Question

【题目】阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Most cars get their energy from petrol (汽油). But some cars use electricity. They get their power from large batteries (电池). There are also some cars that have both an electric motor and a petrol motor. They are called hybrid cars.

Most people think of electric cars as a new invention, but they have been around for a long time. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed. But when the petrol engines became easier to make and more powerful，they became more popular. Interest in electric cars was high in the 1970s and 1980s because oil became very expensive. Recently, electric cars　have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.

Electric cars are better than petrol cars in several ways. The biggest benefit is that they can reduce pollution. In areas with a high percentage of electric cars, there is less pollution. But it is important to understand that electric cars still cause pollution. The electricity to power electric cars has to come from a power station. Unless these power stations run on solar or wind energy, they are most likely burning fossil fuels (化石燃料). The second benefit of electric cars is a reduction in the dependence on foreign oil. Since electric cars can run on electricity from coal or nuclear power (核能) stations, there is less of a need to import oil.

There are some problems with electric cars as well. One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries. They need to be charged in special places. Right now, there aren’t enough places where people can charge the batteries. Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars. Some people are afraid that the battery will run out of electricity before they reach their destination.

Despite these problems, many people, including car industry experts, believe that the percentage of electric cars will increase in the future.

【1】What do electric cars get their power from?

_____________________________________________________

【2】When were electric cars first popular?

_____________________________________________________

【3】Why have electric cars become popular again recently?

_____________________________________________________

【4】What is the third paragraph mainly about?

_____________________________________________________

【5】What are the disadvantages of electric cars compared with petrol cars?

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Answer 1

【答案】

【1】They get their power from large batteries.

【2】In the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

【3】Because people want cars that pollute less.

【4】It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars.

【5】Electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars and they cannot travel as far as petrol cars.

【解析】

这篇短文主要是介绍了电动汽车的优缺点。

【1】根据文中They get their power from large batteries (电池).可知，他们从大电池中得到动力。故填They get their power from large batteries.

【2】根据文中In the late 19th and early 20th centuries electric cars were popular because the technology for petrol engines was not highly developed.可知，19世纪末20世纪初。故填In the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

【3】根据文中 electric cars have again become popular because people want cars that pollute less.可知，因为人们想要污染少的汽车。故填Because people want cars that pollute less.

【4】通读整个第三段可知，主要讲述了电动汽车的优点。故填It’s mainly about the benefits/advantages of electric cars.

【5】根据文中One disadvantage is that electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars. This is mostly because of the high cost of the batteries.及 Another problem is that electric cars cannot travel as far as petrol cars.可知，电动汽车比汽油车贵，而且它们不能走到汽油车那么远。故填Electric cars are more expensive than petrol cars and they cannot travel as far as petrol cars.

1.明确阅读任务

同学们在做题的时候，首先要先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，才能提高阅读效率。

2.读全文，了解大意

明确任务后，要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要全篇考虑，这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。

除此之外，还经常考查给文章拟标题。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往是首句或尾句，但如果没有主题句，就可以从短文中去提炼、概括。确定标题同学们必须遵循两个原则，第一个是标题要有概括性，就是说标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，体现文章的中心大意；第二个是标题要醒目，即标题要吸引读者的注意力。

3. 再次阅读，逐题突破

第一遍泛读之后，同学们对后面的问题，已经有所了解，然后大家就可以用跳读的方式来寻找答案。还有一类情况大家要注意，就是要求同学们要解读深层含义的题。这一类题属于难度较大的题。在做这一类型题的时候，同学们要捕捉文章中有关的信息，把握文章的内在逻辑关系，立足原文，从字里行间捕捉一些线索，悟出作者想表达的深层含义。

4.通读全文，仔细检查

在完成所有任务后，同学们还应结合题目再把全文通读一遍，认真核实答案，同时必须检查一下书写是否规范，句子的时态、人称、单复数、语态、词性、主谓搭配等是否正确，这是答题的最后一步，也是很关键的一步。

完成上面的答题程序后，我们还要注意下面三点: 第一个是能简略回答，尽量简略回答。第二要记住，句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误，书写要认真。第三点同学们切记，要对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称，时态，单复数，主谓搭配等方面进行核对。