‘Where is the university?’is a question many visitors to Cambridge ask, but no one can give them a clear answer for there is no wall to be found around the university．The university is the city．You can find the classroom buildings, libraries, museums and offices of the university all over the city．And most of its citizens are the students and teachers of the thirty-one colleges．Cambridge was already a developing town long before the first students and teachers arrived 800 years ago．It grew up by the river Granta, as the Cam was once called．A bridge was built over the river as early as 875．In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries more and more land was used for college buildings．The town grew much faster in the nineteenth century after the opening of the railway in 1845．Cambridge became a city in 1951 and now it has a population of over 100,000．Many young students want to study at Cambridge．Thousands of people from all over the world come to visit the university town．It has become a famous place all around the world．

1．Why do many visitors ask the same question?

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2．What does‘its’refer to in‘…most of its citizens are…’?

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3．When did the university begin to appear?

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4．Why did people name the place Cambridge?

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5．How many people live in Cambridge now?

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阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　Antarctica(南极洲)is actually a desert．It is the only continent on the earth without a river or a lake．

　　Antarctica is all ice all year around．The warmest temperature ever recorded there is zero, at the South Pole people used to think that a place so cold would have heavy snowfall．But less than ten inches of snow fall each year．That is less than half an inch of water．Ten times that much moisture(水分)falls in parts of the Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠)．

　　The little snow that falls in Antarctica never melts．It continues to pile up deeper and deeper year after year．

　　When the snow gets to be about eighty feet deep it is turned to ice by the weight of the snow above it．

1．Why is Antarctica called a desert?

Because _____________________．

2．How much moisture does Antarctica have?

Antarctica has ________________．

3．Why is the snow in Antarctica very deep?

Because it ___________________．

4．When does the snow turn to ice?

____________________________．

5．What is the warmest temperature in Antarctica?

It is _________________________．

阅读下面短文，然后按要求完成下列各题。

　　(A)你最喜欢什么颜色? Do you like yellow, orange and red? You do, you must be a person full of hopeful happy feeling about life．Do you like grey and blue? Then maybe you are quiet, and you would rather go after than go before．And sometimes you feel unhappy．If you love green, you are strong-minded．You wish to do(B)________ well and want other people to see you are successful．At least this is what psychologists tell us．They tell us that we don't choose our favourite colour as we grow up．If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly．

　　A yellow room makes us feel happier and more comfortable than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and gladness to the saddest winter day．(C)Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active．It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have few accidents when their machines and painted orange rather than black or dark grey．Remember, then, that(D)if you feel low, you can brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colourful things．Remember also that you will know your friends better when you(E)________ what colours they like and dislike．And don't forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose something in different colours．

1．将画线部分(A)译成英语：__________________

2．在(B)的空白处填入一个适当的词语：________

3．将画线部分(C)译成汉语：__________________

4．将画线部分(D)译成汉语：__________________

5．在(E)的空白处填入一个适当的词语：________

阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　Japanese students work very hard but many are unhappy．They feel heavy pressures(压力)from their parents to do well in school．Most students are always being told by their parents to study harder so that they can have a wonderful life．Though this may be good ideas for those very bright students, it can have terrible results for many students because they are not gifted(有天赋的)enough．

　　As it is reported, a number of students killed themselves．Others try to get the feelings of taking drugs(毒品)．Some join the groups of trouble-makers and turn to crime(犯罪)．Many of them have tried very hard at school but have failed in the exams and have their parents lose hopes．Such students felt that they are hated by everyone else they meet and they don't want to go to school any longer．They become dropouts(辍学学生)．

　　It is surprising that most Japanese parents are worried about their children．They do not help them in any way．Many parents feel that they are not able to help their children and that it is the teachers' work to help their children．To make matters worse, a lot of parents send their children to those schools opening in the evenings and on weekends．They only help students to pass exams and never teach students any real sense(判断)of the world．It is a great surprise that almost three quarters of middle school students have been to such kind of schools．

　　Many Japanese schools usually have rules about everything from the students' hair to their clothes and the things in their school bags．Child psychologists(心理学家)now think that such strict rules are harmful to the feelings of the students．Almost 40％ of the students said that no one had taught them how to get on with others, how to tell right from the wrong, how to show love for others, even for their parents．

1．Why are most students always being told by their parents to study harder?

_______________________________

2．Did many students failed in the exams?

_______________________________

3．Which school do parents send their children to?

_______________________________

4．How many students have been in such kind of schools?

_______________________________

5．Are strict rules harmful to the feelings of the students or helpful?

_______________________________

阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　What is the cleverest machine in history? If you're anything like nine out of ten people in the world, you'll say it's a computer, a machine with mathematical logic(数学逻辑)that can reason(推理)in the same way as humans．

　　Alan Mathison Turing never expected to be the father of a machine with such a title．

　　He was born in London in 1912, the second of his parents' two sons．His parents worked in India while Turing and his brother spent their childhoods in Britain．

　　Turing's loneliness during this time may have led to his lifelong interest in how the human mind works．He believed that the mind creates its own world when the real world is not acceptable to it．At 13, he already showed a talent for mathematics．He wasn't perfect though．His teachers said his work was hard to read．

　　After graduating from Cambridge University, he remained there as a teacher．At that time, his interest in the human mind led him to draw a machine．

　　In 1937, Turing wrote a report about his machine．However, few people understand what he was talking about．But the report changed Turing's whole life．After the start of World War Ⅱ, the British Government ordered him to serve in a special department．The task was to break codes used by the Nazis(纳粹)．

　　Turing's talent shone in this top-secret work．He played a major role in designing an early computer like machines that could decipher(破译)Nazi codes at high speed．After the war, he returned to Cambridge, and built a machine based on his ideas from 1937．

1．Where does Alan Mathison Turing come from?

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2．What did Turing do in 1937?

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3．What does the sentence‘If you're anything like nine out of ten people in the world mean’?

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4．What was Turing interested in after he graduated from university?

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5．What could the machine that Turing helped to do during World War Ⅱ?

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阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　Two Americans were traveling in Spain．One day they came into a little restaurant for lunch．They did not know the native(当地的)language and the waiter did not know theirs, either．

　　They wanted the waiter to understand that they asked for some milk and bread．At first they read the word“milk”many times．Then spelt it．

　　But the waiter could not understand them．At last one of them took a piece of paper and began to draw a cow．When he was just finishing his drawing, the waiter looked at it and ran out of the restaurant．

　　“Do you see,”said the American,“how clever I am?”

　　After some time, the waiter came back．He brought no milk or bread with him．He put down in front of the men two tickets for a bull-fight(斗牛)．

1．Where did the story happen?

_____________________________

2．Why did they go into a little restaurant?

_____________________________

3．Did the waiter understand them at first?

_____________________________

4．How did the man do to make the waiter understand them?

_____________________________

5．Did they get the food at last?

_____________________________

阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　A man once had a dream about the Black Forest in Germany．In his dream he was walking in the forest when two men ran out and tried to throw him to the ground．He ran off as fast as he could, but they followed him．He reached a place where he saw two roads in front of him, one to the right and the other to the left．Which road should he take? He heard the two men behind him, getting nearer, and at the same time he heard a voice in his ear．It told him to go to the right, and he did so．He ran on and soon came to a small hotel．He was received there kindly and given a room, and he was saved from the two men．That was the dream．

　　Twenty years later he was really in the Black Forest and, as happened in the dream long ago, two men ran ort and tried to throw him down．He ran off, and came to a place with two roads, like in the dream．He remembered the dream and took the road to the right．He soon reached a small hotel, was taken in, and so was safe．His dream of twenty years before had saved his life．

1．Where is the Black Forest?

_______________________________

2．What happened to him when he was walking in the forest in his dream?

_______________________________

3．Where did he came finally?

_______________________________

4．What saved the man's life 20 years later?

_______________________________

5．What does the story tell us?

_______________________________

阅读下面短文，然后按要求完成下列各题。

　　Late last night Jennifer Johnstone, a 19-year-old American student, (A)和她的男朋友吵了架, so she left his house at 2∶50 in the morning and drove off．She was driving in thick fog along a road in Saint Pierce when she made a mistake at a corner and went off the road．(B)Her car fell over a 160m cliff(悬崖)．Jennifer(C)________ out of her ear, and landed 18m from the sea．When she came to herself, she realized that she still had her mobile phone．

　　She dialed 999(the emergency number), but she did not have a clear mind, so she had to make several calls before(D)she could finally make herself understood by the ambulance(救护)people．While she was waiting for help to come she could see that the sea was coming closer every moment．She lay there, feeling terrified, watching and waiting．Suddenly she heard the noise of a helicopter in the sky above．

　　(E)The helicopter took about half an hour to see exactly where Jennifer was, but in the end it managed to reach her．By the time the helicopter took off, the waves were just about one metre away．At last, she was sent to the nearest hospital where she is now recovering．“It was so lucky that I had my mobile phone with me,”she said to journalists,“because if I hadn't been able to phone for help, I would surely have died．”

1．将画线部分(A)译成英语：________

2．将画线部分(B)译成汉语：________

3．在(C)的空白处填入一个适当的词语：________　________

4．将画线部分(D)改写为：she could make the ambulance people ________　________

5．将画线部分(E)改写为：The helicopter ________ about half an hour in ________ exactly where Jennifer was．

阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。

　　Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them．Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment．You only have to share your children's curiosity(好奇)．Finally, listen to their questions．I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job．The children asked me“textbook questions”about schooling, salary(薪水)and whether I liked my job．When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence．Finally I said,“Now that we've finished your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

　　After a long pause, a boy raised his hand,“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? When I try eating leaves like that．I get a stomachache．Why?”

　　This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours．

　　Secondly, give them time to think．Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think．When adults increase their“wait time”to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers．

　　Thirdly, watch your language．Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with“That's right”or“Very good”．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为)．But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over．Instead, keep things going by saying,“That's interesting”or“I'd never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas．

　　Never push a child to“Think”．It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to．What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance．The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement．

　　Lastly, show; don't tell．Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program．Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner．Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop．

1．What's the most important thing for adults to do when children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest?

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2．What can replace the word“list”in the last sentence of the first paragraph?

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3．How long should adults wait so that children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way?

________________________________

4．What can we say to encourage children in a science discussion?

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5．Which is a better way for adults, tell their children or encourage their children to ask questions of their own?

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阅读下面短文，然后按要求完成下列各题。

　　Do you like to see many beautiful colours all around you? If you do, you should visit New England during the autumn．The weather(A)开始变凉, and most of the leaves on the trees change colours．In the summer they are green, but in the autumn they turn red, yellow, orange and brown．Every autumn New Englanders drive through the country and take a long walk through the forests to see the beautiful colours against the bright blue sky．All the hotels and country inns,(B)________ in New Hampshire and Vermont, are crowded with visitors who have come to enjoy the colourful leaves．

　　(C)It is fun to find a narrow country was that leads up into the mountains．There you can see squirrels, hares and other animals running through the fallen leaves．(D)The air smells fresh and good, and there are still many flowers in bloom．It is restful and it makes you happy that you live in such a beautiful area where there are four very different seasons．

1．将画线部分(A)译成英语：__________________

2．在(B)的空白处填入一个适当的词语：________

3．将画线部分(C)译成汉语：__________________

4．将画线部分(D)译成汉语：__________________

5．According to the passage, ________ makes leaves change colour．