Question

【题目】

How can you protect yourself if there's an earthquake at school? What should you do if you are caught in a stampede（踩踏）? March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.

This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students（NDESEMSS）（全国中小学生安全教育日）. The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.

A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries（伤害）.

What can we do to keep ourselves safe? Staying calm（镇静）is the first and most important rule when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice.

A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs.

Earthquakes are common natural disasters（灾难）. When you feel the ground shake, drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don't stay near buildings, trees or power lines.

When there's a fire, follow the teachers' instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don't breathe in smoke.

【1】What's the theme of NDESEMSS this year?

A.To give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.

B.To give students more knowledge about health and make sure they eat healthily.

C.To give students more knowledge about science and make their study better.

D.To give students more knowledge about accidents and make them run away.

【2】What should you do first when accidents happen according to this passage?

A.Run away.B.Stand there.C.Keep calm.D.Cry loudly.

【3】According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A.Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents.

B.When there's a fire, you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose.

C.If you fall down in a moving crowd, you can do nothing but wait there.

D.When an earthquake happens, you should stay near buildings or trees.

【4】If the writer continues to write this passage, what will he write about?

A.The changes of fires.B.The reasons of accidents.

C.Sports injuries.D.Smoking disadvantages.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文，给学生们讲述了在一些常见的校园事故中应该如何做来保护自身安全，如踩踏事故、地震、火灾等。

【1】细节理解题。根据“The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe”，可知今年的主题是教授学生关于安全的知识、确保学生的生命安全，故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据“Staying calm is the first and most important rule when facing accidents”，可知第一件事是保持镇静，故选C。

【3】推理判断题。根据“school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else”，可知是校园事故丧生的中小学生人数较多，而不是车祸，A选项表述错误，排除；根据“If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands”，可知如果在人流中摔倒了，一定要双手护头，而不是什么都不做，C选项表述错误，排除；根据“If you are outdoors, don't stay near buildings, trees or power lines”，可知地震来临时，不要靠近建筑物或树，D选项表述错误，排除；根据“When there's a fire, follow the teachers' instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don't breathe in smoke”，可知火灾发生时，要用布捂住口鼻，B选项表述正确，故选B。

【4】篇章结构题。根据第三段提及“The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries”，并且接下来每一段详细说明了踩踏、地震、火灾时学生应该如何保障自身安全，可知接下来可能会详细说明遭遇运动伤害时该如何做，故选C。

阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力、主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意和短文内容选出正确的答案。如题1，考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案，根据“The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe”，可知今年的主题是教授学生关于安全的知识、确保学生的生命安全，故选A。