题目内容
【题目】用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次。每空只填一个单词。）
walk, develop, he, can, take careful, father, great, thing, learn
There are all kinds of trains in the world. There are trains to carry people, trains to carry animals or carry 【1】. There are fast trains and slow ones. When I watch or 【2】 trains from one place to another, I will often think of this great man—George Stephenson.
George Stephenson was born in 1781 in a poor family. He began to work when he was only eight. When George was fourteen, he became his 【3】 helper.He spent a lot of time 【4】.about engines.On holidays, he often took engines into pieces and studied each piece 【5】. Soon he became a very good worker though he 【6】 not read or write.
He started to learn the English letters when he was seventeen years old. Every day after he did twelve hours of hard work, he 【7】 a long way to have lessons from a young teacher. On his eighteenth birthday, his own name was written by 【8】 for the first time in his life. George invented many things in his life. The train was the 【9】 one among them.
From then on, people have been improving the train all the time. So far people have 【10】 many kinds of high-speed trains in China, such as High-Speed Electric Multiple Units (EMU) Train (高速动车组列车), Direct Express (直达列车), express (特快), fast trains，and so on.
【答案】
【1】things
【2】take
【3】father’s
【4】learning
【5】carefully
【6】could
【7】walked
【8】himself
【9】greatest
【10】developed
【解析】
这篇短文介绍了乔治·斯蒂芬森童年时虽然没有上过学，但是通过自己的辛勤劳动和不懈努力，最后成为一名伟大的发明家，他发明的火车人们一直在改进，现在人们已经发展了多种高速列车。
【1】句意：有运送人的火车，运送动物或物品的火车。
根据“trains to carry people, trains to carry animals”并结合选项，可知此处指运送物品的火车，thing东西，物品，此处用名词复数表示类别，故填things。
【2】句意：当我观看火车或坐火车从一个地方到另一个地方时，我常常会想起这位伟人乔治·斯蒂芬森。
根据“from one place to another”可知此处指乘坐火车；take trains乘坐火车，故填take。
【3】句意：当乔治十四岁时，他成为他的父亲的助手。
根据his及helper可知此处缺少限定词，结合选项及句意，可知此处指他成为他的父亲的助手，father父亲，名词所有格形式为father’s，结合句意，故填father’s.
【4】句意：他花费了很多时间学习发动机。
learn about学习关于……；spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。结合句意，故填learning。
【5】句意：在假期，他经常把发动机拆成零件并对每一零件都仔细研究。
根据后文“Soon he became a very good worker…”可知此处指他认真研究每个零件，careful仔细的，认真的，形容词，对应的副词为carefully，此处用副词修饰动词，故填carefully。
【6】句意：虽然他不会读不会写，但很快他就成了一个很好的工人。
根据句中结构可知此处缺少情态动词或者助动词，结合所给词汇，可知此处指他不能读不能写；can能，情态动词，根据短文介绍的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故填could。
【7】句意：每天上完十二个小时的艰苦工作后，他走很长一段路去上一位年轻教师的课。
此处缺少谓语动词；根据“a long way”并结合选项可知此处指他走很长的路，walk步行，根据短文介绍的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故填walked。
【8】句意：在他十八岁生日那天，他的名字是他有生以来第一次自己写的。
根据上文他学习努力学习英语，可知此处指他自己写了自己的名字，by oneself靠自己，he对应的反身代词为himself他自己，结合句意，故填himself。
【9】句意：火车是发明中最伟大的一个。
火车是伟大的发明，great伟大的；根据比较范围“among them.”可知此处填写形容词最高级，故填greatest。
【10】句意：到目前为止，在中国人们已经发展了许多种高速列车。
have+动词过去分词，构成现在完成时；根据后文的举例可知人们发展了许多高速火车，develop发展，过去分词为developed，结合句意，故填developed。
选词填空使短文完整的试题，首先要通读短文弄清短文大意，短文的主要时态，然后联系上下文推断空缺处的意思，结合所给词汇，做出选择，同时要注意用所选词汇的正确形式。最后再读短文以保证句意连贯，意思通顺，结构正确。例如小题9，根据上文“George invented many things in his life.” 可知此处指火车是发明中……的一个，此处填写形容词，对比选项，可知此处指火车是伟大的发明，根据比较级范围among them，可知此处填写最高级，故填greatest。
