ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
(1)A¡¢B¡¢CÊÇÖÐѧ»¯Ñ§³£¼ûµÄÈýÖÖÓÐÉ«ÎïÖÊ£¨Æä×é³ÉÔªËØ¾ùÊô¶ÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØ£©£¬Ä¦¶ûÖÊÁ¿ÒÀ´ÎÔö´ó£¬ËüÃǾùÄÜÓëË®·¢ÉúÑõ»¯»¹Ô·´Ó¦£¬µ«Ë®¼È²»ÊÇÑõ»¯¼ÁÒ²²»ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£¬Çëд³öA¡¢B¡¢CÓëË®·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
A+H2O________________£» B+H2O__________________ C+H2O__________________
(2)D¡¢E¡¢FÊǶÌÖÜÆÚÔªËØ×é³ÉµÄÎïÖÊ£¬DºÍË®·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ë®ÊÇÑõ»¯¼Á£¬EºÍË®·´Ó¦¹ý³ÌÖУ¬Ë®ÊÇ»¹Ô¼Á£¬FºÍË®·¢Éú¸´·Ö½â·´Ó¦¡£Çëд³öD¡¢E¡¢FÓëË®·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ£º
D+H2O_________________£» E+H2O_________________£» F+H2O________________¡£
(2)2Na+2H2O=2NaOH+H2¡ü£»2F2+2H2O=4HF+O2£»Al2S3+6H2O=2Al(OH)3¡ý+3H2S¡ü
£¨1£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×ÓÔÚ»ù̬ʱºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª
£¨2£©H2O·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×Ó²ÉÈ¡µÄÊÇ
£¨3£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÈÝÒ׵õ½Ò»¸öH+ÐγÉË®ºÏÇâÀë×Ó£¨H3O+£©£®¶ÔÉÏÊö¹ý³ÌµÄÏÂÁÐÃèÊö²»ºÏÀíµÄÊÇ
A£®ÑõÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍ·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä B£®Î¢Á£µÄÐÎ×´·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä
C£®Ë®·Ö×ÓÈÔ±£ÁôËüµÄ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ D£®Î¢Á£Öеļü½Ç·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä
£¨4£©ÏÂÁÐÊÇÄÆ¡¢µâ¡¢½ð¸Õʯ¡¢¸É±ù¡¢ÂÈ»¯Äƾ§ÌåµÄ¾§°ûͼ£¨Î´°´Ë³ÐòÅÅÐò£©£®Óë±ùµÄ¾§Ìå
ÀàÐÍÏàͬµÄÊÇ
£¨5£©ÔÚ±ù¾§ÌåÖУ¬Ã¿¸öË®·Ö×ÓÓëÏàÁÚµÄ4¸öË®·Ö×ÓÐγÉÇâ¼ü£¨ÈçͼËùʾ£©£¬ÒÑÖª±ùµÄÉý»ªÈÈÊÇ51kJ/mol£¬³ýÇâ¼üÍ⣬ˮ·Ö×Ӽ仹´æÔÚ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦£¨11kJ/mol£©£¬Ôò±ù¾§ÌåÖÐÇâ¼üµÄ¡°¼üÄÜ¡±ÊÇ
£¨6£©½«°×É«µÄÎÞË®CuSO4ÈܽâÓÚË®ÖУ¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÀ¶É«£¬ÊÇÒòΪÉú³ÉÁËÒ»ÖÖ³ÊÀ¶É«µÄÅäºÏÀë×Ó£®Çëд³öÉú³É´ËÅäºÏÀë×ÓµÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º
£¨7£©ÒÑÖªÏÂÁÐÔªËØµÄµç¸ºÐÔÊý¾Ý£ºH£º2.1£¬O£º3.5£¬F£º4.0£®OF2ÓëË®µÄÁ¢Ìå½á¹¹ÏàËÆ£¬µ«Ë®·Ö×ӵļ«ÐÔ±ÈOF2Ç¿µÃ¶à£¬ÆäÔÒòÓУº¢ÙOF2ÖÐÑõÔ×ÓÉÏÓÐÁ½¶Ô¹Â¶Ôµç×Ó£¬µÖÏûÁËFÒ»O¼üÖй²Óõç×Ó¶ÔÆ«ÏòF¶ø²úÉúµÄ¼«ÐÔ£»¢Ú´Óµç¸ºÐÔÉÏ¿´£¬
£¨8£©·ÖÎöϱíÊý¾Ý£¬Çëд³öÄãµÄ×î¾ß¸ÅÀ¨ÐԵĽáÂÛ£º
| ¼üÐÍ | ¼üÄÜ £¨kJ/mol£© |
¼ü³¤ £¨pm£© |
·Ö×Ó | ¼ü½Ç | ÎïÖÊ | È۵㣨¡æ£© | ·Ðµã£¨¡æ£© |
| H-C | 413 | 109 | 109.5¡ã | ¼×Íé | -183.7 | -128.0 | |
| H-N | 391 | 101 | 107¡ã | °± | -77.7 | -33.3 | |
| H-O | 467 | 96 | 104.5¡ã | Ë® | 0.0 | 100.0 |
Ë®ÊÇÉúÃüÖ®Ô´£¬Ò²ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ³£ÓõÄÊÔ¼Á¡£Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×ÓÔÚ»ù̬ʱºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª___ _______£»
£¨2£©H2O·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×Ó²ÉÈ¡µÄÊÇ ÔÓ»¯¡£
£¨3£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÈÝÒ׵õ½Ò»¸öH£«ÐγÉË®ºÏÇâÀë×Ó£¨H3O£«£©¡£¶ÔÉÏÊö¹ý³ÌµÄÏÂÁÐÃèÊö²»ºÏÀíµÄÊÇ ¡£
| A£®ÑõÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍ·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä | B£®Î¢Á£µÄÐÎ×´·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä |
| C£®Ë®ºÏÇâÀë×Ó·Ö×Ó¹¹ÐÍÊÇÈý½Ç×¶ÐÍ | D£®Î¢Á£Öеļü½Ç·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä |
Ë®ÊÇÉúÃüÖ®Ô´£¬Ò²ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ³£ÓõÄÊÔ¼Á¡£Çë»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌ⣺
£¨1£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×ÓÔÚ»ù̬ʱºËÍâµç×ÓÅŲ¼Ê½Îª ¡£
£¨2£©H2O·Ö×ÓÖÐÑõÔ×Ó²ÉÈ¡µÄÊÇ ÔÓ»¯¡£
£¨3£©Ë®·Ö×ÓÈÝÒ׵õ½Ò»¸öH£«ÐγÉË®ºÏÇâÀë×Ó£¨H3O£«£©¡£¶ÔÉÏÊö¹ý³ÌµÄÏÂÁÐÃèÊö²»ºÏÀíµÄÊÇ ¡£
A£®ÑõÔ×ÓµÄÔÓ»¯ÀàÐÍ·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä B£®Î¢Á£µÄ¿Õ¼ä¹¹ÐÍ·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä
C£®Î¢Á£Öеļü½Ç·¢ÉúÁ˸ıä
£¨4£©ÏÂÁÐÊÇÄÆ¡¢µâ¡¢½ð¸Õʯ¡¢¸É±ù¡¢ÂÈ»¯Äƾ§ÌåµÄ¾§°ûͼ(δ°´Ë³ÐòÅÅÐò)¡£Óë±ùµÄ¾§ÌåÀàÐÍÏàͬµÄÊÇ______¡£(ÇëÓÃÏàÓ¦µÄ±àºÅÌîд)
![]()
£¨5£©ÔÚ±ù¾§ÌåÖУ¬Ã¿¸öË®·Ö×ÓÓëÏàÁÚµÄ4¸öË®·Ö×ÓÐγÉÇâ¼ü(ÈçͼËùʾ)£¬ÒÑÖª±ùµÄÉý»ªÈÈÊÇ51 kJ/mol£¬³ýÇâ¼üÍ⣬ˮ·Ö×Ӽ仹´æÔÚ·¶µÂ»ªÁ¦(11 kJ/mol)£¬Ôò±ù¾§ÌåÖÐÇâ¼üµÄ¡°¼üÄÜ¡±ÊÇ_________kJ/mol¡£
£¨6£©½«°×É«µÄÎÞË®CuSO4ÈܽâÓÚË®ÖУ¬ÈÜÒº³ÊÀ¶É«£¬ÊÇÒòΪÉú³ÉÁËÒ»ÖÖ³ÊÀ¶É«µÄÅäºÏÀë×Ó¡£Çëд³öÉú³É´ËÅäºÏÀë×ÓµÄÀë×Ó·½³Ìʽ£º ¡£