Question

£¨2007?ÉÇÍ·¶þÄ££©2012Äê6ÔÂ16ÈÕÎÒ¹ú³É¹¦·¢ÉäÁË¡°ÉñÖݾźš±£®Õâ±êÖ¾×ÅÖйúÈ˵ÄÌ«¿Õʱ´úÓÖÇ°½øÁËÒ»´ó²½£®·¢Éä¡°Éñ¾Å¡±Ê±ÓÃ루N₂H₄£©×÷Ϊ»ð¼ý·¢¶¯»úµÄȼÁÏ£¬NO₂ΪÑõ»¯¼Á£¬·´Ó¦Éú³ÉN₂ºÍË®ÕôÆø£®ÒÑÖª£º
N₂£¨g£©+2O₂£¨g£©=2NO₂£¨g£©£»¡÷H=+67.7kJ/mol
N₂H₄£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©=N₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-534kJ/mol
ÏÂÁйØÓÚëºÍNO₂·´Ó¦µÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÖУ¬ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

• A£®2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨l£©£»¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol
• B£®2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-1000.3 kJ/mol
• C£®N₂H₄£¨g£©+NO₂£¨g£©=

  3

  2

  N₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨l£©£»¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol
• D£®2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£º¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬ÓÉÒÑÖªÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ³ËÒÔºÏÊʵÄϵÊý½øÐмӼõ¹¹ÔìÄ¿±êÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£¬·´Ó¦ÈÈÒ²³ËÒÔÏàÓ¦µÄϵÊý½øÐÐÏàÓ¦µÄÔËË㣮

½â´ð£º½â£ºÒÑÖª£º¢ÙN₂£¨g£©+2O₂£¨g£©=2NO₂£¨g£©£»¡÷H=+67.7kJ/mol
¢ÚN₂H₄£¨g£©+O₂£¨g£©=N₂£¨g£©+2H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-534kJ/mol
¸ù¾Ý¸Ç˹¶¨ÂÉ£¬¢Ú¡Á2-¢ÙµÃ2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©£»¹Ê¡÷H=2¡Á£¨-534kJ/£©-67.7kJ/mol=-1135.7 kJ/mol£¬
ëºÍNO₂Éú³ÉN₂ºÍË®ÕôÆøµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol£¬
A¡¢Ë®µÄ״̬ӦΪÆø̬£¬²»ÊÇҺ̬£¬¹ÊA´íÎó£»
B¡¢·´Ó¦ÈÈΪ¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol£¬²»ÊÇ¡÷H=-1000.3 kJ/mol£¬¹ÊB´íÎó£»
C¡¢1molN₂H₄£¨g£©·´Ó¦£¬Ë®µÄ״̬ӦΪÆø̬£¬²»ÊÇҺ̬£¬·´Ó¦ÈÈΪ¡÷H=-567.86 kJ/mol£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢ÓÉÉÏÊö·ÖÎö¿ÉÖª£¬ëºÍNO₂Éú³ÉN₂ºÍË®ÕôÆøµÄÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2N₂H₄£¨g£©+2NO₂£¨g£©=3N₂£¨g£©+4H₂O£¨g£©£»¡÷H=-1135.7 kJ/mol£¬¹ÊDÕýÈ·£»
¹ÊÑ¡D£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éÈÈ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд£¬ÄѶȲ»´ó£¬×¢ÒâÊéд¹æÔòÓë¸Ç˹¶¨ÂɵÄÀûÓã®