题目内容

【题目】不属于澳大利亚的别称的是( )

A.世界办公室B.坐在矿车上的国家

C.骑在羊背上的国家D.世界活化石博物馆

【答案】A

【解析】

根据澳大利亚是大洋洲最大的国家,西北面与亚洲相邻,东濒太平洋,西临印度洋,南与南极大陆遥遥相望,是世界上惟一拥有整个大陆的国家,进行分析解答。

澳大利亚在几千万年前就与其他大陆分离,长期孤立于南半球的汪洋之中,再加上当地自然条件比较单一,使得动物的演化十分缓慢,许多古老的野生动物种类仍能保存至今,被称为“世界活化石博物馆”。澳大利亚的自然条件很适宜发展农牧业。目前,澳大利亚是世界上重要的羊毛生产国和小麦、羊毛输出国。2000年全国共饲养绵羊1.5亿头,是世界上绵羊最多的国家之一,素有“骑在羊背上的国家”之称。澳大利亚矿产资源十分丰富,许多矿产储量居世界前列。采矿业是重要的经济部门,特别是铁、煤、铝土矿的开采和出口,在世界占有重要地位。第二次世界大战后,矿产品出口总值已超过农畜产品出口总值。因此,澳大利亚又被称为“坐在矿车上的国家”。印度软件产业发达,出口量居世界第二,有“世界办公室”之称。故选:A

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【题目】 Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉)of warmth encourages emotional (情感的) warmth, while a cold drink in hand stops you from making unwise decisions—those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

Psychologists have known that one person’s feeling of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner (决定因素) in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ understanding of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness. Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal. Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those feelings influence judgment in dozens of countries.

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh did an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate (评估) the personality of the assistant . Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded the assistant as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.

“We based on our physical experiences even when we think abstractly (抽象地).” says Bargh.

1According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by ______.

A. the visitors to his officeB. the psychology lessons he has

C. the things he has bought onlineD. his physical feeling of coldness

2The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that ______.

A. adults should develop social skillsB. caregivers should be healthy adult

C. babies need warm physical contactsD. monkeys have social relationships

3We can infer from the passage that ______.

A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

B. physical temperature affects how we see others

C. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

D. capable persons are often cold to others

4What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships.

B. Physical Sensations and Emotions.

C. Developing Better Drinking Habits.

D. Experiments of Rating the Personality.

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