题目内容

仔细观察,选择合适的方法计算.
(1)63+24+37(2)65+42+44(3)18+36+72(4)78+15+85(5)28+34+66
(6)35+44+56(7)232-48-52(8)318-63-37(9)427-39-27(10)385-(78+85)
(11)63-9-9-9(12)500-97-98-99(13)700-101-102(14)351-(151+56)(15)49+49+49+49
(16)72+54+28+45(17)1+2+3+4+5+6+7(18)6+17+18+19(19)0+2+4+6+8+10+12(20)3+6+9+12+15+18+21.

解:(1)63+24+37,
=63+24+37,
=100+37,
=137;

(2)65+42+44,
=65+(42+44),
=65+86,
=151;

(3)18+36+72,
=18+72+36,
=90+36,
=126;

(4)78+15+85,
=78+(15+85),
=78+100,
=178;

(5)28+34+66,
=28+(34+66),
=28+00,
=128;

(6)35+44+56,
=35+(44+56),
=35+00,
=135;

(7)232-48-52,
=232-(48+52),
=232-100,
=132;

(8)318-63-37,
=318-(63+37),
=318-100,
=218;

(9)427-39-27,
=427-27-39,
=400-39,
=361;

(10)385-(78+85),
=385-78-85,
=385-85-78,
=300-78,
=222;

(11)63-9-9-9,
=9×7-9×3,
=9×(7-3),
=9×4,
=36;

(12)500-97-98-99,
=500-(100-3)-(100-2)-(100-1),
=200+6,
=206;

(13)700-101-102,
=700-(100+1)-(100+2),
=500-3,
=497;

(14)351-(151+56),
=351-151-56,
=200-56,
=144;

(15)49+49+49+49,
=49×4,
=(50-1)×4,
=200-4,
=196;

(16)72+54+28+45,
=72+28+(54+45),
=100+99,
=199;

(17)1+2+3+4+5+6+7,
=(1+7)×7÷2,
=8×7÷2,
=28;

(18)6+17+18+19,
=6+(20-3)+(20-2)+(20-1),
=6+60-6,
=60;

(19)0+2+4+6+8+10+12,
=(0+12)×7÷2,
=12×7÷2,
=42;

(20)3+6+9+12+15+18+21,
=(3+21)×7÷2,
=24×7÷2,
=84.
分析:(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)运用加法结合律简算;
(7)(8)(10)(14)运用减法的性质简算;
(9)(16)运用加法交换律与结合律简算;
(11)把63看作9×7,把-9-9-9看作-9×3,运用乘法分配律简算;
(12)把原式变为500-(100-3)-(100-2)-(100-1),简算即可;
(13)把原式变为700-(100+1)-(100+2),简算即可;
(15)原式变为49×4,然后把49看作50-1,运用乘法分配律简算;
(17)-(20)运用高斯求和公式计算即可.
点评:完成此题,应注意分析式中数据,运用运算定律或运算技巧,灵活简算.
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