题目内容
The printed word is just about the most important way we have of communication with one another. Look around you at the books in school, at the newspapers at home, at the posters on walls and the stamps you stick on envelopes before posting them. Consider, too, the importance of being able to understand the instructions printed on packages of food and medicine sold in shops.In these and in many other ways, the printed word has become so important that it is difficult to imagine how life could go on without it. In everyday life there are hundreds of situations in which people need to communicate with one another, and the printed word is nearly always the best method of communication where large numbers of people are involved.
As you may know, communication intended to reach a large number of people is called mass communication. The main present-day forms of mass communication using the printed word are newspapers, magazines and books. In the case of a modern national newspaper, thousands of copies of each issue(期)may be printed and read in a single day.
The best known forms of modern mass communication which do not use the printed word are television and radio. Television or radio broadcasts may also reach millions of people at a time.
Printing is so important nowadays that it is difficult to imagine how people could manage without it. In fact, though, it was many centuries before man even had a language. Early cave men communicated with one another by sign language or by drawing on the walls of their caves.
1. We use the printed word mainly to________________.
A. communicate with each other
B. read books and newspapers
C. study knowledge
D. write articles
2. The printed word has become very important because________________.
A. it is almost the best method of communication
B. it is difficult to imagine how life could go on without it
C. it is the best way for large numbers of people to communicate with each other
D. there are hundreds of situations in which two people need to talk with each other
3. The best known printed forms of mass communication are________________.
A. letters and advertisements
B. newspapers, magazines and books
C. packets of food and medicine
D. television and radio
4. The passage means to tell us________________.
A. how people communicate with each other
B. how people use the printed word
C. that mass communication is very important to us
D. that the printed word is very important to us
提示：
海淀黄冈名师导航系列答案
普通高中同步练习册系列答案Do you know what kind of things the young people are reading. More and more 26 and parents have noticed another kind of pollution, which came from the printed papers 27 on streets.
These printed things 28 newspapers but have hardly anything to do with 29 , you can only find reading materials badly made up these—— some are too strange for anyone to 30 ; others are frightening stories of something still worse. However, many of the young readers are getting interested in such 31 reading, which 32 them what they should pay for their breakfast and brings them nightmares(恶梦)and immoral(邪恶的)ideas in return. Homework was left 33 ; daily games lost.
These sellers shout on streets selling their papers well. The writers, publishers and printers, whoever they are, we never know, are 34 their silent money.
The sheep - skinned wolf's story seems to have been forgotten once again. Why not 35 this kind of thing. Yes, both teachers and parents have asked each other for more strict control of the young readers. 36 , the more you want to forbid it, the more they want to have a look at it. Sometimes you may even find out several children, driven by the curious natures, 37 one patched paper, which has traveled from hand to hand.
It really does 38 to our society. It has already formed a sort of moral pollution. The 39 teachers and parents need more powerful support in their protection of the young generation. At the same time the young readers need more interesting books to help them 40 those ugly papers.
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The other day, my friend Jane was invited to a 40th birthday party. The time printed on the invitation was 7:30 pm．Jane went off with her husband, expecting a merry evening of wine, food, and song．
By 9:45, everybody was having great fun, but no food had appeared. Jane and David were restless. Other guests began whispering that they, too, were starving．But no one wanted to leave, just in case some food was about to appear. By 11:00, there was still no food, and everyone was completely off their heads. Jane and David left hungry and angry．
Their experience suggests that the words on the printed invitations need to be made clearer. Everyone reads and understands the invitations differently. Most of us would agree that 6:30 - 8:30 pm means drinks only, go out to dinner afterwards; 8:00 pm or 8:30 pm means possible dinner, but 9:30 pm and any time thereafter means no food, eat beforehand, arrive late．
But this is not always the case．If asked to a students’ party at 6:30 pm, it is unaccepted for guests to appear on time. Being the first to arrive — looking eager — is social death. When my mother is asked to a party at 6:30, she likes to be there, if not on time, then no later than seven．My age group (late thirties) falls somewhere between the two, but because we still think we’re young, we’re probably closer to student-time than grown-up time．
The accepted custom at present is confusing, sometimes annoying, and it often means you may go home hungry, but it does lend every party that precious element of surprise．
【小题1】The underlined words “off their heads” probably mean _______．
| A．tired | B．crazy | C．happy | D．encouraging |
| A．party invitations can be confusing |
| B．party-goers usually get hungry at parties |
| C．people should ask for food at parties |
| D．birthday parties for middle-aged people are dull |
| A．very difficult | B．particularly thoughtful |
| C．friendly and polite | D．socially unacceptable |
| A．It’s safe to arrive late just when food is served． |
| B．It’s wise to eat something before going to a party． |
| C．It’s important to follow social rules of party-going． |
| D．There’s no need to read invitations carefully． |
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【小题1】If a customer wants to order by mail, he needs to ____.
| A．fill out two different forms | B．get a form from ChinaSprout |
| C．provide his credit card number online | D．print out the online order sheet and fill it in |
| A．Customers are not allowed to cancel their order. |
| B．Foreigners will receive their products in two weeks. |
| C．ChinaSprout promises to ship any order in one day. |
| D．ChinaSprout will send the order confirmation in two days. |
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| C．their order confirmations by fax | D．their shipping information by phone |
A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what , in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
A change made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises(出现) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.
There also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar(奇怪的)that I don’t know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl-friend.
No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.
1.The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is______.
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A．repeated without any change |
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B．treated as a joke |
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C．set in the present |
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D．given some changes by the parent |
2.According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is____.
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A．heard for the first time |
B．in a realistic setting |
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C．repeated too often |
D．told in a different way |
3.The author’s mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that______.
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A．fairy stories are still being made up |
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B．people try to modernize old fairy stories |
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C．there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales |
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D．There is more concern for children’s fears nowadays |
4.One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that_____.
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A．they are full of imagination |
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B．they are not interesting |
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C．they just make up the stories which are far from the truth |
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D．they make teachers of history difficult to teach |
Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky （急动的）movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span(范围)or the visual span. The length of time of which the eyes stop ---the duration of the fixation (定位)----varies considerably from person to person. It also varies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.
Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive (连续的) fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently (因此), for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated (孤立的) words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text.
1.The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except ________ .
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A．one’s familiarity with the text |
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B．one’s purpose in reading |
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C．the length of a group of words |
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D．lighting and tiredness |
2.The author may believe that reading ______.
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A．requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation |
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B．requires a reader to see words more quickly |
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C．demands an deeply-participating mind |
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D．demands more mind than eyes |
3.What does the author mean by saying “but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second paragraph?
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A．The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. |
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B．The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words. |
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C．The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading. |
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D．The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to see words. |
4.Which of the following is NOT true?
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A．The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. |
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B．Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. |
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C．The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. |
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D．The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. |
5.The tune of the author in writing this article is ________
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A．critical (批评的) |
B．neutral (中立的) |
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C． pessimistic （悲观的 ） |
D．optimistic |