On many trains and buses, there are some special seats out for senior citizens. A. marking B. marked C. to mark D. mark 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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On many trains and buses, there are some special seats ________ out for senior citizens.

A. marking B. marked C. to mark D. mark

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Your youngest son or daughter has just graduated from high school, and soon he or she will trade his or her bedroom in your home for a college residence hall. You’re starting to worry about the coming silence in your home and are wondering how you will fill the hours that you previously spent with your son or daughter attending his or her school and sporting events.

Take heart — the empty nest “is often worse in anticipation (预料) than in day-to-day practice”, says psychologist Bert Hayslip Jr.

Hayslip, who has studied retirement adjustment (调整) and other aging problems, such as aging sleeplessness, for many years, points out that, more often than not, children who leave do not completely cut off contact with their parents. He advises parents to think of it as a series of life events, instead of a sudden change. He also says an empty nest can cause bigger problems to surface “if a couple hasn’t looked after their marriage while raising their children”. According to Hayslip, some couples may find they no longer have anything in common once the children are out of the house.

Thinking of an empty nest as the loss of children makes the adjustment more difficult. “With the empty-nest syndrome (综合症), parents actually need to deal with the loss of the parenting control over children, not with having really lost their children,” Hayslip says. “They just have to find a new way to get along with their children.”

“Relating to their college-age children in this new way will come easily to parents as the months pass. As with many things, the passage of time heals the pain of loss,” Hayslip says.

1.What does the “empty nest” mean?

A. Children’s cutting off contact with their parents.

B. Children’s not liking spending time with their parents.

C. Children’s growing up and leaving home.

D. Children’s not accepting parents’ care and love.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?

A. Retirement adjustment. B. Aging problem.

C. Sleeplessness. D. The reality of empty nest.

3.Why do many parents find it hard to adjust to the empty-nest life？

A. Because they think they have actually lost their children.

B. Because they often disagree with their children on many things.

C. Because their children completely cut off contact with them.

D. Because these parents don’t have anything in common.

4.According to Hayslip, what parents actually lose in an “empty nest” is _______.

A. their children’s love for them

B. their control over children

C. their interest in life

D. their contact with children

I am a psychologist. I first met Timothy, a quiet, overweight eleven-year-old boy, when his mother brought him to me to discuss his declining grades. A few minutes with Timothy were enough to confirm that his self-esteem(自尊) and general happiness were falling right along with them. I asked about Timothy’s typical day. He awoke every morning at six thirty so he could reach his school by eight and arrived home around four thirty each afternoon. He then had a quick snack, followed by either a piano lesson or a lesson with his math tutor. He finished dinner at 7 pm, and then he sat down to do homework for two to three hours. Quickly doing the math in my head, I found that Timothy spent an average of thirteen hours a day at a writing desk.

What if Timothy spent thirteen hours a day at a sewing machine instead of a desk? We would immediately be shocked, because that would be called children being horribly mistreated. Timothy was far from being mistreated, but the mountain of homework he faced daily resulted in a similar consequence —he was being robbed of his childhood. In fact, Timothy had no time to do anything he truly enjoyed, such as playing video games, watching movies, or playing board games with his friends.

Play, however, is a crucial part of healthy child development. It affects children’s creativity, their social skills, and even their brain development. The absence of play, physical exercise, and freefrom social interaction takes a serious toll on many children. It can also cause significant health problems like childhood obesity, sleep problems and depression.

Experts in the field recommend the minutes children spend on their homework should be no more than ten times the number of their grade level. As a fifthgrader, Timothy should have no more than fifty minutes a day of homework (instead of three times that amount). Having an extra two hours an evening to play, relax, or see a friend would soundly benefit any child’s life quality.

1.What does the underlined word “them” in the first paragraph probably refer to?

A. Timothy’s parents. B. Timothy’s grades.

C. Psychologists. D. The students.

2.What did the writer think of Timothy after learning about his typical day?

A. Timothy was very hardworking.

B. Timothy was being mistreated.

C. Timothy had a heavy burden.

D. Timothy was enjoying his childhood.

3.Which of the following statements best describes the writer’s opinion?

A. Children should be allowed enough time to play.

B. Playing board games works better than playing video games.

C. The more they play, the more creative children will become.

D. The depression caused by homework makes children unwilling to play.

4.According to the passage, how long should a thirdgrader spend a day doing homework?

A. About ten minutes.

B. No more than twenty minutes.

C. No more than thirty minutes.

D. About fifty minutes.

Still waiting for little green men to make contact? Don't hold your breath.

A leading astronomer has concluded there probably aren't any aliens out there – meaning we are absolutely alone in the universe.

Even though there may be tens of thousands of other distant planets similar in size to Earth, the conditions on them are likely to be too hard to support life-forms such as ET.

Dr Howard Smith, a senior astrophysicist at Harvard University, believes there is very little hope of discovering aliens and, even if we did, it would be almost impossible to make contact.

So far astronomers have discovered a total of 500 planets in distant solar systems – known as extrasolar systems – although they believe billions of others exist.

But Dr Smith points out that many of these planets are either too close to the sun or too far away, meaning their surface temperatures are so bad that they could not support life. Others have unusual orbits which cause vast temperature variations, making it impossible for water to exist – the most important thing for life.

Dr Smith said, "We have found that most other planets and solar systems are wildly different from our own. It means it is highly unlikely there are any planets with intelligent life close enough for us to make contact." But his suggestions contradict other leading scientists who have claimed aliens almost certainly exist.

Only last month Professor Stephen Hawking said the fact that there are billions of galaxies out there made it reasonable to think there were other life-forms in the universe.

Researchers from the University of London have recently suggested that aliens could be living on as many as 40,000 other planets. But Dr Smith said: "Any hope of contact has to be limited to a relatively tiny space around the Earth, reaching maybe 1,250 light years out from our planet, where aliens might be able to pick up our signals or send us their own. But communicating would still take decades or centuries."

1.By saying ＂don’t hold your breath＂, the author advised the reader not to _____.

A．keep silent B．give up C．expect so D．be afraid

2.Dr Smith concludes there probably aren’t any aliens because other planets _____.

A．are too far away from the earth

B．are different from the Earth in size

C．don’t have rich natural resources

D．don’t have a suitable living environment

3.Researchers from the University of London are mentioned to show that ______.

A．they have better explanations about aliens

B．aliens certainly exist on many planets

C．they disagree with Dr Smith’s suggestion

D．aliens can pick up signals from the earth

4.What’s the main idea of the text?

A．There must be other life forms in the universe.

B．We can communicate with aliens in decades.

C．The chances of finding aliens are slight.

D．Many other planets are quite different from the Earth.

It was when I was attending high school that I first read Asimov’s stories. At the time, a few SF magazines began to introduce this author and translate a few pieces from his “Robot Series”. Of Asimov’s works, the one that left the deepest impression on me was Pebble in the Sky. This novel directly influenced my early SF writing.

Asimov was one of the leading writers of Western science fiction’s Golden Age, so although his writing may not have a direct influence on writers of today, his underlying （潜在的） influence on many levels is undeniable — the famous Three Laws of Robotics, and many classic writing techniques, for example. Of course, his influence is related to the atmosphere that existed in the Golden Age; a science fiction writer today has a hard time reaching that level no matter how outstanding he or she is. Asimov’s novels are marked by a fully integrated logical system, and his stories are a pleasure to read — this is the reason his novels still attract readers today. Naturally, Western science fiction has few people these days who follow Asimov’s creative methods; instead they are closely connected to mainstream artistic trends, employing large amounts of postmodern techniques. This type of science fiction has a hard time blossoming on Chinese soil. The majority of Chinese SF readers would rather read the classic works of Asimov. This is an important question that faces today’s Chinese science fiction writers.

Compared with the “Robot Series”, Asimov’s “Foundation Series” is a little less well-known in China. This is mostly due to the large influence of the Three Laws, and moreover, the Foundation novels have never been completely introduced here. In fact, the Foundation series creates an entire world, even grander than that of the “Robot Series”; this science fiction epic（史诗） had a direct influence on later Western science fiction, the most famous example being Star Wars.

61. We can know from the passage that the author is a _______ .

A. science fiction writer B. science fiction publisher

C. high school student D. novel translator

62. The Three Laws of Robotics are most probably .

A. stories written by Asimov B. writing techniques employed by Asimov

C. techniques to build robots D. characters in Asimov’s science fiction

63. The main purpose of the passage is to .

A. compare Asimov with other science fiction writers

B. attract people to read Asimov’s stories

C. introduce Asimov’s influence on SF writing

D. explain why Asimov is popular in China

64. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. “Foundation Series” were translated into Chinese earlier than “Robot Series”

B. Science fiction of postmodern style is not popular with Chinese readers

C. Asimov is the greatest science fiction writer in Western countries

D. The writing techniques by Asimov are better than the postmodern ones

65. In the writer’s opinion, Asimov’s “Foundation Series” .

A. were not as successful as his “Robot Series”

B. are better known to Chinese readers than his “Robot Series”

C. were more logically organized than his “Robot Series”

D. were written better than his “Robot Series” in some ways

A healthy amount of sunshine may be the secret to staying young. British scientists have discovered.

Vitamin D is produced naturally by the skin in response to(对…的反应) sunlight and may help to slow the ageing process and protect against heart disease, according to the study.

Researchers from King’s College London studied 2,160 women aged between 18 and 79, looking at their telomeres--- a biological marker of ageing found in DNA. As people get older, their telomeres get shorter and they become more susceptible(易受伤害的) to certain illnesses.

But the study found women with high levels of vitamin D had comparatively longer telomeres--- a sign of being biologically younger and healthier.

The study suggests vitamin D may help to slow down the ageing process of DNA, and therefore the ageing process as a whole.

Lead researcher Dr Brent Richards said, “These results are exciting because they show for the first time that people who have higher levels of vitamin D may age more slowly than people with lower levels of vitamin D.” This could help to explain how vitamin D has a protective effect on many ageing related diseases, such as heart disease and cancer.”

Professor Tim Spector, a co-author of the report, added, “Although it might sound absurd

(荒唐的), it’s possible that the same sunshine which may increase our risk of skin cancer may also have a healthy effect on the general ageing process.”

Vitamin D made by the action of sunlight on the skin accounts for 90 percent of the body’s supply, but lower levels can also be got through food such as fish, eggs and breakfast cereals(粥).

Other studies have suggested the vitamin plays a key role in protecting against cancer and heart disease.

1. A certain amount of sunshine helps people stay young because _____.

A. people feel happy and energetic in the sun

B. sunshine protects people against heart disease

C. vitamin D makes one’s skin look young and healthy

D. vitamin D may help to slow the ageing process

2.From Brent Richards, we know that _____.

A. sunlight causes skin cancer to people with high level of vitamin D

B. the study generally has a healthy effect on the general ageing process

C. vitamin D can only be got from fish, eggs and breakfast cereals

D. the higher levels of vitamin D people have, the more slowly people may age

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Telomeres are important signs of ageing of the DNA.

B. Sunlight can be dangerous as it causes skin cancer.

C. Sunlight does a great deal of good to our health.

D. Vitamin D can also be gained from food.

4. What is the best title of the passage?

A. Secret of Staying Young B. Vitamin D Helps Slow Ageing

C. Sunlight and Vitamin D D. Sunlight and Health

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