Many objects that people use each day started with a simple ideaThese objects have often changed the way we   1   .Some help us to do a job more   2  .Others fill a need or solve a problem.

   In 1858 H.L.Lipman had such an  3  .He took out a pencil, a piece of paper ,  4 an eraser. Then he began to write .Sometimes he needed to  5   a word . Each time the had to search under his books and papers to  6   the eraser .“I wish my eraser would stay in one  7 !”he said.

Then Lipman had his simple idea .He  8  a groove (凹槽)in one end of the pencil .He glied(粘牢)the eraser into this groove .Lipman had solved his problem .Later he thought that others might like to have such a pencil . So he sold his  9 . Soon pencils with erasers were    _10_ . His design earned him $100,000.

1 Astudy        Blive         Csleep        Dwalk 

2 Aeasily        Bcorrectly    Ccarefully     Dnormally

3 Aarticle        Baim        Cidea         Daction

4 Aso           Band        Cbut          Das

5 Aspell         Bread        Cwrite        Dchange

6 Alook         Bsee         Cwatch        Dfind

7 Aplace        Bdesk        Cbook         Dhand

8 Amarked      Bprepared    Ccut          Dinvented

9 Abooks       Bpencil       Cdesign       Deraser

10 Awonderful   Bexpensive   Ccolourful     Dcommon

    DENVERCOORADO——What does it take to be a hero? In the case of five Denver childrenit only takes a cry for helpHere’s the story of these five heroes as Gary Lewis the man they helpedtells it   

 “I like to work on my old carIt’s my hobbyI wanted to put a new transmission(传动装置)in the carI put the car up on blocks(大块木头)because I wanted to get under itI was trying to get the old transmission out when suddenly the car moved forward and fell off the blocksIt came down on my chestI couldn’t breathe

 “I tried to shout for help for about five minutesbut I almost could not breatheCould anyone hear me? Was I going to die? Then all of a sudden I heard some little children from the neighbourhoodThey were running to the car and saying‘What happenedsir?’   

   “Get helppleaseI can’t breatheI told themOne of the children ran to his house  and to1d his mom to call 911Then, before I knew what was happeningall of the children were around the car. They used every muscle(肌肉)in their bodies to lift(抬起)the carand I was able to get out from under it

Lewis got out from under the car with just a few cutsHe didn’t even have to go to the hospital“These children are my heroes”he says“I don’t know how they did itbut I am lucky to be alive”   

Raymond Brownfather of two of the childrenis very proud of them“We try to teach them to do the right thingThis shows we’re doing it the right wayI guess”he says

1The car fell off the blocks because         

   Athe children pushed it   

Bit moved forward by itself

CGary Lewis moved the blocks  

Dit was driven by someone   

2Gary Lewis couldn’t breathe because           

Athere was a heavy ear on top of him   

Bhe was running very fast   

Che had a bad cold   

Dhe was working too hard    

3Lewis was able to get out from under the car when         

Athe children worked together to lift it up s little bit

BRaymond Brown came and pulled him out   

Che pushed the car forward   

Dthe police came to his help

Dr. Irene Pepperberg, a scientist at the University of Arizonahas worked with Alex for nineteen years. Teaching Alex to speak and understand wasn’t easy at firstHe had to learn one word at a time. Irene and an assistant(助手)would teach Alex by showing him what a word meantIrene would hold up an object, saying “What’s this?” Her assistant would give the word—“candy”for example—while Alex watched .Irene would praise(表扬)her assistant, then ask Alex the name for the objectWhen he got it rightIrene would praise him and give him the object to play with as a rewardIt took Alex many weeks to1earn his first wordAfter thateach new word became easier and easier for him

Why did Irene spend so much time getting a parrot to talk? Scientists like Irene are interested in discovering how intelligent(聪明)animals are and hew their brains(大脑)work. But studying animal intelligence has always been difficult, partly because animals haven’t been able to communicate(交流)clearly with humansTeaching Alex to speak words that he understands has let Irene talk to him directlyShe can ask him questionsand he can answer them in EnglishIn this wayIrene is finding out what kinds of things Alex’s brain can doShe has found that parrots are much smarter than scientists used to think.

1According to the passagehow is Alex remarkable(不寻常的)?

  AHe can use the English language to answer questions

  BHe uses words in English instead of bird calls to call other birds

  CHe can copy the pronunciations of more than 100 English words

  DA1ex has a brain that is much bigger than those of other parrots.

2How did Dr. Pepperberg teach Alex to speak with understanding?

  AShe said the same word all day long so that Alex could repeat it.

  BShe taught Alex a special sign language

  CShe gave Alex rewards if he would say what she said

  DShe gave Alex a candy every time he answered correctly

3Why did Dr. Pepperberg teach Alex to speak with understanding?

  AShe wanted to prove it could be done

  BShe wanted to provide a model for people who want talking birds

  CShe wanted to find out how many words parrots could remember.

  DShe wanted to find out what kinds of things his brain could do.

4According to the passageAlex has proved that      

  Abirds are not the only animals that can learn a language

  Bparrots are much cleverer than scientists used to think

  Cbirds age just as intelligent as humans

  Dteaching parrots to speak a human language isn’t very difficult

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