B New findings suggest that brainy card games such as contract bridge may temporarily raise production of a key blood cell including in fighting off illness. After 90 minutes of play, bridge players h 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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New findings suggest that brainy card games such as contract bridge may temporarily raise production of a key blood cell including in fighting off illness. After 90 minutes of play, bridge players had increased levels of immune（免疫）cells, according to research reported last week.

A researcher, Diamond, studied bridge players from a women’s bridge club. She chose bridge players because the game includes skills stimulating a part of the brain called the dorsolateral cortex. Earlier animal research suggests that this part of the brain may play a role in the immune system.

The findings are based on blood samples drawn from 12 women players. Their blood samples showed a rise in levels of white blood cells called T cells after they played bridge for 90 minutes. T cells are produced by the thymus gland（胸腺）and used by the immune system against diseases.

The T cell count jumped significantly in eight of the bridge players, and slightly in the other four.

The findings contribute to the field of neuroimmunology（神经免疫学）,whose name reflects the fact that the nervous system and the immune system are not considered separate and isolated systems. What isn’t clear is whether the help to the immune system from an activity like contract bridge is lasting or temporary. It is also not clear whether the increase in T cells could finally be targeted against special illnesses.

60．Playing bridge can help one to fight off diseases because it can .

A．raise production of a key blood cell B．make people joyful

C．aid digestion D．make break away from the bad habits

61．Diamond chose to study bridge players for the research because .

A．the players are good friends of hers

B．she loves playing bridge

C．this game stimulates a part of the brain that has something to do with immune system

D．she is a clever manager, who operates her bridge club well

62.AT cell is cell .

A. a brain B. a white blood

C. a red blood D. a kind of dangerous hlood

63.Which of the following is TRUE according to this article?

A．The immune system and the brain system used to be considered separate and isolated systems.

B．The help to the immune system that is brought about by playing bridge can last for a long time.

C．Cortex is a kind of blood cell.

D．The new findings are impossible.

60---63 A C B A

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That year, in the local school, there was a new math teacher, as well as some new pupils. One of the new kids was the stupidest child that anyone had ever seen. It made no difference how quickly or how slowly they tried explaining numbers to him; he would always end up saying something enormously stupid. Like two plus two was five, seven times three was twenty-seven, or a triangle had thirty corners...

Before this boy arrived, math lessons had been the most boring of all. Now they were great fun. Encouraged by the new teacher, the children would listen to the pieces of nonsense spouted by the new kid, and they would have to correct his mistakes.

Whenever the new teacher asked questions, the stupid kid would stand up but made the wrong answers, the other students all wanted to be the first to find his mistakes, and then think up the most original ways to explain them. To do this they used all kinds of stuff: sweets, playing cards, oranges, paper planes, etc. It didn't seem like any of this bothered the new kid.

However，little Lewis was sure that it was bound to make him feel sad inside. Lewis was sure he would see him crying. So，one day, he decided to follow the new kid home after school. On leaving school, the new kid walked a few minutes to a local park, and there he waited for a while, until someone came along to meet him...

It was the new teacher!

The teacher gave the new kid a hug, and off they went, hand in hand. Following from a distance, Lewis could hear they were talking about math.

1.The math lessons became interesting because of the new teacher's ______.

A．creativity B．imagination C．responsibility D．curiosity

2.The passage implies that the stupidest child ______.

A．was in great need of the math teacher's help after class

B．was by no means slow in math

C．had no gift for math and was slow to learn it

D．disliked both the new math teacher and his lessons

3.According to the passage, Lewis followed the stupid kid in order to ______.

A．learn about where he lived B．find out if he felt upset

C．say something to comfort him D．make friends with him

4.What does the underlined word “this” in the third paragraph refer to?

A．To find the new kid's mistakes.

B．To think up the most original ways to explain.

C．To use all kinds of stuff.

D．To follow him home after school.

Nutrition influences not only students' grades at school but their growth and development. Improper nutrition is one of the causes of childhood obesity. What can you do to help your child avoid childhood obesity?

My first piece of advice is to look in your fridge. What are you buying at the grocery store? Think about it: if you don't buy junk food or snacks, your kids won't eat them at home. Now if you're like me — both of your kids are at school, you'll know you can't police them every second of the day. This is the time when you'll need to talk to your children about their food choices. If you don't know the right food choices, there are so many free resources on-line to guide you.

Try new things. I was very surprised to find out my 4-year-old daughter likes balsamic vinegar — she calls it the "black sauce". She likes to have it with tomatoes and cucumbers. You just never know what your kids might like.

Don't get stressed if you can't always prepare something healthy. You may sometimes leave the house and forget to take something out for dinner, or you are running late and there's no time to cook before you have to take one of the kids somewhere. However, you can still make healthy choices while dining out. Many of the fast food restaurants offer fruit and milk instead of soda. I like to buy organic frozen pizzas from the organic market — for a quick dinner solution(解决办法). All the ingredients are natural. What I do is to serve the pizza with something raw: lettuce, cucumbers, tomatoes, or fruit to try to give the kids something healthy with that meal.

In closing, take baby steps. Don't try to change your family's eating habits in one go, or you'll go nuts.

1.This passage is written mainly to us

A．explain why today’s kids are overweight

B．tell us the importance of healthy eating

C．give parents some healthy eating tips

D．teach parents what to cook at home

2. The writer believes it is very important for parents to

A．make sure their fridge is full of food.

B．teach their children how to eat healthily

C．check their children’s grades at school

D．provide their children with their favorite food

3. Paragraph 4 tells parents they should .

A．never take their kids to a fast food restaurant

B．eat out in a nice restaurant with their kids at times

C．choose healthy food while eating out with their kids

D．cook healthy food for their kids however busy they are

4.According to the passage, it does NOT seem to be a good idea to .

A．tell children what to eat at school

B．find free resources on healthy eating online

C．put balsamic vinegar on tomatoes or cucumbers

D．try to change a family’s eating habits in a very short time

“Now ,”Mrs. Virginia DeView said, smiling, “we are going to discover our professions .”

The class seems to be greatly surprised. Our professions? We were only 13 and 14 years old! The teacher must be _36 _. “Yes, you will all be searching for your future 37 . Each of you will have to 38 someone in your field, plus give an oral report.”

Each day in her class, Virginia DeView reminded us about this. Finally, I picked print journalism. This _39_ I had to go to interview a true-blue newspaper reporter. I was extremely nervous. I sat down in front of him_40_ able to speak. He looked at me and said, “Did you bring a pencil or pen?”

I shook my head. “How about some 41_ ?” I shook my head again .

Finally , I thought he realized I was 42 , and I got my first big tip as a 43 : “Never,never go anywhere without a pen and paper. You never know what you’ll run into. ”After a few days, I gave my oral report totally from 44 in class. I got an A on the entire project.

Years later, I was in college looking around for a new career, but with no success. Then I _45 _Virginia DeView and my desire at 13 to be a journalist. And I called my parents. They didn’t __46__me. They just reminded me how competitive the field was and 47 all my life I had to run away from competition. This was true. But journalism did something to me; it was in my blood. _48__gave me the freedom to go up to total strangers and ask what was 49 .

For the past 12 years, I’ve had the most satisfying reporting career, __50 __ stories from murders to airplane crashes and 51 choosing my strongest area. 52 _ I went to pick up my phone one day, an incredible wave of memories hit me and I realized that had it not been __53__Virginia DeView, I would not be sitting at that desk.

I get 54 all the time: “How did you pick journalism?”

“Well, you see, there was a teacher…”I just wish I could 55 her.

1. A．good B．mad C．careless D．curious

2. A．university B．family C．professions D．life

3. A．interview B．find out C．admire D．learn from

4. A．expressed B．ordered C．expected D．meant

5. A．hardly B．nearly C．naturally D．eagerly

6. A．drink B．newspapers C．preparations D．paper

7. A．satisfied B．comfortable C．terrified D．sorry

8. A．student B．journalist C．teacher D．writer

9. A．research B．books C．imagination D．memory

10. A．called B．recognized C．remembered D．visited

11. A．answer B．promise C．stop D．persuade

12. A．how B．whether C．why D．when

13. A．It B．Virginia DeView C．My parents D．My oral report

14. A．breaking in B．getting down C．falling off D．going on

15. A．making up B．listening to C．covering D．writing

16. A．of course B．finally C．doubtfully D．in all

17. A．When B．As long as C．Once D．On condition

18. A．for B．with C．of D．to

19. A．hurt B．excited C．disappointed D．asked

20. A．respect B．support C．thank D．favor

The term “multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.

In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex (前额叶脑皮层). Brian scans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex “moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to anther thought or task, and then took that “moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency (效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.

Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.

We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.

1. Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?

A. To make them more productive.

B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.

C. To develop their communication skills.

D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.

2. According to Paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who has called?

A. He may leave his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.

B. He is probably interrupted by another task.

C. He is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.

D. He may need a rest between dialing and speaking.

3. People tend to make mistakes when ____.

A. they perform several challenging tasks at a time.

B. new messages are processed one after another

C. their relationships with others are affected

D. the tasks require little thought

4. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Multitasking has become a way of life.

B. Multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.

C. Multitasking exercises need to be improved.

D. Multitasking enables people to remember things better.

Everybody hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals of the world – Japan, Los Angeles, Turkey – rats will soon be man’s new best friends.

What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dogs. Why? Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.

How does it work? First , the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal（信号）.This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signals. When rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.

Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that. ” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!

The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Corps in Scotland says, “It would be fantastic. A rat could get into spaces we couldn’t get to, and a rat would get out if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building（but only after an earthquake, of course.）

1．In the world earthquake capitals, rats will bee man’s best friends because they can .

A．take the place of man’s rescue jobs

B．find the position of people alive who are trapped in buildings

C．serve as food for people alive who are trapped in buildings

D．get into small spaces

2．From the third paragraph we know the rescuers can judge a person is alive by .

A．the noise made by the rat

B．the rat’s unusual behaviour

C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back

D．the smell given off by the person

3．In doing rescue jobs, .

A．rats smell better than dogs

B．dogs don’t need to be trained to smell people

C．robots’ sense of smell can be affected by other smells around

D．rats can see in the dark and smaller than robots

4．Rats have all the following advantages except that .

A．they are more fantastic than other animals

B．they are less expensive to train than dogs

C．they don’t need electricity

D．they are small and can get into small places

5．After reading the passage we can know .

A．at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people

B．the “rat project” has been finished

C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building

D．now people still use dogs and robots in saving people

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