题目内容

Many plants could move northward and toward the Pacific coast _______rising temperatures and changes in rainfall.

A. for fear of B. in defense of

C. by means of D. in reaction to

 

D

【解析】

试题分析:考查介词短语辨析。句意:许多植物可以向北移到太平洋沿岸,以应对温度的上升和降水的变化。A害怕,担心;B为......辩护,保护,保卫;C通过,依靠;D对......作出反应,回应......。故选D。

考点:考查介词短语辨析

 

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There was once a forest made up of tiny trees that were all growing up together. They had been planted by a very old gardener who took care that they would all grow up to be straight and healthy. However, the area was hit by strong winds, and the little trees preferred to avoid the annoying winds, so they bent(弯) their trunks (树干) and branches to protect themselves.

The old man, knowing they could never grow well like this, decided to straighten them out, and spent many hours tying their tiny trunks to supporting poles(杆), hoping his beloved trees would understand he was doing this for their own good. But those naughty trees disliked all the wind. They always avoided the gardener’s help by bending themselves, hiding from the wind. One of those trees, one standing right in the middle of the forest, forced itself to grow up straight, patiently bearing the annoying wind.

Three years passed, and the old man died. And from then on the trees could grow however they liked, bending from the wind just as they pleased, with no one bothering them about it. All, that was, except the single straight tree in the center of the forest, who decided to grow up just as a tree should.

But as the forest grew, and the trees got thicker and stronger, they began to hear cracks(破裂声) from inside. Their branches and trunks needed to keep growing, but the trees were so twisted that the growth they were experiencing only brought them pain and suffering.

And it was a place with a special beauty since, right in its center, surrounded by thousands of short twisted trees, rose one impressive tree that was long and straight like no others. And that tree, the only one that never cracked, continued growing, without a worry for the changeable wind.

1.Why did the trees bend their trunks and branches?

A.Because the gardener often touched them.

B.Because the wind were not strong.

C.Because they protected themselves from being destroyed.

D.Because they were very shy and afraid to meet the wind.

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A.The gardener was kind and treated the trees well.

B.The trees disliked the gardener.

C.The gardener was cruel to the trees.

D.The trees were all naughty.

3.How long did the old gardener look after the trees?

A. Two years. B. Three years.

C. Four years. D. Five years.

4. We can learn from the fourth paragraph that .

A. the trees lived happily

B. the trees liked to stay with each other

C. the trees missed the old gardener

D. the trees suffered from their actions

 

Sometimes successful health campaigns can have quite unexpected reactions. The years of warnings about skin cancer mean that Britons are happy to cover themselves in sunscreen or stay out of the sun altogether, but it also means that most of us are not getting enough vitamin D.

Scientists announced yesterday that Britons need to increase to three times the amount of vitamin D they get per day. They called on food producers to fortify(强化)their products with more of the vitamin and suggested people should consider taking supplements(补充物) to keep levels up. They also suggested getting out in the sun for short periods more often, but they warned against “sun bingeing”.

The government does not publish official advice on the amount of vitamin D people should take due to a lack of research, says Dr Birgit Teucher of the Institute for Food Research. But in the US, the government recommends 5 micrograms a day. By that count, Dr Birgit Teucher said that around 90% of Britons between 19 and 64 would be lacking in the vitamin because they only took around 3 micrograms a day.

Vitamin D is important for absorption of calcium(钙)by the body, which is needed for healthy teeth and bones. A lack of it can lead to serious diseases in both children and adults. The vitamin can be found in some foods but it can also be obtained from chemicals in the skin reacting to sunlight. Dr Barbara Boucher said adults should get 5 to 25 micrograms a day. Shortage of vitamin D may be linked to diseases such as muscle weakness, high blood pressure and rickets(佝偻病).

Dr Birgit Teucher gave several reasons for the lack among Britons. Increasing numbers of office-based jobs mean a lack of exposure to the sun; and the rise of becoming overweight means that vitamin D—which is fat soluble(可溶解的)一is increasingly stored in body fat, where it cannot be accessed readily.

Professor Brian Wharton of the Institute of Child Health said that children in particular needed to have enough vitamin D to prevent rickets.

Professor Graham Bentham, an environmental scientist at the University of East Anglia, added that babies who were only breast-fed probably need to take supplements in case their mother was vitamin D lacking. Those drinking milk were likely to be OK, thanks to the fortification of the drink.

The scientists called on food producers to fortify milk, bread and breakfast nutrient to enable people to get their daily amount of the vitamin. Prof Graham Bentham added that 30 minutes of sun exposure to the face and forearms between April and October would be sufficient. Outside these months, the sun is not strong enough in Britain for the body to produce its own vitamin D.

But Prof Graham Bentham warned against spending too long in the sun. “Sun bingeing is well known to be dangerous,” he said. “In any case, vitamin D transformation in the skin switches off after a while so short frequent amounts are better for vitamin D formation.”

1.From Paragraphs l&2 we can infer that_________.

A. some health campaigns are very successful

B. people are lacking in various vitamins

C. Britons are advised not to get out in the sun

D. vitamin D can be obtained by staying in the sun

2.The word “sufficient” (Paragraph 8) is the closest in meaning to _________.

A. enough B. proper

C. familiar D. available

3.From the passage, we can conclude_________.

A. the babies who were only breast—fed certainly need to take vitamin D supplements

B. a large quantity of vitamin D stored in body fat is the primary reason for being overweight

C. the sunlight can produce adequate vitamin D that the body needs all year round

D. vitamin D is vital for the body to absorb calcium needed for healthy teeth and bones

4.The government doesn’t give official advice on the amount of vitamin D because_________.

A. they think it is harmful for health

B. they don’t want to be blamed

C. they aren’t confident of its function

D. they haven’t concrete proof

5.Which best describes the writer’s tone in the passage?

A. Humorous. B. Objective.

C. Pessimistic. D. One-sided.

 

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