Boxing was long viewed sickly. Generally forbidden by law in earlier days, the fighting was usually done with bare fists, and matches often lasted forty or fifty rounds.

In 1882 John L. Sullivan, a fighter of great power, won the world heavyweight championship from Paddy Ryan in a bare fisted battle marked by hitting, scratching, and biting without any rule. Five years later, while fighting Patsy Cardiff at Minneapolis, Sullivan broke his right arm in the third round, but he continued fighting to the sixth round and won. In 1889, Sullivan defeated Jade Kilrain with his bare fists in another championship fight, winning twenty thousand dollars and a diamond prize medal. His admirers talked then of running him for the next governor, but he traveled to Australia for a boxing tour instead, coming back only to lose his title in a twenty-one-round match with a young Californian named James J. Corbett.

“Gentleman James” victory in this match marked a turning point, for it showed scientific boxing was over strength. But Corbett’s title ended in 1897, when another boxer, Bob Fitzsimmons, in less than three seconds, achieved his feats and then Fitzsimmons knocked out an Irishman, won the heavyweight championship of the world, and invented the terrible “solar plexus punch.”

Boxing matches in the early days were ________.

A. short and bloody       B. usually spare-time competitions

C. governed by strict rules     D. cruel

Sullivan held the world’s heavyweight title for ________.

A. at least seven years    B. only a year

C. five years   D. twenty-one years

Sullivan’s fight with Kilrain was ________.

A. the first boxing championship match

B. a bare-fisted championship fight

C. the last boxing match to be fought bare-fisted

D. a six-round match

Sullivan was so popular that his admirers ________.

A. encouraged him to be a governor

B. raised twenty thousand dollars for him

C. advised him to take boxing tour of Australia

D. refused to believe he could be defeated

校创业俱乐部成员Bob、Olga、Scott、Ann和David正筹划在同学中开展“青少年创业”的宣传活动。请根据他们各自的兴趣(61~65),阅读下面某杂志上6位青少年企业家的简介(A、B、C、D、E和F),为他们选定最佳的宣传案例,并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

1.Bob: How to make use of part-time job experience to secure a position in a big company?

2.Olga: How to take advantage of family tradition and build a new brand?

3.Scott: How to discover market needs and build an online business?

4.Ann: How to run a business based on creativity and inventions?

5.David: How to start a small business based on special skills?

A

B

James Murray Wells founded Glasses Direct, which is now the biggest online seller of eyeglasses in the world. It sells a pair of frames every few minutes and employs 70 people in its two offices.

This English entrepreneur was still in college when he saw a great business opportunity. He saw that there was no UK online shop selling eyeglasses. He used his college loan money to start just such a business and it was successful enough to earn over $1 million during its first year in operation.

Richie Stachowski, 11, of Moraga, Calif., went diving with his dad during a vacation in Hawaii. Richie was disappointed he could not talk underwater about the many colorful and amazing things he saw.

When Richie got home, he started work on the equipment that would allow him to talk underwater. His invention — the Water Talkies — is basically a phone that allows sound wave to travel about 15 feet underwater. Water Talkies are now offered at toy stores around the country.

C

D

Fraser Doherty is an example of a young man with a more old-fashioned approach to business. At the age of 14, Fraser Doherty began making jams from his grandmother’s recipes (制作法) and selling them door-to-door in Edinburgh, Scotland. Developing the recipes and coming up with a name for his product, Doherty quit school at age 16 to work on Superjam full time. Now Superjam has an estimated worth of over $2 million based on current sales of $1 million annually.

Richard is an example of developing and using his skills to earn money. At the age of 15 he learned leather craft at a summer camp. He then made small items he could sell at the only shop in his village.

Because he was determined to produce the highest-quality work, his fame and his profit grew. Soon Richard could buy larger quantities of leather, which he made into handbags and purses. These he sold in a larger shop in the neighboring village.

E

F

Dorothy started her business at the age of 14, selling stick-insect eggs by mail order. Less than 20 years later, she is Great Britain’s biggest breeder (繁殖者) of stick insects. Because she had experience with insects and knew she wanted to make a career in the insect business, Dorothy studied applied biology at a university, designing the right kind of insect houses and researching proper feeding facilities for her insects. This greatly increased her ability to supply the whole package to her customers.

Ben’s family helped him turn an after-school job — cleaning swimming pools and mowing lawns — into a successful and valuable service. Because of the skills he developed through hard work, he landed a position with a large company, which paid his college fees, provided him training in a career and guaranteed him a job after graduation.

The company was not looking for a high-powered businessman; it wanted someone who had learned financial knowledge and the value of customer satisfaction — all very important entrepreneurial skills.

 

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