Question

【题目】根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

It was early morning in a small village in Kenya, Africa. Women and children were c【1】 heavy containers (容器) of water on their heads. They walked many miles to get the water. It was hot, and they were t【2】. They could only take a few containers a day. A young British woman learned about how difficult this was for them. She wanted to help.

Who is the young woman? Her name is Emily Cummins. How did she help? She invented a water carrier for the people in Kenya.

Emily Cummins is an engineer (工程师). She designs (设计) useful products for places without many n【3】 resources (资源). These places often don’t have a lot of water. They also don’t have a lot of oil, coal or gas. Cummins’ products don’t use oil, coal or gas. They use other kinds of e【4】, such as the sun. So people can c【5】 to use them in the future without hurting our planet.

How did Cummins get started? As a young child in England, she loved to work with her grandfather in his workshop. He t【6】 her how to use his tools. He showed her how to make toys and boxes from small p【7】 of metal (金属).

Cummins designed her first product when she was in high school and just 15 years old. While she was s【8】 a high school student, Cummins designed a new kind of fridge. Why? Fridges normally use a lot of electricity. They are too e【9】 for many people in developing countries. Cummins’ fridge costs less money. It’s made of cheap, local materials (材料).

After leaving school, Cummins spent five months in Africa. She wanted to learn more about life there, so she volunteered at a school in Namibia. There, she could test and improve her designs. Her fridge became a great s【10】! It has helped thousands of people.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】carrying

【2】tired

【3】natural

【4】energy

【5】continue

【6】taught

【7】pieces

【8】still

【9】expensive

【10】success

【解析】

本文介绍了工程师——艾米莉·卡明斯。她为了解决非洲肯尼亚人们的吃水问题而发明了一种新的运水工具——太阳能运水车。除此之外，她还发明了太阳能冰箱，即物美又价廉，帮助了许多非洲人。

【1】句意：妇女和儿童的头上顶着沉重的盛满水的容器。

由语境和首字母提示可知，填carry；根据前文的句子“It was early morning in a small village in Kenya, Africa.”可知，此处应该用过去进行时，其结构是：was/were+动词的现在分词。故填carrying。

【2】句意：天很热，他们很累。

根据“They walked many miles to get the water.”他们走了许多英里去取水。可知，此处应该是指走了那么远的路去取水，天又热，因此他们很累。由首字母提示可知，应该填tired累的，疲劳的；做were的表语。故填tired。

【3】句意：她为没有许多自然资源的地方设计有用的产品。

根据“These places often don’t have a lot of water.”这些地方经常没有很多水。可知，水是自然资源，由首字母提示可知，此处应该填形容词natural修饰resources。故填natural。

【4】句意：它们使用其他种类的能量，如太阳。

根据“Cummins’ products don’t use oil, coal or gas.”卡明斯的产品不使用石油、煤炭或天然气。以及下文的“such as the sun.”比如太阳。可知，石油、煤炭或天然气以及太阳都是能源。由首字母提示可知，此处应该填名词energy，是指卡明斯发明的产品不使用石油、煤炭或天然气，而是用太阳能。故填energy。

【5】句意：所以人们可以在未来继续使用它们而不会伤害我们的星球。

根据“They use other kinds of e 4 , such as the sun.”它们使用其他种类的能量，如太阳。可知，太阳能是用之不尽的，因此人们可以持续的使用。由首字母提示可知，填continue；continue to do sth. 继续做某事。can后跟动词原形。故填continue。

【6】句意：他教她如何使用工具。

由语境和首字母提示可知，填teach；根据“As a young child in England,”在英国还是个孩子的时候。可知，此处是指过去发生的动作，因此用一般过去时。故填taught。

【7】句意：他教她如何用小块金属制作玩具和盒子。

由语境和首字母提示可知，填piece；根据“make toys and boxes”制作玩具和盒子，可知，此处的名词应该用复数。故填pieces。

【8】句意：当她还是一个高中生的时候，卡明斯设计了一种新的冰箱。

由语境和首字母提示可知，填still还是；still作副词使用时，含有“仍旧”、“还”之意，表示某事仍在继续，多用于肯定句中。此处是指当她还是一个高中生的时候，她设计了一种新的冰箱。故填still。

【9】句意：对发展中国家的许多人来说，它们太贵了。

根据“Cummins’ fridge costs less money.”卡明斯的冰箱便宜。可知，此处应该是说原先的冰箱贵，与卡明斯发明的冰箱形成对比。故填expensive。

【10】句意：她的冰箱大获成功！

根据“It has helped thousands of people.”它帮助了成千上万的人。可以推知她设计的冰箱被人们认可。由首字母提示可知，填success；是指她的冰箱大获成功！great是形容词，修饰后面的名词success。故填success。

此题考查首字母填空。首先要了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文时态、主题及大意。然后利用上下文的语境，结合所给的首字母，先确定空格处所需填的词；再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。例如：第2小题。首先根据“They walked many miles to get the water.”他们走了许多英里去取水。可知，此处应该是指走了那么远的路去取水，天又热，因此他们很累。由首字母提示可知，应该填tired累的，疲劳的；做were的表语。故填tired。