题目内容
15."Most experiences of absent-mindedness,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just went into a room,are caused by a simple lack(缺乏) of attention,"says Schacter,a scientist from New York University."You're supposed to remember something,but you haven't encoded(编码) it deeply."Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression(印象) on recalling(回想起) it later.Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations.If you put your mobile phone in a pocket,for example,and don't pay attention to what you did because you're involved(参加) in a conversation,you'll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard."Your memory itself isn't failing you,"says Schacter,"Rather,you didn't give your memory system the information it needed."
Lack of interest is another reason which can lead to absent-mindedness."A man who can recite(列举) sports statistics from 30years ago,"says Zelinski,another scientist from New York University,"may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox."Women have slightly better memories than men,possibly because they pay more attention to their environment,and memory depends on just that.
"Visual cues(视觉提示) can help prevent absent-mindedness,"says Schacter."But be sure the cue is clear and available(有用的)."If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch,put the pill bottle on the kitchen table-don't leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
Another common experience of absent-mindedness is:walking into a room and wondering why you're there.Most likely,you were thinking about something else."Everyone does this from time to time,"says Zelinski."The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room,and you'll likely remember."
57.The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important becauseD.
A.it helps us to get back to where we were
B.it slows down the process of losing our memory
C.it helps us understand our memory system better
D.it makes us able to recall something from our memory
58.One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is thatD.
A.they rely more on the environment
B.they have a wider range of interests
C.they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D.they are more interested in what is happening around them
59.The passage is mainly aboutC.
A.the memory system of persons
B.a way of encoding and recalling
C.the causes of absent-mindedness
D.the impression of the environment on memory.
分析 本文主要介绍了人们的健忘行为.人们的健忘主要是由于注意力的缺失,也就是本应该记住的东西没有被"编码"进入大脑,或者说没有把信息适当地输入记忆系统造成的.此外缺少兴趣也是导致注意力缺失的原因.在文中作者还提出了一些应对措施.
解答 57-59:DDC
57题答案:D事实细节题.根据第2段第1句Encoding,Schacter explains,is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression(印象) on recalling(回想起) it later.可知,encoding是关注某事的一种特殊方式,这影响到以后是否能回忆起这件事来,因此D正确.
58题答案:D事实细节题.根据第3段第3句Women have slightly better memories than men,possibly because they pay more attention to their environment,and memory depends on just that."女性比男性的记忆力稍强,这也许是因为她们对周围的环境更加注意,而记忆正是依靠这个",故选D"她们对于周围发生的事更感兴趣".
59题答案:C 主旨题.根据第1、3、5段的首句可以得出,本文主要讲的是精神不集中的原因,故选C.
本文主要介绍了人们的健忘行为.人们的健忘主要是由于注意力的缺失,也就是本应该记住的东西没有被"编码"进入大脑,或者说没有把信息适当地输入记忆系统造成的.此外缺少兴趣也是导致注意力缺失的原因.在文中作者还提出了一些应对措施.
点评 本文是一篇日常生活类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.
| A. | am; at | B. | was; at | C. | was; to | D. | am; to |
| A. | park cars | B. | read books | C. | keep money |
| A. | like | B. | likes | C. | except | D. | to like |