题目内容
向量
,
,
,
满足:|
|=1,|
|=
,
在
方向上的投影为
,(
-
)•(
-
)=0,|
-
|=1,则|
|的最大值是
| a |
| b |
| c |
| d |
| a |
| b |
| 2 |
| b |
| a |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| a |
| c |
| b |
| c |
| d |
| c |
| d |
2+
| ||
| 2 |
2+
.
| ||
| 2 |
分析:利用投影可得
•
=
,由(
-
)•(
-
)=0,展开可得
•
-(
+
)•
+
2=0,化为
+
2=(
+
)•
,两边平方得
+
2+
4=(
2+
2+2
•
)×
2,
化为4
4-12
2+1=0,解得
2=
,取
2=
,则|
|=
.再利用|
-
|=1,可得1≥|
|-|
|,于是|
|≤|
|+1即可得出.
| a |
| b |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| a |
| c |
| b |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| c |
| c |
| 1 |
| 2 |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| c |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| c |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| c |
化为4
| c |
| c |
| c |
6±2
| ||
| 4 |
| c |
6+2
| ||
| 4 |
| c |
2+
| ||
| 2 |
| d |
| c |
| d |
| c |
| d |
| c |
解答:解:∵
在
方向上的投影为
,
∴|
|cos<
,
>=
.
∴
•
=|
| |
|cos<
,
>=
.
∵(
-
)•(
-
)=0,∴
•
-(
+
)•
+
2=0,
化为
+
2=(
+
)•
,两边平方得
+
2+
4=(
2+
2+2
•
)×
2,
化为4
4-12
2+1=0,
解得
2=
,取
2=
,则|
|=
.
∵|
-
|=1,∴1≥|
|-|
|,即|
|≤|
|+1=2+
.
| b |
| a |
| 1 |
| 2 |
∴|
| b |
| a |
| b |
| 1 |
| 2 |
∴
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| 1 |
| 2 |
∵(
| a |
| c |
| b |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| c |
| c |
化为
| 1 |
| 2 |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| c |
| 1 |
| 4 |
| c |
| c |
| a |
| b |
| a |
| b |
| c |
化为4
| c |
| c |
解得
| c |
6±2
| ||
| 4 |
| c |
6+2
| ||
| 4 |
| c |
2+
| ||
| 2 |
∵|
| d |
| c |
| d |
| c |
| d |
| c |
| ||
| 2 |
点评:本题考查了向量的数量积运算、投影、向量不等式等基础知识与基本方法,属于难题.
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