, and thus, depressed—and then maybe people will recognize that I’m depressed and perhaps they’ll even offer support and assistance.

On the other hand, I feel an extreme pressure to perform just the opposite, because sad depressed people are boring and no fun, as I am continually reminded every time I speak openly about depression or express feelings of sadness and frustration. I’m caught in a trap where if I don’t perform sadness, I’m not really depressed, but if I express sadness at all to any degree, I’m annoying and boring and should stop being so self-centered. Depression can become your master, but you can slip out from under it occasionally. And many depressed people don’t actually spend it fainting dramatically on the couch and talking about how miserable they are.

1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Sad people are always depressed.

B. Depressed people are sad all the time.

C. Happy people will never feel depressed.

D. Depressed people do not always feel sad.

2.When feeling depressed, the writer usually avoids ________.

A. expressing sad feelings straight

B. going out with friends and relatives

C. having friendly chats with colleagues

D. experiencing moments of happiness

3.What’s the writer’s attitude to being sad and depressed?

A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Indifferent.D. Cold.

4.In the passage, the writer advises depressed people to ________.

A. speak openly about depression

B. hide the depression in the heart and never express it

C. be optimistic and become the master of depression

D. lie on the couch and talk about how depressed they are

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A feeling of excitement overcame me as I looked around the stadium.

At 5:30 pm, two hours before game time, I walked into the locker room.My of school, music and what I planned to do on Saturday night were with the simple aim to beat the football team across the field from us tonight.

Approaching my locker, I noticed my teammates .Some rested on benches, staring up at the ceiling it were a film of the opposing team’s play. Some seemed a bit more 45 , using the time to tell jokes. A few stared at the field, what will happen in 120 minutes.

Our coach, Tony Severino, came out of his office at 6 o’clock.He told the team how this game was for the season, between two of the state’s top teams—my school and our opposing team, Liberty High School. His words gave the team impulse(冲动)it needed to .

At 7:10 pm, warm – ups finished, we went over the game and discussed what we needed to do for the next three hours. The sound of the national anthem(国歌) that we were only minutes from the action.Our coach usually made a final .But tonight was different.On this clear night he looked around the room at all the players and shouted, “Let’s go and get them.” Even the “get” came out of his mouth, we were already our way out of the door.

Outside, a few young fans reached to touch our hands, eager to be a of our school’s winning tradition.When I smiled and my hand, the young faces lit up as if they had just met Superman.

Seconds later, the team ran onto the , moving as a mass of blue, in front of a packed stadium. We enjoyed a noisy from fans and the fight song played by our school band. Breathing in the of one of the biggest games of the year, I felt we were sure to win. I told myself, “This was what it was all about” and that it was for moments like this that I loved high school football.

1.A.thoughts B.ideas C.pictures D.minds

2.A.covered B.mixed C.replaced D.filled

3.A.exercising B.struggling C.preparing D.previewing

4.A.in case B.even though C.as long as D.as if

5.A.relaxed B.worried C.frightened D.impressed

6.A.dreaming B.wishing C.expecting D.imagining

7.A.useless B.difficult C.available D.important

8.A.warm up B.pick up C.get upD.rise up

9.A.route B.frame C.plan D.forecast

10.A.urged B.insisted C.suggested D.stressed

11.A.speech B.preparation C.decision D.change

12.A.finallyB.simplyC.actually D.eventually

13.A.when B.beforeC.as D.since

14.A.leading B.dragging C.showing D.making

15.A.playerB.friend C.part D.team

16.A.held out B.took out C.got out D.brought out

17.A.field B.stage C.yard D.garden

18.A.success B.reply C.achievementD.welcome

19.A.atmosphere B.experience C.expectation D.examination

20.A.accepted B.admitted C.realized D.Recognized

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