The history of modern art begins with Impressionism, a movement started in Paris in the mid-1800’s. At that time many artists painted in a very traditional way that involved spending hours in a studio, painstakingly (辛苦地) creating paintings that were extremely detailed. These paintings were sometimes of people or landscapes or historical events. In 1863, Edouard Manet exhibited his painting “Dejeuner sur l’erbe” at the Salon des Refuses. The painting caused a commotion (骚动), thus starting the Impressionist movement. Although Edouard Manet is the declared leader and founder of the group, he was not present at the first group exhibition or any of the other eight collective Impressionist shows. The movement gained more attention in the April of 1874 when Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Jean-Frédéric Bazille formed Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Engravers and began exhibiting outside of the official salon. The same year, the term Impressionism was invented by criticizing (批评的) journalist Louis Leroy to describe their paintings, who worked for the magazine Le Charivari.
The Impressionists often paint out of doors and want to show how light and shadow fall on objects at particular times of the day. Their works are sometimes described as “captured moments” and are characterized by short quick brushstrokes (笔) of colour which, when viewed up close looks quite messy and unreal. If we step back from the Impressionist paintings, the colours are blended together by our eyes and we are able to see the painters’ subjects which often show colourful landscapes, sunlight on water as well as people busy with outdoor activities.
【小题1】Before Impressionism, the works of artists were         .

A.quite abstractB.very confusing
C.very detailed D.quite controversial
【小题2】Who first started Impressionism? ___________
A.Claude Monet.B.Edouard Manet.
C.Auguste Renoir.D.Alfred Sisley.
【小题3】 The works of the Impressionists are best viewed         .
A.with imagination B.at a distance
C.outdoors D.in a studio
【小题4】The second paragraph is mainly about ______.
A.the painting style of the Impressionists
B.how to describe the Impressionist paintings
C.the influences of the Impressionist paintings
D.the subjects of the Impressionist paintings

The history of modern art begins with Impressionism, a movement started in Paris in the mid-1800’s. At that time many artists painted in a very traditional way that involved spending hours in a studio, painstakingly (辛苦地) creating paintings that were extremely detailed. These paintings were sometimes of people or landscapes or historical events. In 1863, Edouard Manet exhibited his painting “Dejeuner sur l’erbe” at the Salon des Refuses. The painting caused a commotion (骚动), thus starting the Impressionist movement. Although Edouard Manet is the declared leader and founder of the group, he was not present at the first group exhibition or any of the other eight collective Impressionist shows. The movement gained more attention in the April of 1874 when Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Jean-Frédéric Bazille formed Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Engravers and began exhibiting outside of the official salon. The same year, the term Impressionism was invented by criticizing (批评的) journalist Louis Leroy to describe their paintings, who worked for the magazine Le Charivari.

The Impressionists often paint out of doors and want to show how light and shadow fall on objects at particular times of the day. Their works are sometimes described as “captured moments” and are characterized by short quick brushstrokes (笔) of colour which, when viewed up close looks quite messy and unreal. If we step back from the Impressionist paintings, the colours are blended together by our eyes and we are able to see the painters’ subjects which often show colourful landscapes, sunlight on water as well as people busy with outdoor activities.

1.Before Impressionism, the works of artists were         .

A. quite abstract                     B. very confusing

C. very detailed                D. quite controversial

2.Who first started Impressionism? ___________

A. Claude Monet.                 B. Edouard Manet.

C. Auguste Renoir.             D. Alfred Sisley.

3.The works of the Impressionists are best viewed         .

A. with imagination     B. at a distance

C. outdoors                  D. in a studio

4.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.

A. the painting style of the Impressionists

B. how to describe the Impressionist paintings

C. the influences of the Impressionist paintings

D. the subjects of the Impressionist paintings

 

The history of modern art begins with Impressionism, a movement started in Paris in the mid-1800’s. At that time many artists painted in a very traditional way that involved spending hours in a studio, painstakingly (辛苦地) creating paintings that were extremely detailed. These paintings were sometimes of people or landscapes or historical events. In 1863, Edouard Manet exhibited his painting “Dejeuner sur l’erbe” at the Salon des Refuses. The painting caused a commotion (骚动), thus starting the Impressionist movement. Although Edouard Manet is the declared leader and founder of the group, he was not present at the first group exhibition or any of the other eight collective Impressionist shows. The movement gained more attention in the April of 1874 when Claude Monet, Auguste Renoir, Alfred Sisley, and Jean-Frédéric Bazille formed Society of Artists, Painters, Sculptors, Engravers and began exhibiting outside of the official salon. The same year, the term Impressionism was invented by criticizing (批评的) journalist Louis Leroy to describe their paintings, who worked for the magazine Le Charivari.

The Impressionists often paint out of doors and want to show how light and shadow fall on objects at particular times of the day. Their works are sometimes described as “captured moments” and are characterized by short quick brushstrokes (笔) of colour which, when viewed up close looks quite messy and unreal. If we step back from the Impressionist paintings, the colours are blended together by our eyes and we are able to see the painters’ subjects which often show colourful landscapes, sunlight on water as well as people busy with outdoor activities.

1.Before Impressionism, the works of artists were         .

A.quite abstract

B.very confusing

C.very detailed

D.quite controversial

2.Who first started Impressionism? ___________

A.Claude Monet.

B.Edouard Manet.

C.Auguste Renoir.

D.Alfred Sisley.

3. The works of the Impressionists are best viewed         .

A.with imagination

B.at a distance

C.outdoors

D.in a studio

4.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.

A.the painting style of the Impressionists

B.how to describe the Impressionist paintings

C.the influences of the Impressionist paintings

D.the subjects of the Impressionist paintings

 

Happy birthday! Do birthday really make people happy? Of course they do.Birthday celebrate the day when we were born.Besides, that extra candle on the cake suggest another year of growth and maturity(成熟)—or so we hope.We all like to imagine that we are getting wiser and not just older.Most of us enjoy seeing the wonder of growth in others, as well.For instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proud.For Americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful process.But growing old? That is a different story.
Growing old is not exactly for people in youth-oriented(以年轻人为中心)American culture.Most Americans like to look young, act young and feel young.As the old saying goes, “You’re young as you feel.” Older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years old.People in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdom.But Americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least “young at heart”.
Many older Americans find the “golden years” to be anything but golden.Economically, “senior citizens” often struggle just to get by.Retirement at the age of 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal income.Social security benefits usually cannot make up the difference.Older people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care, and housing.Some even experience age discrimination(歧视).American sociologist Pat Moore once dressed up like an older person and wandered city streets.She was often treated rudely--even cheated and robbed.However, dressed as a young person, she received much more respect.
Unfortunately, the elderly population in America is increasing fast.Why? People are living longer.Fewer babies are being born.And middle-aged “baby boomers” are rapidly entering the group of the elderly.America may soon be a place where wrinkles(皱纹)are “in”.Marketing experts are ready noticing this growing group of consumer.

Title: Different Opinions About 71._____________

Items

Des criptions / Details

General idea

Growing older, being mature and wiser

72.__________

73._______

A wonderful process: children 74.__________  new things, enjoying another birthday party

About the old

Being respected by the young

75._______ as a source of experience and wisdom

Living happily in the 76._________

Negative attitude

Never being young again

Feeling lonely in a youth-oriented culture

77.___________ problem: personal income 78.___________

Health problem: suffering from poor nutrition and other diseases

Housing problems: poor and simple

79._________ problems: being ill-treated --- experiencing age discrimination, cheating and robbery

Solution

Improving 80._________________ benefits

The young caring for and respecting the old

 

 

Sixteen-year-old Karlos Dearman's future is looking much brighter than he might  previously have imagined. Karlos is learning to refurbish (翻新 ) old bicycles in the workshop of Recycle Bikes, a local community charity in Sheffield, which has a contract with the city council to provide training opportunities for young people aged 14 to 16, particularly those struggling in mainstream education or excluded from school.

    "It's about engaging youngsters with education and youth training by teaching them work and life skills," explains Des Pearee, workshop training manager. "These young people have so much potential, but often don't realize it."

     Established in 2001, Recycle Bikes repairs bicycles donated by the public, which, once restored, are sold for ~20, Abandoned bikes supplied by the council ensure a steady flow of bike~, but a recently formed partnership with Sheffield University shoed improve further the prospects of the young mechanics.

    "The student population, presents a large and ready market, so we approached the  university last year and offered to host bike sales on the campus. They thought it was a great idea, and agreed to supplement our council funding. This means we can train youngsters to repair extra 500 bikes over three years, and fund Karlos's apprenticeship."

 Des Pearce told the city media.

    Having set up Recycle Bikes on his own, Pearce now has the staff and resources to track the career development of those who have passed through his workshop. "But we are planning exit interviews with the young people to make sure what they plan to do, and these Will allow us to check on their progress." says Pearce.

    That most of the teenagers enjoy the work is; according to Pearce, easily explained. "Most kids have ridden a .bike and know how to oil a chain or mend a puncture (穿孔).

 As low-cost transport, cycling gives, the young and old a sense of freedom and independence,  and the impact on their well-being is immense. Add to that a growing concern for the environment, and it's no surprise that bike sales are on the increase."

41. What do we know about Recycle Bikes?

     A. It is a popular brand of bikes which are sold in Sheffield,

     B. It is a local community charity that provides training opportunities for young people.

     C. It is a contract signed between a local community charity and the city council.

     D. It is a training program offered by the city council to those excluded from school.

42. How did Recycle Bikes run at the beginning?

     A. By repairing bicycles donated by the public and selling them.

     B. By donations from the public and Sheffield University.

     C. By selling bicycles supplied by the city council.

     D. By tuition fees (学费 from kids aged between 14 and 16.

43. Recycle Bikes has formed a partnership with Sheffield University because

     A. students at Sheffield University assure a large and ready market

     B. Sheffield University offers many mechanical teachers to Recycle Bikes

     C. Sheffield University donates a lot of money to Recycle Bikes

     D. teenagers at Recycle Bikes can study at Sheffield University in the future

44. What does Recycle Bikes do now is to

     A. give accurate information to schools

     B. tell the truth in interviews

      C. attempt to track students' career development

     D. organize all the trainings in this way

45. According to Pearee, why do most of the teenagers enjoy the work?

     A. Most kids want to learn how to repair bikes.

     B. Teenagers don’t have enough money to buy cars.

     C. Youngsters care more about bikes than adults.

     D. Teenagers are familiar with hikes and they have a passion for them.

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