题目内容

调查表明，百分之七十以上的孩子很少或仅仅是偶尔参与户外活动。专家认为，缺乏户外运动会对学生乃至成人的身心健康产生不良影响。为了倡导中学生接近大自然，某中学生英文报举办了一次征文活动。请你根据下面所提供的内容用英语写一篇短文。

要点：1. 户外活动的好处；

2. 户外活动的方式；

3. 户外活动需要注意的事项。

注意：1. 短文必须包括以上所有要点，并适当增加细节，以保证表达的连贯；

2. 词数：120–150词。开头已给出，该部分不计入总词数；

3. 不得抄袭，所有雷同作文均以零分计；

4. 短文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

A survey suggests that more than 70 percent of children today have little contact with the

natural world, and that this is having a huge impact on their health and development.

One possible version：

A survey suggests that more than 70 percent of children today have little contact with the natural world, and that this is having a huge impact on their health and development. I think it is time for us to take action against this trend and get close to nature.

When we are outdoors and in the natural world, we can not only breathe fresh air and enjoy the beautiful scenery, but also broaden our horizons and develop new skills.

There are many different ways we can get out into the natural world, such as backpacking, cycling, camping and mountaineering. Visiting farms is also a good way of getting out and about, as they are places where you can enrich your knowledge and enjoy fresh fruits and vegetables. Many people also find that playing sport outdoors is a good way of enjoying the open air while being part of a team.

Whatever you do, though, remember to stay safe. When you’re outside, it’s better to be accompanied by parents or friends.

【解析】

试题分析：本文是一篇提纲类作文。本文已经给出要点，考生要根据要点，逐一展开论述。要点包括：户外活动的好处；户外活动的方式；户外活动需要注意的事项。因此文章的条理十分清楚，可按照顺序逐一展开话题。文章应该用一般现在时来叙述。写作时要充分发挥想象，以使文章内容丰满，并且要达到要求的字数。此外，还要注意使用多种句式和高级词汇来提高文章档次。最后要注意要正确使用连接词，使文章通顺连贯。

【亮点说明】本文最大的亮点是句式的多样化。文章二段使用了not…only,but…also的句式。文章第三段使用了there be句型，动名词作主语，定语从句，状语从句，宾语从句。这些多样化的句式使文张给人耳目一新的感觉。在以后的作文中，考生要尽量运用多种句式，避免单一，也能给人留下较好的印象。

考点：考查提纲作文

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阅读下面短文，用适当的词填空。每空只能填写一个单词。

Ban the Band?

Every year, our school has a dance for all the students. It’s a little funny seeing friends in clean shoes and trousers or colorful dresses, instead of the usual school _____.

Most of us think the dance is great fun---even the teachers enjoy being there. _____, two weeks ago someone said that there would be no live band this year---only CDs.

“I don’t believe it!” Amy cried out during the lunch break.

“Someone said the school couldn’t _____ a band, and they think it’s too noisy anyway,” added Daniel.

“Well, I don’t think it’s good enough _____ a band!” declared Angela, “and I’m going to see what can be done.”

Angela was as good as her word. In the afternoon she went to see the school headmaster, who agreed to give the situation some more thought. And he suggested that one possibility for having a band was to increase the _____ of each ticket from $5 to $10. Angela had to find out whether the students would like to do that.

“I need all of you to help me,” she announced to our group before school the next day. “Mr. Berry gave me a list of all the names, and suggested we ask each one their opinions about the band and _____ cost.”

During the day we asked around _____ Angela suggested, and wrote down people’s feelings about the band and the cost. We were amazed how much support there was for the band and everyone agreed to _____ the extra $5.

“I’m surprised,” smiled Mr. Berry, when we gave him the result. “I really thought that only a few people wanted their band and that the cost would be too high. OK, Angela, your next ____ is to find a good band and line them up for the dance.”

Angela was all smiles and _____ the news to Amy and Daniel. “You are amazing,” smiled Daniel to Angela as he thought how close they came to having a less than perfect dance.

____ awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered another.

A. Staying B. Stayed

C. To stay D. Having stayed

With a lot of difficult problems_________, they are working hard day and night!

A. settling B. to settle

C. being settled D. settled

She is a vegetarian. She will ______ if you mention eating meat in front of her.

A. fall over the moon

B. be down in the dumps

C. get hot under the collar

D. laugh her head off

Unlike chemists and physicists, who usually do their experiments using machines, biologists and medical researchers have to use living things like rats. But there are three Nobel prize-winning scientists who actually chose to experiment on themselves – all in the name of science, reported The Telegraph.

● Werner Forssmann (Nobel prize winner in 1956)

Forssmann was a German scientist. He studied how to put a pipe inside the heart to measure the pressure inside and decide whether a patient needs surgery (手术).

Experiments had been done on horses before, so he wanted to try with human patients. But it was not permitted because the experiment was considered too dangerous.

Not giving up, Forssmann decided to experiment on himself. He anaesthetized (麻醉) his own arm and made a cut, putting the pipe 30 centimeters into his vein (血管). He then climbed two floors to the X-ray room before pushing the pipe all the way into his heart.

● Barry Marshall (Nobel prize winner in 2005)

Most doctors in the mid-20th century believed that gastritis was down to stress, spicy food or an unusually large amount of stomach acid (胃酸). But in 1979 an Australian scientist named Robin Warren found that the disease might be related to a bacteria (细菌) called Helicobacter pylori. So he teamed up with his colleague, Barry Marshall, to continue the study. When their request to experiment on patients was denied, Marshall bravely drank some of the bacteria. Five days later, he lost his appetite and soon was vomiting (呕吐) each morning – he indeed had gastritis.

● Ralph Steinman (Nobel prize winner in 2011)

This Canadian scientist discovered a new type of immune system cell (免疫细胞) called the dendritic cell. He believed that it had the ability to fight against cancer.

Steinman knew he couldn’t yet use his method to treat patients. So in 2007, when doctors told him that he had cancer and that it was unlikely for him to live longer than a year, he saw an opportunity.

With the help of his colleagues, he gave himself three different vaccines (疫苗) based on his research and a total of eight experimental therapies (疗法). Even though Steinman eventually died from his cancer, he lived four and a half years, much longer than doctors had said he would.

1. The main purpose of the article is to ______.

A. list some famous Nobel prize winners.

B. introduce a few Nobel prize winners who did experiments on themselves.

C. describe some dangerous experiments that Nobel prize-winners did on themselves.

D. list some difficulties that scientists go through to make important discoveries in biology .

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?

A. Forssmann’s experiment ended in failure.

B. Forssmann had the pipe pushed all the way into his heart.

C. Barry Marshall succeeded by drinking some Helicobacter pylori.

D. Barry Marshall was given full responsibility for the study on gastritis at first.

3. The underlined word “gastritis” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.

A. a kind of stomach disease

B. a kind of immune cell

C. a new type of therapy

D. a type of leg cancer

4.From the text, we can conclude that Ralph Steinman ______.

A. had his request to experiment on patients denied

B. believed that cancer comes from stress and spicy food

C. discovered a new type of cancer cell called the dendritic cell

D. tried different therapies containing the dendritic cell on himself

I am ______ about what I say because careless remarks are likely to hurt others’ feelings.

A. enthusiastic B. sensitive

C. doubtful D. cautious

Children's lives have changed greatly over the last 50 years．But do they have a happier childhood than you or I did?

It's difficult to look back on one's own childhood without some element of nostalgia(怀旧的). I have four brothers and sisters, and my memories are all about being with them．Playing board games on the living room floor, or spending days in the street with the other neighborhood children, racing up and down on our bikes, or exploring the nearby woods．My parents scarcely appear in these memories, except as providers either of meals or of severe blame after some particularly risky adventure．

These days, in the UK at least, the nature of childhood has changed dramatically．Firstly, families are smaller, and there are far more only children．It is common for both parents to work outside the home and there is the feeling that there just isn't time to bring up a large family, or that no one could possibly afford to have more than one child．As a result, today's boys and girls spend much of their time alone．Another major change is that youngsters today tend to spend a huge amount of their free time at home, inside．More than anything this is due to the fact that parents worry far more than they used to about real or imagined dangers, so they wouldn't dream of letting their children play outside by themselves．

Finally, the kind of toys children have and the way they play is totally different．Computer and video games have replaced the board games and more interesting activities of my childhood．The irony（令人啼笑皆非的事情） is that so many ways of playing games are called "interactive”. The fact that you can play electronic games on your own further increases the sense of loneliness felt by many young people today．

Do these changes mean that children today have a less relaxing childhood than I had? I personally believe that they do, but perhaps every generation feels exactly the same．

1.What is the purpose of the direct question given in the first paragraph?

A. To show who the passage is written for．

B. To gather people's opinions on childhood．

C. To compare the childhood lives of two generations．

D. To get people's attention and lead in the topic．

2.Which is NOT a reason for the changes?

A. Families are smaller today．

B. Toys can be played by children alone at home．

C. It's too dangerous to play outside．

D. Parents worried too much about their children.

3.What has the writer focused on in the fourth paragraph?

A. Some games that young people play today aren't really good．

B. Computer and video games have replaced the board games．

C. Young people today shouldn't play electronic games.

D. Board games are much more interesting than computer games．

1.The _____ (污染) water carried the virus.

2.Do you know how to_____（操纵） the machine?

3.We are _____(通知) by doctors to eat more natural food and take plenty of physical exercise.

4.The Chinese people should make a greater _____（贡献） to mankind.

5.My _____ （印象） is that he is against it.

6.The pages of the dictionary have curled up from _____（连续不断） use.

7.She put his failure to _____(缺乏) of experience.

8.Luckily, one of the directors helped him by _____（安排） his education.

9.They are determined to stay in until their _____（要求） are met .

10.It was of course a _____（高兴） for them to meet again after separation.

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