题目内容
17.The"halo effect"is a classic finding in social psychology.It is the idea that general evaluations (评价) about a person (e.g.she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits(品质)(e.g.she is intelligent).Hollywood stars give the perfect example.Because they are often attractive and likeable,we naturally consider they are also intelligent,friendly and so on.That is,sometimes,not true.In the 1970s,well-known social psychologist Richard Nisbett set out to prove the fact that we actually pay little attention to our thought processes in general,especially to the halo effect.
Nisbett wanted to examine the way students made judgments about teachers.They had been divided into two groups to watch two different videos of the same teacher,who happened to have a strong Indian accent.One group watched the teacher answer a series of questions in an extremely warm and friendly manner.The second group saw exactly the same person answer exactly the questions in a cold and distant manner.In one the teacher appeared to like teaching and students,and in the other he came across as someone powerful who didn't like teaching at all.
After each group of students watched the videos they were asked to evaluate the teacher on physical appearance,mannerisms and even his accent (mannerisms were kept the same across both videos).The same as the halo effect infers,students who saw the"warm"one evaluated him more attractive,his mannerisms more likeable and even his accent as more pleasing.This was unsurprising as it backed up the ideas on the halo effect.At the same time,for those who had seen the other video,the result was just the wrong way around.
The surprise is that students had no clue why they gave one teacher higher evaluations.Most said that how much they liked the teacher had not influenced their evaluation of his individual traits at all.
The halo effect is fascinating and now well-used in the business world.For example,books that have"Harvard Classics"written on the front can ask twice the price of the exact same book without it.The same is true in the fashion industry.
So,the next time you consider buying a pair of designer jeans or decide whether you like someone,ask yourself whether the halo effect is operating.Are you really evaluating the traits of the person?This simple check could save you wasting your money or refusing a loyal friend.Or perhaps,even if you do check,you'll still never know.
56.Why does the author mention Hollywood stars in the first paragraph?B
A.To help us to evaluate others.
B.To explain what the halo effect is.
C.To show us the background of the story.
D.To tell us Hollywood stars are not truly friendly.
57.Which one do you think is NOT an example of the halo effect?A
A.You make friends with the people who have good judgments.
B.You prefer to buy the products advertised by a movie star.
C.You pay more for a simple T-shirt with a famous designer's name on it.
D.You believe your teachers are intelligent because they appear likeable.
58.What can we learn from the passage?D
A.People can do nothing to avoid the halo effect.
B.People use the halo effect widely in the business world.
C.People often wonder how the halo effect works before shopping.
D.People sometimes don't realize the halo effect when they make judgments.
59.The passage is mainly aboutD.
A.the cause of the halo effect
B.the development of the halo effect
C.the evaluation of the halo effect
D.the influence of the halo effect.
分析 这篇文章主要介绍了光环效应的影响."光环效应"是社会心理学的一个经典的发现.这是关于对一个人总体评估影响他们的特殊品质的判断思路.好莱坞明星给出了完美的例子.因为他们总是很有魅力和可爱的,我们自然会认为他们也聪明,友好等等.有时,不是真的.
解答 答案:56.B 细节理解题.根据第一段第一行句子The"halo effect"is a classic finding in social psychology.It is the idea that general evaluations (评价) about a person (e.g.she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits(品质)(e.g.she is intelligent).Hollywood stars give the perfect example."光环效应"是社会心理学的一个经典的发现.这是关于对一个人总体评估影响他们的特殊品质的判断思路.好莱坞明星给出了完美的例子.可知作者在第一段提到好莱坞明星是为了解释什么是光环效应.故选B.
57.A 细节理解题.根据倒数第四行句子The halo effect is fascinating and now well-used in the business world.For example,books that have"Harvard Classics"written on the front can ask twice the price of the exact same book without it.光环效应是迷人的,现在在商业界是流行的.例如,前面写有"哈佛经典"的书和全相同的没有"哈佛经典"书能要出两倍的价格.可知C选项是正确的.倒数第二行句子So,the next time you consider buying a pair of designer jeans or decide whether you like someone,ask yourself whether the halo effect is operating.所以,下次你考虑买一条名牌牛仔裤或决定你是否喜欢一个人,问问自己是否是光环效应在运作.可知B选项是正确的.第四段第二行句子The same as the halo effect infers,students who saw the"warm"one evaluated him more attractive,his mannerisms more likeable and even his accent as more pleasing.一样的光环效应推断,学生看到"温暖"的人对他更有吸引力,他的语言习惯更令人喜爱,甚至他的口音更让人高兴的一点.可知D选项是正确的.A选项没有提及.故选A.
58.D 细节理解题.根据第一段第二行句子Because they are often attractive and likeable,we naturally consider they are also intelligent,friendly and so on.That is,sometimes,not true.因为他们总是很有魅力和可爱的,我们自然会认为他们也聪明,友好等等.有时,不是真的.以及整篇文章的内容可知当人们做出判断时有时没有意识到光环效应.故选D.
59.D 主题归纳.根据第一段第一行句子The"halo effect"is a classic finding in social psychology.It is the idea that general evaluations (评价) about a person (e.g.she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits(品质)(e.g.she is intelligent).Hollywood stars give the perfect example."光环效应"是社会心理学的一个经典的发现.这是关于对一个人总体评估影响他们的特殊品质的判断思路.好莱坞明星给出了完美的例子.Because they are often attractive and likeable,we naturally consider they are also intelligent,friendly and so on.That is,sometimes,not true.因为他们总是很有魅力和可爱的,我们自然会认为他们也聪明,友好等等.有时,不是真的.以及整篇文章的内容可知这篇文章主要是介绍了光环效应的影响.故选D.
点评 做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息.
| A. | another | B. | other | C. | the other | D. | others |
| 父母的主 意 | 1.花些时间在家学习,为接下来的高中(high school)做准备,毕竟学习是很重要的事; 2.和父母多交流,帮父母做一些家务; |
| 孩子的主意 | 1.好好放松休息一下; 2.和同学去观光; |
| 你的主意 | … |
1.词数:80-l00;
2.应包含表格中的观点,不能逐字逐句翻译,适当发挥,以使行文连贯.
How will you spend the coming summer vocation
.
(56)B.
High school is a fun time to make new friends and meet new people.Make friends with all kinds of people and not just a group which you are comfortable with.Socialize,but by judging who you can connect to.You will find friends,but stay away from the ones who don't want to be your friends.
◆Be yourself.
Do your own things,and don't just follow others.(57)D.Just be yourself and create a strong self-image.
◆Be positive (积极的).
There is nothing better than having a smile on your face whenever you can.(58)C.Just be brave enough to meet new people or do something you've never tried.Meanwhile,respect your teachers and classmates and try to be helpful if you want the same in return.
◆Be confident.
When you believe in yourself,others will believe in you.(59)E.And people respect you for that.Make sure you won't easily get influenced by others.
◆Love high school.
(60)A.Make the most out of it,and you will never get those moments back.Come up with funny ideas,top your class,make the best friends,drink,go to parties,but just make as many memories as you can!
| A.Fall in love with it B.Find friends around you C.Practice positive thinking D.Don't give in to anyone's wants E.Confidence is a special gift in your life |