Question

£¨2009?½­ÃÅһģ£©ÏÂÁÐÈÜÒºÖÐÓйØÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶È¹Øϵ²»ÕýÈ·µÄÊÇ£¨¡¡¡¡£©

A£®pH=2µÄHAÈÜÒºÓëpH=12µÄMOHÈÜÒºÈÎÒâ±È»ìºÏ£ºc£¨H⁺£©+c£¨M⁺£©=c£¨OH⁺£©+c£¨A⁺£©

B£®ÔÚ0.1 mol?L^-NH₄ClÈÜÒºÖУ¬c£¨H⁺£©=c£¨NH₃?H₂O£©+c£¨OH^-£©

C£®ÎïÖʵÄÁ¿Å¨¶ÈÏàµÈCH₃COOHºÍ CH₃COONaÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏ£ºc(CH2COO-)+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨CH₂COOH£©

D£®0£®lmol/L´×Ëá±µÈÜÒºÖУ¬c£¨B¦Á²⁺£©£¾c(CH2COO-)£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©

Answer 1

·ÖÎö£ºA¡¢ÈκÎÈÜÒºÖдæÔÚµçºÉÊغ㣻
B¡¢¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеÄÖÊ×ÓÊغãÀ´»Ø´ð£»
C¡¢CH₃COOHºÍ CH₃COONaÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬¸ù¾ÝÈÜÒºÖеÄÊغã¹ØϵÀ´»Ø´ð£»
D¡¢¸ù¾Ý´×Ëá±µÈÜÒºÖеĵçÀëºÍË®½âƽºâ֪ʶÀ´»Ø´ð£®

½â´ð£º½â£ºA¡¢ÔÚ»ìºÏºóµÄÈÜÒºÖУ¬´æÔÚµÄÀë×Ó×ñÑ­µçºÉÊغ㣬¼´c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨M⁺£©=c£¨OH⁺£©+c£¨A⁺£©£¬¹ÊAÕýÈ·£»
B¡¢ÔÚÂÈ»¯ï§ÈÜÒºÖУ¬´æÔÚÖÊ×ÓÊغãc£¨H⁺£©=c£¨NH₃?H₂O£©+c£¨OH^-£©£¬¹ÊBÕýÈ·£»
C¡¢ÈÜÒºµÈÌå»ý»ìºÏºó£¬¸ù¾ÝµçºÉÊغ㣺c£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨OH^-£©=c£¨H⁺£©+c£¨Na⁺£©£¬»ìºÏÈÜÒºÖл¹´æÔÚc£¨CH₃COO^-£©+c£¨CH₃COOH£©=2c£¨Na⁺£©£¬µ«ÊÇc£¨CH₃COOH£©¡Ùc£¨Na⁺£©£¬¹ÊC´íÎó£»
D¡¢´×Ëá±µÈÜÒºÖУ¬¸ù¾ÝµçÀëÇé¿ö¿ÉÖª£ºc£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨B¦Á²⁺£©£¬ÈÜÒºÖд×Ëá¸ùÀë×ÓË®½âÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬
ËùÒÔc£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬¼´c£¨CH₃COO^-£©£¾c£¨B¦Á²⁺£©£¾c£¨OH^-£©£¾c£¨H⁺£©£¬¹ÊD´íÎó£®
¹ÊÑ¡CD£®

µãÆÀ£º±¾Ì⿼²éѧÉúÈÜÒºÖеÄÊغã¹ØϵÒÔ¼°Àë×ÓŨ¶È´óС±È½Ï֪ʶ£¬×ÛºÏÐÔ½ÏÇ¿£¬ÄѶȴó£®