【题目】阅读材料,回答问题

材料一 在雅典,凡公民都享有充分的民主政治权利,凡20岁以上的男性公民都有权参加公民大会,平等享有立法权、选举权监督权。公民大会上,公民对城邦大事的议案自由发言或展开激烈的辩论,按“少数服从多数的原则”,作出决议,决议一旦形成,不能随意更改。这种简朴的参政方式鲜明的表现了雅典民主政治的直接性雅典法律规定,公民没有抛弃公务照管私务的自由,相反他必须奋不顾身地为城邦的福祉而努力。雅典公民大会、五百人会议和陪审法庭是国家最主要的民主机构,它们分别拥有立法权、行政权和司法权,虽然其权力还有部分交叉,但“三权分立”的轮廓是明确的。这三个机构的设立反映了雅典人所具有的分权制约的思想。只要将近现代西方民主和雅典民主作一比较,不难发现雅典公民大会和五百人会议实际上是近代以来在各国出现的众议院和参议院的胚芽,众议院和参议院是西方民主国家在分权制约思想下设立的国家组织,从其源流上考察,与雅典民主政治一脉相承。

——摘编自蒋云芳等《雅典民主政治的特征及对西方民主的影响》

材料二 “民主”的含义在古希腊就是人人统治,从而人人不得受到任何人的统治,所以他的基本取向是“自由”或不受干预的自由。人不能忍受任何约束,否则就会群起攻击领导人为“寡头分子”,要求惩办他们。民主与法治处于尖锐的冲突中。一般现代人认为,法律的基础是民主,法治和民主是一回事。在古希腊,“人民”是一个集合名词,它体现作为一个整体的公民群体,个体是完全从属于群体的,他没有脱离于群体之外的自由。在现代的民主政治中,个体一面从属于群体,一面却享有作为个体的独立性,享有自由。近代的民主国家,由于国土辽阔,人口众多,商品经济日盛,古代城邦的简单直接民主制的外壳显然已不能满足人们的需要,因而也不适用于民主国家,这是由直接民主制自身无法克服的局限性决定的。代议制民主与直接民主制相比,它的生命力和优越性是明显的。

——摘编自龚月萍《浅探古希腊民主政治与现代西方民主政治的异同》

材料三 中国的成功向世界展示了另外一种选择,这就是绝不照搬西方政治模式,坚定地探索符合自己民情国情的经济和政治制度,并争取在越来越多的方面超越西方,超越西方模式。最终世界上多数国家都会认识到跟着西方模式走,路只会越走越窄,而大胆探索自己的发展道路,才可能正成功。

——张维为《西方民主真的该吃药了》

(1)根据材料一,概括雅典民主政治的特点,结合所学知识分析其形成的原因。

(2)根据材料一、二并结合所学知识,指出近现代西方民主与雅典民主的不同。

(3)综合以上材料谈谈你对民主政治的认识。

【题目】下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第1—5题)。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句,并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。

How to pick a great book to read

The world is full of great books, just waiting to be read. How can you pick one you'll really like? Here are some tips:

【1】 If you have a favorite hobby or pastime, look for books about that activity. Are you really into dinosaurs or dogs or a specific celebrity? Are there a few careers you're interested in? You can find books about almost anything you like, and you're more likely to enjoy reading a book if you're already interested in its subject.

【2】 Some books are entirely made up and imagined. Those are called fiction books. Novels, short stories, and fables are all examples of fiction. These books can transport you to another world or help you imagine something beyond your own experience. Nonfiction books give you the who, what, when, and why. They tell stories using facts but that doesn't mean they're boring. Nonfiction books can bring to life everything from the first trip to the moon to what it's like to explore the deepest oceans. Many of them read like novels from start to finish. Try both fiction and nonfiction books to see which you like better.

【3】 What was your mother's favorite book when she was your age? Or your dad's? What about a sibling's? Ask them and give it a read. Then you can talk about what they liked about it and share your thoughts. It's a fun way to get to know your family a little better, and to finda book you'll enjoy!

【4】 Your local library is a great place to find books that you'll love, and you don't have to search all by yourself. Tell a librarian about your interests rock stars, sports teams, historical events, whatever you're into and the names of some books you already like. Your librarian can help you find other books that you're sure to love. Your teacher is another good person to ask.

【5】 Why not get some friends together and trade favorite books? It's always fun to see what your friends are reading. Even if they're not exactly bookworms, you can all encourage each other to read and share books and authors you like. You also can look for book swaps in your area. It's a great way to build your personal library for free!

A. Find a family favorite.

B. Read as many books as possible.

C. Launch a book swap.

D. Ask an expert.

E. Fact or fiction?

F. What makes you happy?

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