Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoy games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start, is almost a game in itself.

Grown-ups can hardly find children’s games exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple games again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is usually afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he has caught.

It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win.

1.To become a leader in a game the child has to __________.

A. be popular among his playmates B. wait for his turn

C. be confident in himself D. play well

2.What is true about children when they play games?

A. They can stop playing any time they like.

B. They can test their personal abilities.

C. They want to pick a better team

D. They don’t need rules.

3.Why does a child like playing games?

A. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.

B. Because he can become popular among friends.

C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games.

D. Because he can be someone other than himself.

4.What do we know about grown-ups?

A. They are not interested in games.

B. They find children’s games too easy.

C. They don’t understand children’s games.

D. They don’t need a reason to play games.

5.The writer believes that __________.

A. children should make better rules for their games

B. children should invite grown-ups to play with them

C. children’s games can do them a lot of good

D. children play games without reasons

(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面各题,上栏是学生们的五种不妥行为或危险的情形,下栏是老师所给出的六条建议。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E和F)中选出符合1-5题的选项,其中有一项是多余选项。

1.Yesterday Li Hong found a stranger following her all the way. She ran home as quickly as possible.

2.Tom likes music very much, and he often uses earphones when walking outside.

3.It’s a long way from Wang Jun’s home to school, so he often sleeps all the way on the bus.

4.There are too many passengers on the bus today, and Li Feng puts his bag out of his reach.

5.The house is on fire and it is full of smoke in the house, and you are in it.

A. You should press the cut with a piece of cloth to stop the blood, and then go to hospital as quickly as possible.

B. If you are followed by a stranger, cross the street and go in the other direction. Next, go and get help from others if it is necessary. Don’t go home directly. You are safer on the street than you are at home alone.

C. Your bag should be put within your reach, or it is easy enough for the thieves to steal the things in your bag. Learn to take good care of your things.

D. Don’t use earphones when walking outside. It’s dangerous to do so because you can’t notice those cars, buses or trucks back and forth.

E. Don’t sleep on buses, or you may miss the right stop. Why don’t you read a good book or talk with your partners on the boring way?

F. If your house catches fire and you have to escape through smoke, move on your hands and knees with your head 30 to 60 centimeters above the floor. Please remember there is cleaner and cooler air near the floor during the fire.

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