[题目]在一个国家工业化和城镇化的起步阶段.国家总的森林面积会逐渐减少.随着工业化和城市化的进一步推进.国家森林面积减少的态势出现减缓直至停止.并开始转变为扩张.这个国家森林面积从减少转变为扩张阶段的土地利用变化过程被称成为“国家森林转型 .我国很多地区已经出现“国家森林转型现象.据此完成下列问题.[1]在“� 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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【题目】在一个国家工业化和城镇化的起步阶段，国家总的森林面积会逐渐减少。随着工业化和城市化的进一步推进，国家森林面积减少的态势出现减缓直至停止，并开始转变为扩张，这个国家森林面积从减少转变为扩张阶段的土地利用变化过程被称成为“国家森林转型”。我国很多地区已经出现“国家森林转型”现象。据此完成下列问题。

【1】在“国家森林转型”阶段，面积逐渐减少的土地利用类型是

A．林地 B．耕地 C．草地 D．建设用地

【2】我国“国家森林转型”现象较明显的地区最可能是

A．东北平原 B．华北平原 C．内蒙古高原 D．东南丘陵

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【解析】

试题分析：

【1】在“国家森林转型”不同阶段，早期建设用地扩张、后期林地、草地扩张，唯有耕地没有说扩张。那建设用地、林地、草地的扩张应该是以耕地减少为代价的，B正确。

【2】我国“国家森林转型”现象明显地区应该是城市化比较快的地区，内蒙古高原经济发展较慢，工业化、城市化程度低，未达到转型阶段，C错。相对于东南丘陵地区，东北平原、华北平原城市化水平较低。因此，最可能转型的应该是城市化水平最高的东南丘陵地区，D正确。

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【题目】请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

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What is eco-fashion？Eco-fashion is about making clothes that take into account the environment, the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry. It is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion — ‘ecological’ and ‘ethical’. Ecological fashion usually refers to textile (织物) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues surrounding them；ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes.

What are the problems with fashion? A closer look at the fashion industry points out many problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory. Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides；sheep-farming and wool cleaning contribute to global warming；synthetics-making (人造纤维生产) brings about waste which does harm to our environment. Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times.

Then, how to solve the problems? Other industries that design products are ahead of the fashion industry when it comes to choosing sustainable materials, designing for minimum waste, choosing energy efficient manufacturing and creating products for longevity. The fashion industry has been slow to adopt these changes and part of the problem is the very nature of fashion. To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers，to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand，as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption.

There is some concern that eco-friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesn't happen. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our personal health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet.

Ethical

Why choose eco-fashion?

【1】of fashion

Ecological

Textile & clothing production processes; Issues related to【2】

Working 【3】involved

Problems with fashion

Textile 【4】

Cotton-planting: use of pesticides;

Sheep-farming & wool-cleaning: global warming;

Synthetics-making: 【5】 waste

Clothing production

Producing a lot of waste;

Using harmful chemicals;

【6】 a great deal of energy

Consumption levels & shopping habits

New clothes: bought in increasing quantities

Old clothes: 【7】away quickly

【8】to problems

Fashion producers

Ways to recycle and【9】waste:

Switching to green energy;

Reducing energy use;

Selecting sustainable materials;

Choosing local suppliers

【10】

Selecting environmentally friendly clothing

Reducing clothing consumption

Choosing eco-fashion can contribute to our personal health.

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