题目内容

When expressing his opinions in public, Jim is always _______, fearing that he may make mistakes．

[　　]
A．

confused

B．

curious

C．

delighted

D．

cautious

答案：D
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Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”! I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.
First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if your attitude is positive. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.
Second, they are afraid of making mistakes. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY（准确性）. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using the right words and spelling them correctly. However, in speaking your aim is fluency. You want to get your message across, to talk to someone in English, as quickly and as well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter because the person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.
The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All that hearing was necessary for you to start speaking.
Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English, they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.
If you do not use your English beyond the classroom, you will forget what English you know. Remember: USE IT OR LOSE IT! You can learn how to speak English better by speaking English more.
【小题1】What is most probably the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To improve your reading.
B．To improve your listening.
C．To improve your spoken English.
D．To improve your vocabulary.
【小题2】It can be inferred from the third paragraph that______.
A．don’t be fluency , Just be accuracy
B．don’t be nervous ,don’t be shy . Just write!
C．don’t be afraid of making mistakes . Just speak!
D．don’t be shy ,don’t be fluency. Just listen and write!
【小题3】The last paragraph is possibly close to the meaning of “_____”.
A．more hurry, less speed B．better late than never
C．silence is goldD．practice makes perfect
【小题4】The text is most probably taken from a ______.
A．teacher’s diary B．report on study
C．sports newspaper D．movie magazine

请仔细阅读下列文章，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格中的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每空只填一个单词。
When difficult people expresses themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: they’ve been heard and they’ve been understood. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocated toward good listening.
The first step is cooperating. How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding? In fact, it’s through the way you look and sound while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.
When the person begins to repeat what’s been said, it’s a signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that you’ve listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.
Having heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask same open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.
The fourth step is to summarize what you’ve heard. This allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if you’ve missed something, he can fill in the details. Second you’ve shown that you’re making an effort to understand completely. This increases possibility of gaining cooperation from him.
Having listened carefully, you’ve now arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels satisfied that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.
Then enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and more cooperative.

【小题1】   ▲ 
Listen to understand
Reason
Difficult people hope they have been heard and【小题2】 ▲ when they express themselves.
【小题3】 ▲  towards listening
◆【小题4】  ▲  in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.
◆Repeat some 【小题5】 ▲   that you have heard.
◆Collect information about the person’s expressions and find his 【小题6】 ▲ .
◆Give a 【小题7】 ▲  of what the person has said.
◆Confirm that the person gains 【小题8】  ▲  from speaking his thoughts.
Result
A difficult person will be 【小题9】▲  to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.
【小题10】 ▲ 
You may unlock the doors to difficult people’s minds after you listen and understand.
 

Whenever we meet with difficulty or failure, teachers, parents or others often say to us or perhaps we say to ourselves, “Never give up.” These can be encouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in himself will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In my opinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have. Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.
One reason is that if we give up too easily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we should not feel disappointed and should try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not be able to develop new skills and grow.
Another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes so that we can not make the same ones. If we do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted.
Finally, we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives. If we never challenge ourselves, we will begin to doubt our abilities.
In short, it is important that we do not give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not, we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better and more confident. Furthermore, if we give up, we have no chance of attaining our goals any more, but if we keep making great efforts, there is always a chance that we will succeed one day.
Topic: Never Give Up

 
Possible meanings and the author’s opinions
? The words “Never give up” can__1__ others or oneself and express one’s determination.
? A person who wants to succeed should have the___2___ of determination. So we should never give up.
 
______3____
?If we give up too easily, maybe we will achieve ____4___, so when we fail in our first attempt at something new, we should not__5____ ourselves but try again.
? Always giving up means that we will not be able to __6___ any progress.
? Never giving up will make us learn from the mistakes we’ve made before and learn the ___7____ so as not to make the same mistakes.
? To reach our goals and develop the confidence which can help us __8___ourselves, we must not give up but challenge ourselves.
Conclusions
If you give up, you will have no_9____of reaching your goals. Never give up and you will ___10___ sooner or later.

When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,认识):

 (1)  Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences.

(2)    Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.

(3)    Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行窃).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(顽皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…

1.The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.

A. our hearing and visual abilities            

B. cultural background and personal experiences

C. the experience one learns from others                                    

D. critical measures taken by other people

2.While observing a particular person,________.

A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration         

B. one pays more attention to his/her advantages

C. children often differ from grown-ups in perception     

D. one tends to choose certain aspects to look at

3.Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____.

A. they follow different standards    

B. either of them may be slow to catch information

C. the time for observation is not long enough

D. each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions

4. The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.

A. something attractive                   

B. selective perception           

C. contradictory information           

D. shoplifting

5.The worst thing in selective perception is that ______.

A. the information received runs against your desire

B. facts can be twisted or totally ignored

C. importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估计过高)

D. misbehaved children may not be punished

 

I never thought I would have a life-changing experience at Wal-Mart.

Although my thoughts were only on speed, the checkout line I was standing in wasn't moving as quickly as I wanted, and I glanced toward the cashier.

There stood a man in his seventies, wearing glasses and a nice smile. I thought, well, he's an old guy!

For the next few minutes I watched him. He greeted every customer before scanning the items. Sure, his words were the usual, "How's it going?" But he did something different--he actually listened to people. Then he would respond to what they had said and engage them in brief conversation.

I thought it was odd. I has grown accustomed to people asking me how I was doing simply out of robotic conversational habit. After a while, you don't give any thought to the question and just mumble something back. I could say, "I just found out I have six months to live," and someone would reply, "Have a great day!"

But that wasn't the end.

He gave them the change, walked around the counter, and extended his right hand in an act of friendship. He looked the customers in the eyes. "I sure want to thank you for shopping here today," he told them. "You have a great day. Bye-bye."

The looks on the faces of the customers were priceless. There were smiles and some sheepish grins. All had been touched by his simple gesture--and in a place they never expected. They would gather their things and walk out, smiling.

Of course, he did the same to me and I got to know his name--Marty.

Who was that guy? It was as if Sam Walton had come back from the dead and invaded this old guy's body.

 I had never walked away from that shop feeling like that.

1.What was most customers' reaction to Marty's behavior?

A. They thought it priceless.

B. They thought it awful and odd.

C. They felt somewhat offended.

D. They were in some way moved.

2.The checkout line the writer was standing in moved slower than expected because______

A. the cashier did more than scanning the items

B. the cashier couldn't work as fast as others

C. there were some big purchases

D. the writer was not patient enough

3.What can we infer about Sam Walton?

A. He might be Marty's father or grandfather.

B. He might have died while working in the market.

C. He might be friendly and devoted to Wal-Mart.

D. He might have come back from the dead once before.

4.According to the writer, when common people ask you "How's it going?"

A. they are just practicing their conversation ability

B. they are inquiring about your private information

C. they don't expect to hear any negative answers

D. they don't really care what you may answer

5.What does the writer intend to express through the text?

A. Our everyday life is always full of surprises.

B. Being different is a good way of doing business.

C. A little positive action can make a big difference.

D. Most customers enjoy being treated this way.

 

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