Find Which Direction Is South

Do you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way. 

It’s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托)with the job of map-reading actually knows where the family is. You can tell by the slightly confused load on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The shu is shining and it’s still morning. If you don’t know the exact time, you can still find out where south is, but you’ll need to be patient. 

①Find a straight sick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow. 

②Try to position the stick as vertically(垂直)as you can. You can check this by making a simple plumb line (铅锤线)with a piece of string and weight. You haven’t got any string? OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight. 

③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick. 

④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again. 

⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks. 

⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south. 

⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick. 

⑧That point is south of where you are. 

⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling.

6To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because

A. it is not easy to find a proper stick     

B. it is not easy to position the stick

C. it takes hours to make the marks       

D. it takes about half an hour to make the marks

The passage would probably be most helpful to     

A. those who draw maps            B. those who get lost

C. those who make compasses       D. those who do experiments

Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding the direction of south?

The author presents this passage by      . 

A. telling an interesting story         B. describing an activity in a lively way

C. testing an idea by reasoning        D. introducing a practical method


D
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阅读下面短文,并按照题目要求用英语问答问题(请注意问题后词数要求)。

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous; be understanding.

Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you don’t tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.

Generosity(大度) means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes, of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interests. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.

Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve(解决). Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.

No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practise honesty, generosity and understanding.

1.What is the best title of the passage?(no more than 10 words)

2.What does a good friendship begin with?(no more than 8 words)                                                                         

3.How can you help your friends know you better? (no more than 8 words)

4.What can be a first step in solving the problem?(no more than 4 words).

5.将文中画线部分翻译成汉语。

 

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