Mobile phones are an important business tool for farmers in rural areas．But they also put a valuable educational tool in their hands．
The University of Illinois in the United States has a project called SAWBO-Scientific Animations Without Borders．It produces educational videos that can be downloaded to cell phones．The goal is to help people in developing countries improve their lives．
One video shows farmers how to make a natural insecticide from neem seeds to prevent insect damage to crops．The process starts with sorting and drying the neem fruits．Then let the fruit dry in the sun for about three or four days, until they become brown．Using a mortar(碾槌)and stick, the fruits are slightly pounded to remove the shells from the fruits without breaking the seed inside．
The videos use computer animation(动画)．Some of the animated characters are a little funny looking-like a farmer with a long nose．But the subjects are serious, including a health video on preventing cholera(霍乱)．Team member Francisco Seufferheld says the information in the videos is meant to be quickly understood．He says, “The information is digested in such a way that in two minutes, we can transmit a complex idea．”
The researchers tested the seven-minute video on seven mobile phones．They wanted to see if people would share the video using Bluetooth wireless technology．With Bluetooth, files can be passed to a nearby phone even if neither phone is connected to the Internet．As a result, in one month, the video had spread to one hundred eighteen people in fifty different villages．“This is just incredible impact, ” said Francisco Seufferheld．
The team has made a few videos so far．These are available in a total of eighty languages, dialects and accents．Professor Barry Pittendrigh says there are plans for more videos later this year．
(1)
What is the text mainly about?
[ ]
A．
A best-selling mobile phone
B．
A valuable educational project for farmers
C．
United States support for developing countries
D．
A new type of scientist –farmer relationship
(2)
The SAWBO program is introduced in order to ________．
[ ]
A．
raise farmers’ standard of living
B．
do some research on mobile phones
C．
develop farmers’ practical skills
D．
help farmers prevent insect damage to corps
(3)
The biggest advantage of the program is that it ________．
[ ]
A．
includes health video on preventing cholera
B．
can be passed to farmers using Bluetooth technology
C．
can be used to sort and dry the neem fruits
D．
is easy for farmers to understand
(4)
Which of the following words can best take the place of the word “ pound” in the 3rd paragraph?
Violence often happens in sports．What is the relationship between violence and sports?Psychologists say that there are many reasons for violence at sports events．One is alcohol．Many fans drink a lot at games．When people drink, they are more likely to do abnormal things．Psychologist Denis Brock says,“Quiet people become loud．Normally nonviolent people become destructive．”
David Sampson, a sports sociologist, says,“These are often celebratory riots－a large number of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol．They don't often seem dangerous in the beginning, but things get violent quickly．”
Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd．When individuals are in a large group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility．Edward Hirt, a social Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never do alone．People in crowds feel anonymous－no one knows who they are．Crowds also make people feel powerful．They stop making personal decisions．They just follow the crowd．Social psychologists call this a“mob mentality．”
Dave Zarifis, head of public safety says,“Some people don't even come to celebrate．They want to drink hard and make trouble．Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there．You get a mob mentality．People think it's OK to do almost anything．They think,‘There are so many of us and not enough of them．’”
Social psychologist Dr．Sharon Kennedy says that there are some things officials can do to prevent violence．Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important．Officials should also think of games as“big parties．”Then they will prepare differently．Kennedy says that in Great Britain they are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums．“When you know someone is watching, you are much less likely to behave badly．”
(1)
Which of the following best gives the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
[ ]
A．
One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol．
B．
There are many reasons for violence at sports events．
C．
David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion．
D．
There's a connection between violence and sports
(2)
Which of the following does NOT belong to a“mob mentality”?
[ ]
A．
“It's safe to do what many people are doing．”
B．
“There are so many of us and not enough of them．”
C．
“I must drink some alcohol to stop myself feeling shy．”
D．
“No one knows I'm doing this．”
(3)
How many experts are quoted by the writer of this passage?
[ ]
A．
Two．
B．
Four．
C．
Three．
D．
Five．
(4)
The last paragraph is mainly about ________．
[ ]
A．
how to turn games into big parties
B．
why to install cameras in stadiums
C．
how to avoid oneself behaving badly
D．
how to prevent violence at sports events
(5)
What lesson can we learn from this passage?
[ ]
A．
Never drink any alcohol no matter where you are．
B．
Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something．
C．
Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet．
D．
Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there．
阅读理解
Bobby Moresco grew up in New York’s Hell’s Kitchen, a tough working-class neighborhood on Manhattan’s West Side．But Hell’s Kitchen lies right next door to Broadway, and the bright lights attracted Bobby from the time he was a teen．Being stage-struck was hardly what a street kid could admit to his partners．Fearing their ridicule, he told no one, not even his girlfriend, when he started taking acting lessons at age 17．If you were a kid from the neighborhood, you became a cop, construction worker, longshoreman or criminal．Not an actor．
Moresco struggled to make that long walk a few blocks east．He studied acting, turned out for all the cattle calls, and during the decade of the 1970s made a total of ＄2,000．“I wasn’t a good actor, but I had a driving need to do something different with my life,” he says．
He moved to Hollywood, where he drove a cab and worked as a bartender(酒保)．“My father said, ‘Stop this craziness and get a job; you have a wife and daughter．’’’ But Moresco kept working at his chosen craft．
Then in 1983 his younger brother Thomas was murdered in a mob-linked killing．Moresco moved back to his old neighborhood and started writing as a way to explore the pain and the patrimony(继承物)of Hell’s Kitchen．Half-Deserted Streets, based on his brother’s killing, opened at a small Off-Broadway theater in 1988．A Hollywood producer saw it and asked him to work on a screenplay．
His reputation grew, and he got enough assignments to move back to Hollywood．By 2003, he was again out of work and out of cash when he got a call from Paul Haggis, a director who had befriended him．Haggis wanted help writing a film about the country after September 11．The two worked on the writing, but every studio in town turned it down．They kept pitching it．Studio executives, however, thought no one wanted to see a severe, honest vision of race and fear and lives in collision(冲突、碰撞)in modern America．
Moresco believed so strongly in the script that he borrowed money, sold his house．He and Haggis kept pushing．At last the writers found an independent film producer who would take a chance, but the upfront money was too little, Moresco delayed his salary．
Crash slipped into the theaters in May 2005, and quietly became both a hit and a critical success．It was nominated for six Academy Awards and won three---Best Picture, Best Film Editing and Best Writing(Original Screenplay)by Paul Haggis and the kid from Hell’s Kitchen．
At age 54, Bobby Moresco became an overnight success．“If you have something you want to do in life, don’t think about the problems,” he says, “think about other ways to get it done．”
(1)
Rearrange the following statements in term of time order：
a．His work Half-Deserted Streets drew attention as it opened at a small Off-Broadway theater．
b．Unexpectedly Crash became both a hit and a huge success．
c．He moved to Hollywood to be a taxi driver and a waiter．
d．He started to learn acting in spite of hardness with the belief of doing something different．
e．His younger brother Thomas was killed in conflict among bullies．
[ ]
A．
d; c; e; a; b
B．
d; e; c; b; a
C．
c; d; e; a; b
D．
c; e; d; b; a
(2)
Why Bobby Moresco did not tell anyone that he started taking lessons at age 17?
[ ]
A．
He wanted to give his girlfriend a surprise．
B．
His girlfriend did not allow him to do this．
C．
He was afraid of being laughed at．
D．
He had no talent for acting．
(3)
The Studio executives turned the script Crash down because ________．
[ ]
A．
they thought the script would not be popular
B．
the script was not well written．
C．
they had no money to make the film based on the script．
D．
they thought Moresco was not famous．
(4)
What’s the best title of the passage?
[ ]
A．
The Road to Success
B．
Try It a Different Way
C．
A Talented man---Moresco
D．
Moresco’s Perseverance
(5)
Which of the following can best describe Bobby Moresco?
[ ]
A．
initiative(主动的)and persistent(坚持的)
B．
shy but hardworking
C．
caring and brave
D．
aggressive and modest
阅读理解
What is the relationship between violence and sports? Psychologists say that there are many reasons for violence at sports events．One is alcohol．Many fans drink a lot at games．When people drink, they are more likely to do abnormal things．Psychologist Dennis Brock says, “Quiet people become loud．Normally nonviolent people become destructive．”
David Sampson, a sports sociologist, says, “These are often celebratory riots－ a large number of very happy people mixed in with large amounts of alcohol．They don't often seem dangerous in the beginning, but things get violent quickly．”
Another reason for violence at sports events is the crowd．When individuals are in a large group of people, they can lose their sense of personal responsibility．Edward Hirt, a social Psychologist, says that research shows that people do things in crowds that they would never do alone．People in crowds feel anonymous － no one knows who they are．Crowds also make people feel powerful．They stop making personal decisions．They just follow the crowd．Social psychologists call this a “mob mentality”．
Dave Zarifis, head of public safety says, “Some people don't even come to celebrate．They want to drink hard and make trouble．Someone does something stupid, and it grows from there．You get a mob mentality．People think it's OK to do almost anything．They think, ‘There are so many of us and not enough of them．'
Social psychologist Dr．Sharon Kennedy says that there are some things officials can do to prevent violence．Making sure that an area is not overcrowded is very important．Officials should also think of games as “big parties．” Then they will prepare differently．Kennedy says that in Great Britain they are controlling the problem with cameras in all the stadiums．“When you know someone is watching, you are much less likely to behave badly．”
(1)
Which of the following best gives the main idea of the first two paragraphs?
[ ]
A．
There's a connection between violence and sports
B．
One cause of violence at sports events is alcohol．
C．
There are many reasons for violence at sports events．
D．
David Sampson and Dennis Brock have the same opinion．
(2)
Which of the following does NOT belong to a “mob mentality”?
[ ]
A．
“I must drink some alcohol to stop myself feeling shy．”
B．
“ It's safe to do what many people are doing．”
C．
“There are so many of us and not enough of them．”
D．
“ No one knows I'm doing this．”
(3)
The last paragraph is mainly about ________．
[ ]
A．
how to turn games into big parties
B．
why to install cameras in stadiums
C．
how to prevent violence at sports events
D．
how to avoid oneself behaving badly
(4)
What lesson can we learn from this passage?
[ ]
A．
Never drink any alcohol no matter where you are．
B．
Whenever you are watching a game, you should keep quiet．
C．
Never follow blindly no matter how many people are doing something．
D．
Be careful when you are at a stadium because there are cameras there．
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