题目内容
在图所示电路中,电源电压保持不变,定值电阻R1=10Ω,R2为滑动变阻器.闭合开关S,当滑片P在a端是,电流表的示数为0.3A;当滑片P在b端时,电压表示数为2V.
求:(1)滑动变阻器R2的最大阻值?
(2)当滑片P在b端时,定值电阻R1消耗的电功率是多大?
解:(1)当P在a端时,如上图所示,
电源电压:U=IR1=0.3A×10Ω=3V,-----------------------------------------------------------(1分)
当P在b端时,如下图所示,
R2两端的电压U2=2V,--------------------------------------------------------------------------(1分)
![]()
R1两端的电压:
U1=U-U2=3V-2V=1V, ----------------------------------------------------------------------------(1分)
R1中的电流:![]()
∵R1、R2串联,
∴I2=I1=0.1A,-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------(1分)
滑动变阻器的最大阻值:
-------------------------------------------(2分)
(2)当P在b端时,R1消耗的电功率:
P1=U1I1=1V×0.1A=0.1W.---------------------------------------------------------------------------(2分)