题目内容

【题目】1953年艾青在《谈中国画》一文中提出了新国画概念。该文发表后,许多人撰文表示反对,然而这些反对文章却并未公开发表。3年后,《文艺报》刊登了俞剑华、刘桐良等批判《谈中国画》的文章。导致这一变化的直接因素是

A.三大改造基本完成 B.《中华人民共和国宪法》的颁布

C.双百方针的提出 D.毛泽东发表《论十大关系》

【答案】C

【解析】三大改造基本完成的标志是1956年生产资料私有制转变为生产资料公有制,排除A;《中华人民共和国宪法》颁布于1954年,排除B;1956年提出的双百方针的基本精神是艺术上不同形式和风格可以自由发展,科学上不同的学派可以自由争论,故选C;《论十大关系》初步总结了我国社会主义建设的经验,提出了探索适合我国国情的社会主义建设道路的任务,排除D。

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【题目】阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一 浪漫主义文学的兴起是由18世纪末和19世纪初欧洲的社会政治状况决定的。1789年的法国资产阶级革命,推翻了封建专制政权,建立了资产阶级统治。这次革命影响巨大,意义深远,它震撼了整个欧洲的封建统治,许多国家掀起了资产阶级民主革命和民族解放运动。但是,在保卫和巩固这次革命成果的过程中,曾出现极其复杂的形势,经历了一场革命和反革命、复辟与反复辟的长期斗争。法国大革命后出现的动荡、混乱、灾难的局面,完全不是人们期望的。伟大的启蒙学者们所预言的那个理想社会根本没有出现。贫富对立变得更加尖锐阶级压迫更加残酷,资产阶级的恶德败行以最丑恶的形式表现出来。法国革命后的现实宣告了启蒙运动理想的破灭,在广大社会阶层中引起了一种普遍的失望情绪,浪漫主义正是这种失望情绪在文学上的反映。

——《世界近代文学简史》

材料二 资本主义在欧洲各国不同程度的发展,人们头脑中的物质利益观念不断加强,金钱成了衡量人的主要的或唯一的尺度,人与人之间的关系也随之发生变化。人在挣脱封建束缚从而获得一定的人身自由后,又在物质财富面前丧失精神的、心理的以及人格的自由;在热衷于创造物质财富并依赖于物质财富的生存环境中,人对人的压迫与剥削以新的形态表现出来,人与人之间的关系趋于恶化。现实告诉人们,启蒙主义者所宣示的价值和浪漫主义者所追求的理想并未实现,人们须以一种新的冷静的眼光重新看待现实和思考自己的命运,并寻求改善自己的生存处境的方法。于是,追求客观冷静地分析与解剖现实的社会心理和风气随之形成,反映在作家创作上,就是他们摒弃浪漫主义的主观想象和抒情,通过对社会现实作如实细致的描绘,揭露社会的黑暗,展示在物质与金钱挤压下人的各种心态……

(1)根据材料一和所学知识,概括浪漫主义文学流派产生的历史背景。

(2)根据材料二和所学知识,指出欧洲浪漫主义文学流派与现实主义文学流派的内在区别。这两种文学流派形成和发展的决定性因素是什么?

【题目】阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”

For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried to strike Mumbet’s sister with a spade(铁锹).Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Angry, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom.

While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom---- the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.

Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her legacy(传家宝)lived on in her many descendants(后裔). One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.

Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own area she had no superior or equal.”

【1】 Which of the following statements about Mumbet is true according to the passage?

A. She died in his 90s.

B. She served the Ashleys for nearly 4 decades.

C. Her sister was hit and ran away .

D. She was hit by Ashley’s wife

【2】In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “declined” probably means______.

A. compromised B. refused

C. decreased D. agreed

【3】From the passage, we can infer_______.

A. Mumbet influenced her younger generation in a way

B. Mumbet went to work for the lawyer

C. the lawyer taught Mumbet how to apply for a job

D. Mumbet had only one grandchild

【4】What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. A shocking trial.

B. Mumbet and her sister.

C. The life of Mumbet.

D. The effect of Mumbet on her children.

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