题目内容

【题目】阅读下面的文字，完成下题。

老去的苦枣树

①最后一次见到家乡门口的那棵苦枣树，是去年的八月份。那天回家处理父亲的后事，刚到村口，就见村里几个年轻力壮的小伙子正拉着板锯，大汗淋淋地切割只剩下一个木墩的苦枣树。一会儿工夫，被雨水腐蚀得发绵的苦枣树根被拔了出来，横七竖八地躺在地上，亲吻着养育它一生的泥土……

②苦枣树老了，老去的是曾经枝繁叶茂的枝干；父亲也老了，老去的是曾经风华正茂的躯体。

③父亲说，苦枣树很老，他小的时候就已经是一棵参天大树了，那时是最旺盛的时期，像娃娃一天一个模样似的在长。到我们小时候，苦枣树长得要三个成年人才抱得住，足足有二十米高，遮阳面积有七八十平方米。苦枣树正好长在家门口的十字路中间，南来北往的人经过时，都会在它怀里小憩一会儿，退却一身的疲惫和燥热，继续上路。

④我们记事时的苦枣树已是晚年了，树皮斑驳陆离，表面那层枯裂。但在父亲的悉心照料下，仍然焕发顽强的生命力。在吐苞献蕾的季节，苦枣树不甘拜下风，沐浴亮丽的春霞增枝拔节，枝头没有绿叶的空白。

⑤春夏，苦枣树是鸟儿的天堂，也是我们的乐园。麻雀在树枝上，向着刚露小脸的太阳，叽叽喳喳叫个不停。我们几个小孩就爬上滑下，吊在树枝上翻跟头，躲在树叶里捉迷藏，像猴子似的，从这根树枝翻腾到另一树枝。或许是因为有一次从树上掉下来，摔伤了我手臂，或许是因为苦枣树的开花，散落满地的苦苦花蕊，熏得人发晕，每次我们玩得尽兴时，父亲不知不觉就突然出现在树底下，拿着竹鞭子，催赶我们下来。看着父亲手里长长的鞭子，听到父亲的怒斥声，我们不敢下来，钻到密密的树叶里，使劲往树顶上爬。父亲也曾几次想爬上树，捉我们下来，可他毕竟上了年纪，腿脚没有我们灵活，蹬了几脚就滑了下来，喘着气，在树底下好言劝我们下来。我也是每次忘记了父亲的美丽谎言，乖乖地一忽悠溜到了地下，父亲趁机一把抓住我，抽几鞭我小屁股，告诫我要记得“栽跟头”的教训。

⑥秋冬，苦枣树是过冬鸟的避风港，也是我们嬉戏的打闹场。苦枣树是一种季节性非常明显的树。带着少许燥热的秋风刚起，树叶似乎忽如一夜秋风黄。那时我和几个顽皮的小孩坐树杈间，审视树底下，一见有行人过来，就比赛似的猛摇树枝，如秋风扫落叶，飘洒一地黄叶，落满行人肩头。父亲也同时收到了不少关于要好好教育我的投诉。串串的苦枣，没有绿叶的衬托，有点发黄了。我们随地取材，折一支树杈，一边套上一根橡皮筋，系上一小块帆布，就做好了一把弹鸟的皮射雕，捋下一串串的苦枣，作为射击子弹。对准树枝上还没来得及封顶的鸟巢，几个小孩枪林弹雨般扫射一番，惊得小鸟可怒又无奈，叽叽叫地盘旋在我们的头顶，等待机会重新修建过冬的家园。苦枣树如一位老态龙钟的老人了，有些怕冷。当凛冽的寒风刮起时，时常是一层层的树皮剥落。父亲每年冬天，都会弄些黄泥浆，裹糊着冻得张裂的树杆，尽量保持苦枣树不失去水分。小时不理解父亲的那片苦心，偷偷用树枝扒开泥巴，撕毁枯死的树皮，放在小提炉里作取暖的柴火来烧。父亲心痛的同时，也会狠狠地教训我一顿，罚我在寒冷的冬天，去水沟里捞些泥浆补好。

⑦小学毕业后，告别了家乡，也告别了苦枣树，一直在异乡求学、工作。每次回家乡，都会去看看苦枣树，亲抚被岁月侵蚀得剥落的老树皮，聆听树梢上的教诲。前年，听父亲说，在一个雷雨交加的晚上苦枣树被雷电击中了主干，就一直没有康复过来。那两年父亲也一直拖病在身，与苦枣树相扶相守，两位病魔缠身的老人，苦苦撑了两年，终于没能吐出一枝绿芽，消失在他们眷恋的土地上！

⑧如今，苦枣树老去了，没有带走一捧它眷恋的泥土；如今，父亲老去了，没有带走一片他烧制的瓦片。在人与自然的轨迹上，他们划下了一个完美的生命轮回。生者犹可追，死者长已矣。拾起行囊，尘封苦枣树的那段童年生活，收起苦枣树下父亲的教诲，我继续上路求索。

【1】(技巧鉴赏型之修辞手法题)请从修辞的角度，对第⑦段画线的句子进行赏析。

【2】(技巧鉴赏型之行文技巧题)双线结构是写作中常见的一种技法，文章设置的两条线索彼此映照、重合，从而更好地传情达意。简要说说，这篇文章的两条线索是怎样映照的？两条线索最终完全重叠交合，它们的“重合点”在哪里？

【答案】

【1】①将苦枣树比作老人，“撑”“眷恋”生动地写出了苦枣树对生命的留恋和抗争；②将父亲比作树，用“没能吐出一枝绿芽”来形象地表达他生命的消失；③运用了比拟和比喻的修辞手法，将苦枣树与父亲糅合到一起来写，写出了苦枣树和父亲对生命的眷恋与热爱。

【小题2】写树，是在写人；写人，也在写树。树与人(父亲)互相映照。重合点：在人与自然的轨迹上，他们画下了一个完美的生命轮回。

【解析】

【1】答题时，分析修辞手法要结合句子具体分析，从苦枣树的角度说是拟人，从父亲的角度说是比喻。分析时不能将二者割裂，树与人之间的关系要解释清楚，不可从一个方面入手，关注比喻的同时还要关注拟人的手法。

【小题2】本题考查分析作品行文技巧，把握作品主题的能力。解答本题，要看作者所写的内容，本文一方面写树，一方面写人，重点是父亲，两条线索是相辅相成、互相映衬的。第二问是对主旨的把握，二者的结合重在精神的相似，也就是作者的人生感悟。

练习册系列答案
相关题目

【题目】---Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

---_______

A. I don’t believe.

B. I don’t believe it.

C. I believe not so.

D. I believe not.

【题目】阅读下面的文字，完成下列各题。

铜石象棋

老 缺

老石爱棋，就像叶公好龙一样。叶公爱假龙，不爱真龙；老石爱棋，爱看不爱走。他是又爱又怕，想走，怕输，赢不了。可他棋艺太差，人们叫他臭棋篓子。他可以站在人家身后看一晚上，叫他走，他在板凳上坐下来，走一步，他就起来了说，我不走了。人家说，光看不走，不准你看。他笑笑，站在旁边，还不停地说，走车，跳马，炮打过去啥。

老石不会走棋，他有一副好棋。象棋见过不少，木的象牙的石头的磁的塑料的——各种各样，举不胜举。可老石一副棋真的很少见，棋身是磁的，包边是铜的，黄铜，一个个棋子磨得锃亮，金灿灿的。一方是白底红字，一方是白底蓝字，字是颜体，浑厚有力，还上过中央电视台鉴宝栏目。好多人想买，还有人想买去巴结市长，老石不卖，他说这是祖传的，只能看，不能卖。

吴副市长好棋很有名气，他棋下得好，参加过市里象棋大赛，有名次，还是前十名呢。吴副市长爱棋，他还喜爱收藏象棋，据他秘书小毛讲，吴副市长的家真像个象棋博物馆，什么样的象棋都有。

这几天，市政府门前的桥上，突然冒出个棋摊子，不少人围在那里下棋。吴副市长的车开过来开过去也没有在意，小毛却很好奇，还把头伸出窗外看过好几回，就是不知道是干什么的，他叫门卫去赶过，门卫告诉他说，是摆棋摊子的。小毛就有点火了，竟有人敢在政府门前摆棋摊子，他挤进人群，当时眼睛就睁得像牛眼睛一般大，他棋见得多，从没见过这种棋，就更来气了，快走快走快走，这里不是你摆棋的地方。老石看了毛秘书一眼，不恼也不火，笑眯眯地收棋走了。

老石一走，小毛就后悔不迭，眼看到手的棋叫他轰走了，他每天看着大桥，桥上再也没有老石的影子。小毛心里不是滋味，跟市长这么多年了，知道市长爱棋如命，他要是把这副棋搞到手，他觉得他的地位和生活一定会改变。

小毛到处打听老石的下落，他跑遍了市里的棋摊子，有人告诉小毛说，那个臭棋篓子是山背石头湾的。石头湾吴副市长去过，是哪一年就记不清了，小毛也记不大清楚，因为路太难走，坑坑洼洼的，车子开得往左边倒，再往前走就往右边倒，去了一回小毛就不敢去了，生怕翻车掉进山沟。

老石住在石头湾，小毛要想得到这副棋，就得去石头湾。小毛去过三回，老石总是笑，什么话也不说，小毛嘴皮说破了，老石也不理，还幽默地说，不见鬼子不挂弦。他要见的是吴副市长，不是秘书小毛。

小毛没有办法，想要得到这副棋，只好请吴副市长出马了。石头湾是个穷村，市长听过石头湾的治贫方案，开完会，说去，但事情太多，一直没有去。听了小毛的汇报后，就很想去石头湾看看，到了石头湾，小毛带着吴副市长直接去了老石的家。老石很热情，烧茶倒水，递烟搬凳，就是不提象棋的事。小毛又是眨眼又是做手势，老石只说石头湾处处都是宝，完全不理小毛。吴副市长听得很仔细，不时地点点头。老石说得差不多了，最后说，他想跟市长走盘棋，不知市长敢不敢走。

小毛笑起来说，你要和市长走棋，我和你打个赌，你要是输了，就把棋子交出来。老石说，我要是赢了呢？小毛说，这怎么可能呢？吴副市长笑笑说，那我就向你请教了。老石起身就向山里走。

小毛急着喊起来，你往哪去，不是说走棋的吗？老石笑着说，棋在山上。路不好走，又窄又陡，一段石子路、一段泥巴路，走得市长浑身冒汗，小毛气喘吁吁。到了半山腰，出现了一个石料场，有各种各样的雕刻，目不暇接，吴副市长解开衣服，喘着粗气说，原来这里全是宝哇。老石站在一副石头象棋前说，吴市长，咱俩杀一盘？

吴副市长看着巨大的象棋，很惊讶，一个棋子足有四五十斤，棋盘有四五十米，他大脑里闪过很多画面，笑起来说，我输了。吴副市长再也不下棋了，三天后，石头湾开始修路了——吴副市长铲了第一锹。

三年后，不少人到山里来下巨石象棋，石头湾人开心地笑了。一天，吴副市长意外地收到一个包裹，一个红木箱子里装着一副铜石象棋，吴副市长拿着一个棋子，眼睛湿润润的……

(有删改)

【1】下列对小说思想内容和艺术特色的分析和鉴赏，最恰当的两项是( )

A．小说写人虽着墨不多，善用细节写人。“他笑笑，站在旁边，还不停地说”，用看似简单的动作描写，写出老石对人们的态度，也写出老石对象棋的情感。

B．小说设计精巧，善于铺垫。“他棋艺太差，人们叫他臭棋篓子”，表明人们对老石棋艺的评价，这种普遍的说法让老石难以承受，最后送出祖传的象棋。

C．小说善用俗语，增强了生活色彩、趣味。“不见鬼子不挂弦”，借广泛流传的电影中的台词来表明老石做事的底线，又使对方不至于难堪。

D．小说情节个别地方设计不严谨。“他跑遍了市里的棋摊子”，以小毛的身份、工作特点，他不可能知道市里所有的棋摊，更不可能亲自去找。

E．小说中人物多次用激将法但目的不同。小毛用激将法，是想得到老石的象棋；老石用激将法是想让吴市长感受石头湾人的辛苦。

【2】小说中“老石”是一个什么样的人物形象？请简要分析。

答：

【3】小说以“铜石象棋”为题目有什么好处？请简要分析。

答：

【4】小说起笔于“老石”，收笔于“吴副市长”，是否行文混乱、矛盾？请结合全文，谈谈你的观点和理由。

答：

【题目】

--- This is a really lively party. There’s a great atmosphere, isn’t there?

--- ________ The hosts know how to host a party. （2013山东）

A. Don't worry

B. Yes, indeed

C. No, there’s isn’t

D. It all depends

【题目】---Do you mind if I keep pets in this building?

---_________

A. I'd rather you didn't, actually.

B. Of course not. It's not allowed here.

C. Great! I love pets.

D. No, you can't.

【题目】

根据句意及首字母提示完成单词

【1】 This is the true story of the weeds: the o_______ of the species.

【2】 Children of all ages should be o_______ several hours a day.

【3】 We plan to expand our business a _______ in East Africa.

【4】 If the ink sinks in the cloth,it'll be hard to r _______ the spot.

【5】 He lost his b_______ and measured out his length on the ground.

【题目】 Zhang Zhaojie, a 13-year-old schoolboy in Xiamen enjoyed many snacks during Spring Festival. “I love chocolate and chips very much. They are high in sugar and fat. But I can’t help eating them,” Zhang said.

Recently, an online list of favorite snacks in China became popular. It said that peanuts, walnuts and chocolate are good for our health, and jelly, potato chips and lollipops(棒棒糖) are “bad”. Almost every kid on the planet loves snacks, and they seldom care how healthy they are. Although some snacks like chocolate and candy are found everywhere, others are unique(独特的) to a country or a culture.

In Japan, Matcha(抹茶) is a kind of green tea powder. It’s made from tea leaves and can be used with ice cream or cakes. In fact, Matcha originated in China but took off in Japan. Biscuits or cookies covered with chocolate are also a Japanese favorite.

Potato chips and French fries are very popular in the US. They are cheap but tasty. But they are high in calories and eating too much may make you fat. Popcorn(爆米花) is another typical snack. People eat it when they are watching sports games or visiting the amusement park. Most cinemas also sell Popcorn.

In the UK, many people sit down for snacks at around 4 p.m. every day. They call it “afternoon tea”. Traditional afternoon tea is biscuits and tea. People also have scones(烤饼) with jam and cream, which is probably the most classic English snack.

Countries

Snacks

What it is like

Japan

Matcha

★a kind of green tea powder made from 【1】______

★often used with ice cream or cakes

Biscuits or cookies

★usually have【2】 ______ on them

The US

【3】_______

★cheap and tasty

Popcorn

★when watching sports games and 【4】_______

★when visiting the amusement park

The UK

Biscuits and tea

★the traditional afternoon tea

Scones

★eaten with 【5】________________

【题目】

The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850—1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City ”, almost certainly the source of Howard's name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.

The nineteenth－century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard's idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard's idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.

Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit—Howard suggested 32, 000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.

【1】 How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?

A. Through his observation of the country life.

B. Through the combination of different ideas.

C. By taking other people's advice.

D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.

【2】 The underlined phrase “drawing on” in Paragraph 1 probably means .

A. making use of

B. making comments on

C. giving an explanation of

D. giving a description of

【3】According to Howard, garden cities should be built .

A. as far as possible from existing cities

B. in the countryside where the land was cheap

C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed

D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed

【4】 What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?

A. Their number would continue to rise.

B. Each one would continue to become larger.

C. People would live and work in the same place.

D. Each one would contain a certain type of business.

【5】 What could be the best title for the passage?

A. City and Countryside

B. The Invention of the Garden City

C. A New City in Chicago

D. A Famous Garden City in England

【题目】They will give us the money _______ we pay it back within half a year.

A. on no condition

B. on condition

C. under the condition

D. on condition that

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网