In making decisions about what to produce, trade-offs(对半的机会) have to be made between the present and the future. For example, everyone may want to win a home, a car, a telephone or a stereo. Things of 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

In making decisions about what to produce, trade-offs(对半的机会) have to be made between the present and the future. For example, everyone may want to win a home, a car, a telephone or a stereo. Things of this kind that are consumed by people directly are called consumer goods. These products, made for present consumption, require limited resources such as wood, steel and fuel.

If resources are used this way, fewer resources can be used for other purposes. Therefore, societies sometimes decide to go without certain goods in the present so that their people will be better prepared for the future.

Most societies use some of their resources to make capital goods. Capital goods are any products that are used to make other things become more productive in the future. But it also means that the society may have to forego some consumer goods in the present. Therefore what society decides to produce determines the quality of life in both the present and future.

1. Which of the following are limited resources?

A. Wood and oil.

B. Coins and paper money.

C. Radios and TV sets.

D. Goods and products.

2. Capital goods refer to the products such as ______.

A. a car, a telephone and so on

B. food and drink

C. machinery and equipment

D. a computer

3. We make more capital goods in order to ______.

A. make other products for present consumer goods

B. make products for present consumption

C. make a nation’s economy grow in the present

D. help a nation’s economy become more productive in the future

4. How do societies make use of limited resources?

A. Most of their resources are used to make capital goods.

B. A certain number of resources are used to make capital goods.

C. All limited resources are used to make capital goods.

D. Most of their resources are used to make consumer goods.

5. If people want to live a better life in the future, societies have to______.

A. reduce the production of consumer goods

B. increase the production of consumer goods

C. use more resources to make capital goods

D. produce more goods in the future

答案：A;C;D;B;A
提示：

从文中可知，木头和石油属于不可再生资源，故1题选A项。从第三段. Capital goods are any products that are used to make other things become more productive in the future可知，2题答案为C。使用有限资源的最好方法是将它们变成capital goods故4题选B。人们若想将来生活的更好，科学家必须减少consumer goods，故5题选A.

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Two years had passed and l was staring down a report card that highlighted FAII in more than half the subjects．I didn’t care，at least not till my dad found out about it．You see．I studied in India and unlike the United States where the students are expected to finance their own education，my dad financed me．

Then came the day when my dad found out my habit of smoking．He lost his temper but he just told me，“Son，your allowance is cut in half from this moment on”．It hit me like a roundhouse kick（回旋踢） from Bruce Lee．I was jolted（震摇）out of my bones！I couldn’t comprehend how to pay off the debts that I had accumulated in college．I owed everybody money：the grocery store，the bars．the restaurants，my friends，etc．I was living a life filled with credit．

When I went back to college，I knew that if I don’t change the way I live my life I won’t be able to pay everybody off．So I decided to make some changes．drastic changes．I quit smoking，cut off from my friends who led me down the wrong road，starting hanging out in libraries and reading my engineering books．

One year later，I went from a miserable failure to a magna curn laude（优等成绩）．Life was never the same again．This incident made me know that anything is possible if you take action and do something about it，however small or large．Even today it still motivates me when I feel that l’m about to lose or give up．It reminds me that I can do it！

The author wrote this text with the purpose of ．

A．introducing his university life to the teenage readers

B．showing you can overcome any difficulty if you take action

C．calling on the readers not to develop bad habits in college

D．introducing his university life to the teenage readers

The author didn’t care about his study until ．

A．he was in heavy debt he couldn’t bear B．he decided to give up smoking

C．his allowance was cut in half D．he entered the engineering school

The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means that the author ．

A．removed his bad habits and didn’t lead a casual life

B．never hung out with his friends but studied all day

C．began to live a happy life due to his good grades

D．paid off his debt and life wasn’t hard for him any more

Which of the following statements is TRUE？

A．The author did well in making good friends in the school．

B．The author made great progress with the help of his friends．

C．Students were encouraged to do part-time jobs in Indian schools．

D．Students tended to earn money for college expenses in America．

Besides Tom, ________ Crosettes have two other sons, __________ of whom are all interested in making model planes.

A. 不填; two B. 不填; the two

C. the, three D. the, the three

Making fists is relaxing. It dictates the shape of the immediate future; it calms you down (it’s OK, it’s on a list somewhere) and it makes you feel good when you cross something off 0ist-making is standard practice in therapy for depression). It might even help you to get things done too. The more you have to do, the more you need a list and few people with high-powered jobs get by without them. Women always think they’re better at lists than men. Men tend to have Tasks which they assemble’ into Action Plans whereas women just have lists of Things To Do.

James Oliver, psychologist, has created his own “time management matrix (模式)”. He writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories: things that have to be done straight away, other things that it would be good to do today, things that are important but haven’t got to be done immediately and things that are less urgent but that he doesn’t want to forget. “Using categories to order the world is the way the human mind works,” he says. “After that, you should divide things into levels of importance.” But he also warns, “If people get too absorbed in making fists, it doesn’t work. They have too many categories and lose their ability to decide which is the most important.”

It’s all a question of what works best for you, whether it’s a tidy notebook, a packet of Post-it notes or the back of your hand． Having tried all these, student Kate Rollins relies on a computerized list, which is printed out each morning. “My electronic organizer has changed my life,” she says. “Up to now, I’ve always relied on my good memory, but now that I’m working and studying, I find I’ve got too much to keep in my head．”

So what are you waiting for? No, you’re not too busy to make today the first day of your upgraded time-managed life. In fact, there’s no better time titan the present to begin to take increased control of your work and life. So, get out your pencil and pen and make a list.

The main purpose of making lists is to .

A．help map out one’s future B．divide things into levels of importance

C．treat certain diseases such as depression D．organize one’s work and life reasonably

We can learn from the passage that .

A．good memory helps in list making

B．too much’ listing might be misleading

C．women usually make a lot more lists than men

D．people with high-powered jobs make lists most

The word “categories” in paragraph 2 most probably has the same meaning as“ ”.

A．groups B．portions C．items D．areas

In this passage the author intends to .

A．suggest a way of raising one’s living standard

B．introduce some ways of business management

C．urge people to develop the habit of listing

D．warn people not to rely on their memory

We each have a unique genetic (基因的，遗传的) make-up. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents’ genes. Except for identical twins (同卵双胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique! You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.

But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.

Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.

Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.

We could ask, “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.

1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A. We cannot easily change our physical appearance.

B. How we turn out depends on our parents’ genes.

C. Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world.

D. Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are.

2.Why are scientists studying twins?

A. To find out how many twins are born every year.

B. To discover what shapes us as individuals.

C. To compare differences between twins.

D. To study brother-and-sister relationships.

3.According to the passage, __________.

A. one in 70 twins are genetically identical

B. non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex

C. twins separated at birth behave exactly the same

D. identical twins are genetically the same

4.Which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?

A. Eating habits. B. Eye-sight. C. Pain resistance. D. Marriage patterns.

5.What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. Our love of sport. B. Our attitude to risk-taking.

C. Our skill at bungee jumping. D. Our ability to take drugs.

The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are as closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market.

In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting（报价）, what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor's offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.

Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important channels to get market information. The Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities. Of course, there are some other ways of making market investigations.

1.In making market investigations, one should ______.

A. get enough information concerned B. advertise his products

C. produce high quality goods D. none of the above

2.The word "indispensable" in the first line means ______.

A. impossible B. necessary

C. advisable D. available

3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The relationship between market investigation and sales promotion is just as that of the lips and

teeth.

B. It is impossible to succeed in selling a product without market investigation.

C. There are various ways of making market investigation.

D. Production goes before market investigation.

4.All the following are channels to get market information except ________.

A. to have commercial counsellor' s office of our embassies stationed abroad

B. to promote the quality of our own products

C. to send trade groups abroad every now and then

D. to have face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen

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