题目内容

(2008?楚州区)下面各题怎样简便怎样算(求未知数x).
69.58-17.5+13.42-2.5
13
18
×(
9
13
×19-
9
13
x:5=4:(1-
3
8
12.5×3.2×2.5 3.146×55-3.146×45
1
10
+
1
40
+
1
88
+
1
154
分析:(1)根据加法交换律和结合律以及连减的性质进行计算;
(2)根据乘法分配律进行计算;
(3)根据比例的基本性质进行解答;
(4)根据乘法交换律和结合律进行计算;
(5)根据乘法分配律进行计算;
(6)根据分数的拆项进行计算.
解答:解:
(1)69.58-17.5+13.42-2.5,
=(69.58+13.42)-(17.5+2.5),
=83-20,
=63;

(2)
13
18
×(
9
13
×19-
9
13
),
=
13
18
×
9
13
×(19-1),
=
13
18
×
9
13
×18,
=9;

(3)x:5=4:(1-
3
8
),
(1-
3
8
)x=5×4,
5
8
x=20,
5
8
5
8
=20÷
5
8

x=32;

(4)12.5×3.2×2.5,
=12.5×(4×0.8)×2.5,
=(12.5×0.8)×(4×2.5),
=10×10,
=100;

(5)3.146×55-3.146×45,
=3.146×(55-45),
=3.146×10,
=31.46;

(6)
1
10
+
1
40
+
1
88
+
1
154

=
1
2×5
+
1
5×8
+
1
8×11
+
1
11×14

=
1
3
×[(
1
2
-
1
5
)+(
1
5
-
1
8
)+(
1
8
-
1
11
)+(
1
11
-
1
14
)],
=
1
3
×[
1
2
-
1
5
+
1
5
-
1
8
+
1
8
-
1
11
+
1
11
-
1
14
],
=
1
3
×[
1
2
-
1
14
],
=
1
3
×
3
7

=
1
7
点评:此题主要考查小数、分数的四则混合运算的运算顺序和应用运算定律进行简便计算.
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