Question

【题目】

Welcome to our charming city, Ningbo and you will surely have a great time here. Probably you will come across some culture differences, especially the table manners. While having meals, the main difference on the Chinese dinner table is chopsticks instead of a knife and fork, but that's only superficial（表面的）一Besides, in the more upscale（高级的）restaurants, you can always ask for a knife and fork, if you find the chopsticks unavailable. The real difference is that in the West, you have your own plate of food, while in China the dishes are placed on the table and everyone shares. If you are being treated to a formal dinner and particularly if the host thinks you're in the country for the first time, he will do the best to give you a taste of as many different types of dishes as possible.

The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food (主食) ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings. If you wish to have your rice to go with other dishes, you should say so beforehand提前）,as most of the Chinese prefer to have the staple food at the end of the meal or have none of at all.

Perhaps one of the things that surprises Western visitors most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food onto the plates of their guests. At formal dinners, there are always "serving" chopsticks and spoons for this purpose, but some hosts may use their own chopsticks. This should be taken as a sign of true friendship and politeness.

It is always poise to eat the food. If you do not want to eat it, just leave the food on the plate.

People in China tend to over-order food, as it is embarrassing to the host if all the food is finished.

When you have had enough, just say no. Or you will find yourself always overeating!

【1】The passage above mainly tells about culture differences in________.

A.table mannersB.cooking dishes

C.serving guestsD.making friends

【2】The food at a Chinese home will be served in the order of _____________.

a. a set of four cold dishes

b. staple food, such as rice noodle or dumplings

c. the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes

d. serving soup

A.acbdB.cabdC.acdbD.cadb

【3】What may surprise the western visitors most is that __________________.

A.Chinese hosts like to over-order the food

B.there are few serving chopsticks and spoons

C.Chinese hosts like to leave food on the table

D.Chinese hosts often put food onto their guests' plates

【4】This article is probably written for _____________________.

A.Chinese hostsB.Ningbo family

C.western visitorsD.culture researchers

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【解析】

这篇短文是写给外国游客的，来宁波旅行的时候，他们会发现中国文化和西方文化有很多不同，尤其是餐桌礼仪。文章中介绍了在中国餐桌上的一些具体做法和习俗。

【1】主旨大意题。根据文意以及短文第一段 “Probably you will come across some culture differences, especially the table manners.”可知，短文中主要介绍的是中国的餐桌礼仪。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据短文第二段 “The meal usually begins with a set of at least four cold dishes, to be followed by the main courses of hot meat and vegetable dishes. Soup then will be served (unless in Guangdong style restaurants) to be followed by staple food (主食) ranging from rice, noodles to dumplings.”可知，在中国的餐桌上，先上凉菜，然后是热的肉菜或素菜，接下来是汤和主食。故选C。

【3】细节理解题。根据短文第三段 “Perhaps one of the things that surprises Western visitors most is that some of the Chinese hosts like to put food onto the plates of their guests.”可知，最让西方人感到吃惊的是中国的主人喜欢把食物放在客人的盘子里。故选D。

【4】推理判断题。根据短文开头 “Welcome to our charming city, Ningbo and you will surely have a great time here. Probably you will come across some culture differences, especially the table manners.”，这里提到“欢迎来宁波，也许你会遇到一些文化差异，尤其是餐桌礼仪”，由此可知，文章是写给西方游客的。故选C。

这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了中国的餐桌礼仪。文章主题明确，内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是阅读理解，考查学生们阅读短文获取中心大意以及细节信息、进行合理的推测判断以及猜测生词意思的能力。这个题目中设置了细节理解、推理判断和主旨大意三种题型。细节题往往较简单，答案常可以在文章中找到。如第2小题和第3小题，先根据题目所问，锁定相关段落或语句，进行细读，结合选项作答。推理题要求学生们推测原文没有直接告诉我们的信息，如第4小题，题干意为“这篇文章可能是写给……”，做题时应抓住文章的中心大意，从文章开头“Welcome to our charming city, Ningbo and you will surely have a great time here. Probably you will come across some culture differences, especially the table manners.”可以获得解题的信息。